atã

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ata"

Aromanian

Alternative forms

• ate, eatã

Noun

atã f (plural ati or ate)

1. mother

   Synonym: dadã

Old Tupi

Alternative forms

• atanhẽ

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *atã (“strong, hard”).

Cognate with Mbyá Guaraní atã.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /aˈtã/
• Rhymes: -ã
• Hyphenation: a‧tã

Adjective

atã (IIa class pluriform, R1 ratã, R2 satã, noun form atã)

1. strong (capable of producing great physical force)
   • c. 1585, Joseph of Anchieta, Na aldeia de Guaraparim [In the village of Guaraparim], Guarapari, page 162; republished in Eduardo de Almeida Navarro, transl., compiled by Maria de Lourdes de Paula Martins, Teatro, 2nd edition, São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 2006, →ISBN:

     Orogûerasó korine, a'ekatu nde rupine. Xe posaká, xe ratã. Oroapek, oroesyne...

     I'm gonna take you today, be able to raise you. I'm brave, I'm strong. I'm gonna singe and roast you...

2. hard (difficult to break, cut or penetrate)
3. rigid, firm; stiff (hard to bend, inflexible)
4. (figurative) arduous
   • 16th century, Joseph of Anchieta, compiled by Eduardo de Almeida Navarro and Helder Perri Ferreira, Poemas: lírica portuguesa e tupi (Poetas do Brasil; 5), 2nd edition, São Paulo: Martins Fontes, published 2004, →ISBN, page 112:

     T'îasó maranatãûãme […] ?

     Must we go to the arduous war?

5. straight (not crooked, curly, or bent)

Declension

    Declension of atã (IIa pluriform, nasal vowel ending) (See Appendix:Old Tupi adjectives)

Note: not all forms are attested, most of the table is reconstructed based on known patterns.

Causative	moatã
Deadjectivals
-ba'e	satãba'e
-sab(a)	atãsaba
	Singular		Singular & Plural	Plural
	1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person exclusive	1st person inclusive	2nd person
Adjectival forms
Active
Indicative	xe ratã	nde ratã	satã	oré ratã	îandé ratã	pe ratã
Imperative
Permissive	ta xe ratã	ta nde ratã	ta satã	t'oré ratã	t'îandé ratã	ta pe ratã
Negative indicative	na xe ratãî	na nde ratãî	na satãî	n'oré ratãî	n'îandé ratãî	na pe ratãî
Negative imperative		nde ratã umẽ				pe ratã umẽ
Negative permissive	ta xe ratã umẽ	ta nde ratã umẽ	ta satã umẽ	t'oré ratã umẽ	t'îandé ratã umẽ	ta pe ratã umẽ
Gerund
Affirmative	xe ratãnamo	nde ratãnamo	o atãnamo	oré ratãnamo	îandé ratãnamo	pe ratãnamo
Negative	xe ratãe'ymamo	nde ratãe'ymamo	o atãe'ymamo	oré ratãe'ymamo	îandé ratãe'ymamo	pe ratãe'ymamo
Nominal forms
Infinitive
Affirmative	atã
Negative	atãe'yma
Circumstantial
Affirmative	same as gerund1
	xe ratãû2		satãû2	oré ratãû2	îandé ratãû2
Negative	same as gerund1
	xe ratãe'ymi2		satãe'ymi2	oré ratãe'ymi2	îandé ratãe'ymi2
1South Tupi 2North Tupi

Adverb

atã

1. strongly; firmly (in a strong or powerful manner)

   Aîaratã i aoba.

   I graspped at his clothes firmly.

2. (figurative) harshly; severely

Noun

atã (IIa class pluriform, absolute tatã, R1 ratã, R2 satã) (possessable)

1. strength
   • c. 1583, Joseph of Anchieta, Auto de São Lourenço [Play of Saint Lawrence], Niterói, page 12; republished in Eduardo de Almeida Navarro, transl., compiled by Maria de Lourdes de Paula Martins, Teatro, 2nd edition, São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 2006, →ISBN:

     Nd'a'eî te'e, nde ratãngatu resé ûiîekoka, ûiîerobîá

     For that reason I lean on your great strength, I trust.

2. straightness

References

• Eduardo de Almeida Navarro (2013) “atã”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, pages 67–68