abstraction
English
Etymology
From Middle English abstraccyone; either from Middle French abstraction or from Medieval Latin abstrāctiō (“separation”), from Latin abstrahō (“draw away”). Equivalent to abstract + -ion.
Pronunciation
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 331: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "RP" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /əbˈstɹæk.ʃn̩/
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 331: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "US" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /æbˈstɹæk.ʃn̩/, /əbˈstɹæk.ʃn̩/
Audio (US): (file)
Noun
abstraction (countable and uncountable, plural abstractions)
- The act of abstracting, separating, withdrawing, or taking away; withdrawal; the state of being taken away. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.][1]
- 1848, J. S. Mill, Principles of Political Economy with some of their Applications to Social Philosophy:
- The cancelling of the debt would be no destruction of wealth, but a transfer of it: a wrongful abstraction of wealth from certain members of the community, for the profit of the government, or of the tax-payers.
- (euphemistic) The taking surreptitiously for one's own use part of the property of another; purloining. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.][1]
- (engineering) Removal of water from a river, lake, or aquifer.
- 1848, J. S. Mill, Principles of Political Economy with some of their Applications to Social Philosophy:
- A separation from worldly objects; a recluse life; the withdrawal from one's senses. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.][1]
- a hermit's abstraction
- The act of focusing on one characteristic of an object rather than the object as a whole group of characteristics; the act of separating said qualities from the object or ideas. [First attested in the late 16th century.][1]
- c. 1837 W. Hamilton, in Lectures on Metaphysics and Logic (1860), Lecture XXXV, page 474:
- Abstraction is no positive act: it is simply the negative of attention.
- Abstraction is necessary for the classification of things into genera and species.
- c. 1837 W. Hamilton, in Lectures on Metaphysics and Logic (1860), Lecture XXXV, page 474:
- The act of comparing commonality between distinct objects and organizing using those similarities; the act of generalizing characteristics; the product of said generalization. [First attested in the late 16th century.][1]
- An idea or notion of an abstract or theoretical nature. [First attested in the late 16th century.][1]
- to fight for mere abstractions.
- Absence or absorption of mind; inattention to present objects; preoccupation. [First attested in the late 18th century.][1]
- (art) An abstract creation, or piece of art; qualities of artwork that are free from representational aspects. [First attested in the early 20th century.][2][1]
- (chemistry) A separation of volatile parts by the act of distillation.
- An idea of an unrealistic or visionary nature.
- The result of mentally abstracting an idea; the results of said process.
- (geology) The merging of two river valleys by the larger of the two deepening and widening so much so, as to assimilate the smaller.
- (computing) Any generalization technique that ignores or hides details to capture some kind of commonality between different instances for the purpose of controlling the intellectual complexity of engineered systems, particularly software systems.
- (computing) Any intellectual construct produced through the technique of abstraction.
Synonyms
- (the act of generalization): universalization; see also Thesaurus:generalization
Antonyms
- (the act of generalization): specialization; see also Thesaurus:specialization
- (mentally abstracting): concretization
Derived terms
Related terms
Translations
act of abstracting
|
purloining
|
idea of a visionary nature
|
- (please verify) teibíocht f
- (deprecated template usage)
{{trans-mid}}
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 Lesley Brown, editor-in-chief, William R. Trumble and Angus Stevenson, editors (2002), “abstraction”, in The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles, 5th edition, Oxford, New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 10.
- ^ Elliott K. Dobbie, C. William Dunmore, Robert K. Barnhart, et al. (editors), Chambers Dictionary of Etymology (Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd, 2004 [1998], →ISBN), page 5
Further reading
- “abstraction”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
- “abstraction”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
- “abstraction”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
- Glossary of Water Terms, American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
French
Etymology
Borrowed from Late Latin abstrāctiō, abstrāctiōnem.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ap.stʁak.sjɔ̃/
Audio: (file) - Homophone: abstractions
Noun
abstraction f (plural abstractions)
Derived terms
Related terms
Further reading
- “abstraction”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Categories:
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle French
- English terms derived from Medieval Latin
- English terms derived from Latin
- English terms suffixed with -ion
- English 3-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English uncountable nouns
- English countable nouns
- English euphemisms
- en:Engineering
- en:Art
- en:Chemistry
- en:Geology
- en:Computing
- French terms borrowed from Late Latin
- French terms derived from Late Latin
- French 3-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio links
- French terms with homophones
- French lemmas
- French nouns
- French countable nouns
- French feminine nouns