archaic

English

Etymology

From archaism (“ancient or obsolete phrase or expression”) or from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] French archaïque, ultimately from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Ancient Greek ἀρχαϊκός (arkhaïkós, “old-fashioned”), from ἀρχαῖος (arkhaîos, “from the beginning, antiquated, ancient, old”), from ἀρχή (arkhḗ, “beginning, origin”), from ἄρχω (árkhō, “I am first”), from ἄρχω (árkhō, “I begin”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ergʰ- (“to begin, rule, command”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɑː.ˈkeɪ.ɪk/
• IPA^(key): /ɑɹ.ˈkeɪ.ɪk/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

Noun

archaic (plural archaics)

1. (archaeology, US, usually capitalized) A general term for the prehistoric period intermediate between the earliest period (‘Paleo-Indian’, ‘Paleo-American’, ‘American‐paleolithic’, &c.) of human presence in the Western Hemisphere, and the most recent prehistoric period (‘Woodland’, etc.).
   • 1958, Wiley, Gordon R., and Philip Phillips, Method and Theory in American Archaeology, University of Chicago Press, Chicago, page #107:

     [...] Archaic Stage [...] the stage of migratory hunting and gathering cultures continuing into environmental conditions approximately those of the present.

2. (paleoanthropology) (A member of) an archaic variety of Homo sapiens.
   • 2009, The Human Lineage, page 432:

     [...] prefer the third explanation for the advanced-looking features of Neandertals (Chapter 7) and the Ngandong hominins (Chapter 6), but they have had little to say about the post-Erectine archaics from China.

Adjective

archaic (comparative more archaic, superlative most archaic)

1. Of or characterized by antiquity; old-fashioned, quaint, antiquated.
   • 1848, James Russel Lowell, The Biglow Papers:

     A person familiar with the dialect of certain portions of Massachusetts will not fail to recognize, in ordinary discourse, many words now noted in English vocabularies as archaic, the greater part of which were in common use about the time of the King James translation of the Bible. Shakespeare stands less in need of a glossary to most New Englanders than to many a native of the Old Country.

   • 1887, Barcley V. Head, Historia Numorum A Manual Of Greek Numismatics:

     There is in the best archaic coin work [of the Greeks] ... a strength and a delicacy which are often wanting in the fully developed art of a later age.

   • 1898, William Cowper Brann, The Complete Works of Brann the Iconoclast:

     Brann's compass of words, idioms and phrases harks back to the archaic and reaches forward to the futuristic. Volume 1

   • 2017 December 27, “The Guardian view on Prince Harry: the monarchy’s best insurance policy”, in the Guardian‎^[1]:

     But now he is reinvented; he is on the way to establishing himself as the official interpreter of an ancient, archaic institution to the generations that are already distant in both time and culture from the world that sustains his grandmother.

2. (of words) No longer in ordinary use, though still used occasionally to give a sense of antiquity.
   • 1893, Harrington Hugh Melville Percival, “Introduction”, in The faerie queene: Book 1, page lxi:

     The language of the Faerie Queene was made archaic Language:— in order to be in keeping with the chivalry of bygone ages that formed its subject.

   • 1982, Walter J. Ong, Orality and Literacy: the technologizing of the word, page 46:

     When generations pass and the object or institution referred to by the archaic word is no longer part of present, lived experience, though the word has been retained, its meaning is commonly altered or simply vanishes. African talking drums, as used for example among the Lokele in eastern Zaire, speak in elaborate formulas that preserve certain archaic words which the drummers can vocalize but whose meaning they no longer know.

   • 2005, Cormac Ó Cuilleanáin, “Editor's Introduction”, in Decameron, page lxvi:

     his resistance to censorship blends nicely with his scorn for the common folk, so a limited edition, in beautiful archaic language incomprehensible to the masses, of rude or blasphemous material such as one can find in the Decameron, would simultaneously satisfy both impulses.
3. (archaeology) Belonging to the archaic period

Synonyms

• dated
• obsolete
• old fashioned

Derived terms

• archaically, archaism, archaicy

Related terms

Related terms

• archaeologist, archeologist
• archaeology, archeology
• paleo, Paleo-indian, Paleolithic

• paleoethnobotany ("paleobotany", "archeobotany", etc.)
• (archeology) horizon, stage
• (anthropology) culture
• archeobacteria

Translations

old-fashioned or antiquated

• Albanian: arkaik (sq)
• Azerbaijani: arxaik
• Bulgarian: стар (bg) (star), древен (bg) (dreven), архаичен (bg) (arhaičen)
• Catalan: arcaic (ca)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 古舊的／古旧的, 古旧的 (gǔjiù de), 古老的 (gǔlǎo de), 過時的／过时的, 过时的 (guòshí de)

• Czech: archaický (cs)
• Danish: gammeldags, fortidig, arkaisk
• Dutch: archaïsch (nl), ouderwets (nl), verouderd (nl)
• Esperanto: arkaika (eo)
• Finnish: antiikkinen (fi), vanhahtava (fi)
• French: archaïque (fr)
• Galician: arcaico (gl) m
• Georgian: ძველი (ʒveli), ძველთაძველი (ʒveltaʒveli), არქაული (arkauli)
• German: archaisch (de), veraltet (de)
• Greek: απαρχαιωμένος (el) (aparchaioménos), αρχαϊκός (el) (archaïkós)
• Icelandic: gamaldags (is)
• Indonesian: arkais (id)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Interlingue:
• Irish: ársa
• Italian: arcaico (it)
• Japanese: 初期 (ja) (しょき, shoki)
• Korean: 고대적 (godaejeok)
• Latin: archaicus (la)
• Latvian: veclaicīgs
• Norwegian: arkaisk, gammeldags (no), foreldet (no)
• Polish: archaiczny (pl)
• Portuguese: arcaico (pt)
• Romanian: arhaic (ro) m or n, învechit (ro) m or n
• Russian: архаи́чный (ru) (arxaíčnyj)
• Scottish Gaelic: àrsaidh
• Slovene: arhaični
• Spanish: arcaico (es)
• Swahili: dinari (sw)
• Swedish: arkaisk (sv), ålderdomlig (sv)
• Turkish: antik (tr)
• Vietnamese: cổ hủ (vi)

belonging to the archaic period

• Chinese:

  Mandarin: please add this translation if you can

• Finnish: antiikkinen (fi), arkaistinen
• Georgian: არქაული (arkauli)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Greek: αρχαϊκός (el) (archaïkós), αρχαίος (el) (archaíos)
• Interlingue:
• Portuguese: arcaico (pt)
• Swedish: arkaisk (sv), arkaiserande (sv), ålderdomlig (sv)

References

• “archaic”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• William Dwight Whitney and Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1914), “archaic”, in The Century Dictionary: An Encyclopedic Lexicon of the English Language, revised edition, volumes I (A–C), New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
• The New Oxford Dictionary of English, Oxford University Press, 1998

Anagrams

• arachic