droch

See also: droch-

Ladin

Na vacia bev da n droch — A cow drinks from a trough

Etymology

From Middle High German troc, from Old High German trog, from Proto-West Germanic *trog, from Proto-Germanic *trugaz.

Akin to German Trog, Dutch trog, English trough, Danish trug, Swedish tråg.

Noun

droch m (plural droc)

1. (Gherdëina, Badiot) fountain, trough (narrow container for animals (and people) to drink from)

   Bever pra droch. ― To drink from the trough.

   droch dal bestiam ― drinking trough for the cattle

Usage notes

The word droch refers to a water trough, thus a long container mainly intended as a water source for cattle and for passers-by. A fountain in a town center that does not have the shape of a trough is usually referred to as funtana.

Alternative forms

• festil, brenz (Fascian)

Old Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /drox/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Celtic *drukos (compare Welsh drwg).

Adjective

droch

1. bad, evil
   • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 134^d3

     Ɔ·riris-siu .i. ar·troídfe{a}-siu inna droch daíni, a Dǽ, dia n-anduch, air is fechtnach a n-andach mani erthroítar húa Día.

     You will bind, i.e. you will restrain the evil men, O God, from their iniquity, for their iniquity is prosperous if they are not restrained by God.

   • c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 217^a

     Memmbrum naue, droch dub! Ó, ní epur na haill.

     New parchment, bad ink! Oh, I say nothing more.

Usage notes

Forms a compound with a following noun and is thus never inflected on its own.

Descendants

• Irish: droch-, droch
• Manx: drogh
• Scottish Gaelic: droch

Etymology 2

From Proto-Celtic *drokos, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰregʰ-. Cognate with Ancient Greek τρέχω (trékhō, “I run”), τροχός (trokhós, “wheel, grindstone”), Breton troc'h (“cut”).

Noun

droch m (genitive unattested)

1. wheel

   Synonym: roth

2. circlet

Inflection

Masculine o-stem

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	droch	drochL	*droichL
vocative	*droich	drochL	drochuH
accusative	drochN	drochL	drochuH
genitive	*droichL	droch	drochN
dative	drochL	drochaib	drochaib

Initial mutations of a following adjective:

• ^H = triggers aspiration
• ^L = triggers lenition
• ^N = triggers nasalization

Related terms

• drochet (“bridge”)

Mutation

Mutation of droch

radical	lenition	nasalization
droch	droch pronounced with /ð(ʲ)-/	ndroch

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 droch ‘bad’”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 droch ‘wheel’”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish droch (“bad”), from Proto-Celtic *drukos.

Adjective

droch (comparative miosa, qualitative noun miosad)

1. bad

Usage notes

• Unlike the majority of Scottish Gaelic adjectives, droch precedes the noun and lenites it.
• Cannot be used on its own (without a noun).
• Often prefixed to words to indicate a malignant subject, similarly to English ill-, as seen in Derived terms below.

Declension

Declension of droch (type III adjective)

	masculine	feminine	plural
nominative	droch	dhroch	drocha
genitive	dhroch	drocha	drocha
dative	droch	dhroch	drocha
vocative	dhroch	dhroch	drocha

Synonyms

• dona
• olc

Derived terms

• droch isean (“brat”)
• droch shùil (“evil eye”)
• droch-bheart (“vice, sin”)
• droch-bheul (“impudence”)
• droch-chliùiteach (“infamous”)
• droch-fhacal (“curse”)
• droch-ghiùlan (“misbehaviour”)

Welsh

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /droːχ/

Adjective

droch

1. soft mutation of troch

Mutation

Mutated forms of troch

radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
troch	droch	nhroch	throch

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.