garnir

French

Etymology

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Middle French garnir, from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old French guarnir (“to protect (oneself), armour up”), from (deprecated template usage) [etyl]  *warnijan (“to ward, take care of something”), from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Germanic *warnijaną (“to worry, be careful, take heed, refuse, withhold”), from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Indo-European *wer- (“to close, cover, protect, save, defend”). Compare Italian guarnire. Cognate with Middle Dutch waernen (“to provide, equip”), Middle Low German warnen, wernen (“to secure, arm”), Old English wiernan (“to withhold, be sparing of, deny, refuse, reject, decline, forbid, prevent”), Old Norse varna (“to prevent, refuse, protect”). Related to warn.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡaʁ.niʁ/

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

garnir

1. to furnish (a building, a room)
2. (military, dated) to arm
3. to decorate, to pretty, to garnish

Conjugation

This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.

Conjugation of garnir (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	garnir
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	garnissant /ɡaʁ.ni.sɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		garni /ɡaʁ.ni/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	garnis /ɡaʁ.ni/	garnis /ɡaʁ.ni/	garnit /ɡaʁ.ni/	garnissons /ɡaʁ.ni.sɔ̃/	garnissez /ɡaʁ.ni.se/	garnissent /ɡaʁ.nis/
	imperfect	garnissais /ɡaʁ.ni.sɛ/	garnissais /ɡaʁ.ni.sɛ/	garnissait /ɡaʁ.ni.sɛ/	garnissions /ɡaʁ.ni.sjɔ̃/	garnissiez /ɡaʁ.ni.sje/	garnissaient /ɡaʁ.ni.sɛ/
	past historic2	garnis /ɡaʁ.ni/	garnis /ɡaʁ.ni/	garnit /ɡaʁ.ni/	garnîmes /ɡaʁ.nim/	garnîtes /ɡaʁ.nit/	garnirent /ɡaʁ.niʁ/
	future	garnirai /ɡaʁ.ni.ʁe/	garniras /ɡaʁ.ni.ʁa/	garnira /ɡaʁ.ni.ʁa/	garnirons /ɡaʁ.ni.ʁɔ̃/	garnirez /ɡaʁ.ni.ʁe/	garniront /ɡaʁ.ni.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	garnirais /ɡaʁ.ni.ʁɛ/	garnirais /ɡaʁ.ni.ʁɛ/	garnirait /ɡaʁ.ni.ʁɛ/	garnirions /ɡaʁ.ni.ʁjɔ̃/	garniriez /ɡaʁ.ni.ʁje/	garniraient /ɡaʁ.ni.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	garnisse /ɡaʁ.nis/	garnisses /ɡaʁ.nis/	garnisse /ɡaʁ.nis/	garnissions /ɡaʁ.ni.sjɔ̃/	garnissiez /ɡaʁ.ni.sje/	garnissent /ɡaʁ.nis/
	imperfect2	garnisse /ɡaʁ.nis/	garnisses /ɡaʁ.nis/	garnît /ɡaʁ.ni/	garnissions /ɡaʁ.ni.sjɔ̃/	garnissiez /ɡaʁ.ni.sje/	garnissent /ɡaʁ.nis/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	garnis /ɡaʁ.ni/	—	garnissons /ɡaʁ.ni.sɔ̃/	garnissez /ɡaʁ.ni.se/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Related terms

• garnison

Descendants

• Russian: гарни́р m (garnír)

Further reading

• “garnir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

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Icelandic

Noun

1. indefinite nominative plural of görn
2. indefinite accusative plural of görn

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Middle French

Verb

garnir

1. to equip; to furnish with
2. to decorate
   • circa 1369, Jean Froissart, Chroniques:

     Guy de Trimouille fist tres richemment garnir la nef ou son corps devoit passer

     Guy de Trimouille richly decorated the boat where his body should lay

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Old French

Etymology

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl]  *warnjan, from *warnōn.

Verb

garnir

1. to protect
2. (by extension) to arm (provide with arms)
3. (by extension) to armor
4. (by extension) to clothe

Derived terms

• garnement

Descendants

• → English: garnish
• French: garnir