denegrir
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Galician
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Attested since 1671. From Latin dēnigrāre (“to blacken”). Compare English denigrate.
Verb
[edit]denegrir (third-person only, third-person singular present denigre, third-person singular preterite denegriu, past participle denegrido)
denegrir (first-person singular present denigro, third-person singular present denigre, first-person singular preterite denegrim or denegri, past participle denegrido, reintegrationist norm)
- (pronominal) to blacken; to turn black or livid
- Denegriúselle a perna polo choque. ― His leg turned livid because of the clash.
- 1671, Gabriel Feijoo de Araujo, Contenda dos labradores de Caldelas:
- Juro por tantos, è cantos / que à an de uer denegrada, / anque a justicia me lebe / os bois da corte, yas bacas. / eu pido vsos, e custumes / calen barbas, falen cartas
- I swear by each and every one that they shall see it livid, even though Justice takes away my oxen from the stables and the cows. I ask for customs and habits, actions speak louder than words.
Conjugation
[edit] Conjugation of denegrir (third-person only; e becomes i when stressed)
| Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First-person (eu) |
Second-person (ti) |
Third-person (el / ela / Vde.) |
First-person (nós) |
Second-person (vós) |
Third-person (eles / elas / Vdes.) | |
| Infinitive | ||||||
| Impersonal | denegrir | |||||
| Personal | — | — | denegrir | — | — | denegriren |
| Gerund | ||||||
| denegrindo | ||||||
| Past participle | ||||||
| Masculine | denegrido | denegridos | ||||
| Feminine | denegrida | denegridas | ||||
| Indicative | ||||||
| Present | — | — | denigre | — | — | denigren |
| Imperfect | — | — | denegría | — | — | denegrían |
| Preterite | — | — | denegriu | — | — | denegriron |
| Pluperfect | — | — | denegrira | — | — | denegriran |
| Future | — | — | denegrirá | — | — | denegrirán |
| Conditional | — | — | denegriría | — | — | denegrirían |
| Subjunctive | ||||||
| Present | — | — | denigra | — | — | denigran |
| Imperfect | — | — | denegrise | — | — | denegrisen |
| Future | — | — | denegrir | — | — | denegriren |
| Imperative | ||||||
| Affirmative | — | — | — | — | — | |
| Negative (non) | — | — | — | — | — | |
Reintegrated conjugation of denegrir (e becomes i when stressed) (See Appendix:Reintegrationism)
1Less recommended.
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, Ana Isabel Boullón Agrelo (2006–2022) “denegreçer”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “denegr”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “denegrir”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “denegrir”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
- Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “denegrir”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN
Portuguese
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Latin dēnigrāre (“to blacken”).
Pronunciation
[edit]
- Hyphenation: de‧ne‧grir
Verb
[edit]denegrir (first-person singular present denigro, third-person singular present denigre, first-person singular preterite denegri, past participle denegrido)
- (transitive) denigrate (to criticise so as to besmirch; to treat as worthless)
Usage notes
[edit]In Brazil, some consider the term racist, arguing it associates the color black with a negative connotation and advising not using it.[1][2][3] But others contest racist intent, saying the word's original definition (to blacken) evolved into the current meaning through an association with dark stains, not with skin color.[4][5]
Conjugation
[edit] Conjugation of denegrir (e becomes i when stressed) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)
References
[edit]- ^ “Por que evitar termos e expressões racistas?”, in Tribunal Regional Eleitoral-RN (in Portuguese), 2023 September 12
- ^ “O termo 'denegrir' é racista? Entenda a origem da palavra”, in UOL (in Portuguese), 2022 May 26
- ^ “Por que denegrir é um termo racista”, in Terra (in Portuguese), 2023 August 21
- ^ João Taboada (2018 March 20) “Denegrir. Palavra racista?”, in Contraponto.net (in Portuguese)
- ^ DENEGRIR: origem e significado[1] (in Portuguese), Pablo Jamilk, 2022 July 22, via YouTube
Categories:
- Galician terms inherited from Latin
- Galician terms derived from Latin
- Galician lemmas
- Galician verbs
- Galician verbs ending in -ir
- Galician third-person-only verbs
- Galician verbs with e becoming i when stressed
- Galician terms with usage examples
- Galician terms with quotations
- Portuguese terms inherited from Latin
- Portuguese terms derived from Latin
- Portuguese 3-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Portuguese 4-syllable words
- Portuguese lemmas
- Portuguese verbs
- Portuguese verbs ending in -ir
- Portuguese verbs with e becoming i when stressed
- Portuguese transitive verbs