warnen
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German
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle High German warnen (“to watch over, protect”), Old High German warnen (“to deny, refuse, decline”), from Proto-West Germanic *warnōn.
Cognate with Old Norse varna (“to refuse”), Old Saxon wernian (“to decline, withhold”), Old English wyrnan, English warn.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): /ˈvaʁnən/ (standard)
- IPA(key): /ˈvaːnən/, /ˈvaːnn̩/ (widespread, especially northern and central Germany)
Audio (Austria): (file)
Verb
[edit]warnen (weak, third-person singular present warnt, past tense warnte, past participle gewarnt, auxiliary haben)
- (transitive) to warn, to caution, to admonish [with accusative ‘someone’ and vor (+ dative) ‘about/against something’]
- Kritiker warnen vor unabsehbaren Folgen für Gesundheit und Umwelt.
- Critics warn against the unpredictable impact on human health and the environment.
Conjugation
[edit]infinitive | warnen | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
present participle | warnend | ||||
past participle | gewarnt | ||||
auxiliary | haben | ||||
indicative | subjunctive | ||||
singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
present | ich warne | wir warnen | i | ich warne | wir warnen |
du warnst | ihr warnt | du warnest | ihr warnet | ||
er warnt | sie warnen | er warne | sie warnen | ||
preterite | ich warnte | wir warnten | ii | ich warnte1 | wir warnten1 |
du warntest | ihr warntet | du warntest1 | ihr warntet1 | ||
er warnte | sie warnten | er warnte1 | sie warnten1 | ||
imperative | warn (du) warne (du) |
warnt (ihr) |
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Friedrich Kluge (1883) “warnen”, in John Francis Davis, transl., Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, published 1891
Further reading
[edit]- “warnen” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
- “warnen” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
- “warnen” in Duden online
- “warnen” in OpenThesaurus.de
Middle English
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old English wearnian.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]warnen
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of warnen (weak in -ed)
1Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
Descendants
[edit]- English: warn
Categories:
- German terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- German terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- German terms inherited from Middle High German
- German terms derived from Middle High German
- German terms inherited from Old High German
- German terms derived from Old High German
- German terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic
- German terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- German 2-syllable words
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio links
- German lemmas
- German verbs
- German weak verbs
- German verbs using haben as auxiliary
- German transitive verbs
- German terms with usage examples
- Middle English terms inherited from Old English
- Middle English terms derived from Old English
- Middle English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English verbs
- Middle English weak verbs