gourmand

English

WOTD – 2 March 2010

Alternative forms

• gormand

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle French gourmant.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡʊə.mənd/, /ˈɡʊʁmɑ̃/
• IPA^(key): /ɡɔɹˈmɑnd/, /ˈɡʊɹ.mɑnd/

Noun

gourmand (plural gourmands)

1. A person given to excess in the consumption of food and drink; a greedy or ravenous eater.
   • (Can we date this quote by Ben Jonson and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)

     That great gourmand, fat Apicius

   • Template:RQ:Frgsn Zlnstn
2. A person who appreciates good food.

Synonyms

• (person given to excess consumption): glutton, trencherman, see also Thesaurus:glutton
• (person who appreciates food): chowhound, gastronaut, gourmet
• (person with a special interest or knowledge of food): foodie

Derived terms

• gourmandise
• gourmandism

Translations

person given to excess in the consumption of food and drink

• Armenian: շատակեր (hy) (šataker), որկրամոլ (hy) (orkramol), բկլատ (hy) (bklat) (colloquial)
• Bulgarian: лакомник m (lakomnik)
• Finnish: syömäri, mässäilijä (fi), ahmatti (fi)
• French: glouton (fr) m, goulu (fr) m, goinfre (fr) m or f, boulimique (fr)
• German: Gourmand (de) m, Schlemmer m / Schlemmerin f, Vielfraß (de) m, Völler m
• Greek: φαγάς (el) m (fagás), κοιλιόδουλος (el) m (koiliódoulos)

  Ancient: γαστρίμαργος m (gastrímargos)

• Hungarian: hasimádó
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Italian: ghiottone (it) m, golosone m
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: storspiser (no) m, fråtser m

• Polish: łakomczuch (pl) m
• Portuguese: gourmand (pt) m or f, comilão (pt) m, glutão (pt) m, guloso (pt) m
• Russian: обжо́ра (ru) m or f (obžóra)
• Spanish: tragaldabas (es), glotón (es), comilón (es), tragón (es), goloso (es) m
• Turkish: obur (tr)

person who appreciates good food

• Armenian: համադամասեր (hy) (hamadamaser), գուրման (hy) (gurman)
• Bulgarian: чревоугодник (bg) m (črevougodnik)
• Erzya: плямсиця (pľamśića)
• Finnish: herkuttelija (fi), herkkusuu (fi), gurmandi
• French: gourmet (fr) m, dégustateur (fr) m, gastronome (fr) m or f, gourmand (fr) m, gourmande (fr) f
• German: Feinschmecker (de) m, Feinschmeckerin (de) f, Gourmet (de) m
• Greek: καλοφαγάς (el) m (kalofagás)

  Ancient: ὀψοφάγος m (opsophágos)

• Italian: buongustaio m
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Norman: goudalleux m (Jersey)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: gourmet m, gastronom m

• Polish: smakosz (pl) m
• Portuguese: gourmand (pt) m or f
• Russian: гурма́н (ru) m (gurmán), гастроно́м (ru) m (gastronóm), ла́комка (ru) m or f (lákomka)
• Spanish: gastrónomo, sibarita (es), gourmet (es), goloso (es) m
• Turkish: gurme (tr)

See also

• gourmet

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French

Etymology

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Middle French gourmant (“glutton”), originally an adjectival form, from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old French, where it had the sense of trencherman, but of uncertain ultimate origin.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡuʁ.mɑ̃/

• Audio (France, Paris):

  (file)

• Homophone: gourmands
• Hyphenation: gour‧mand

Adjective

gourmand (feminine gourmande, masculine plural gourmands, feminine plural gourmandes)

1. eating a lot
2. (more recently) having a love for good food, demanding of food quality

Noun

gourmand m (plural gourmands, feminine gourmande)

1. a person who eats a lot, or who has refined tastes in food

Usage notes

The French and English usages of this word are false friends. While the English word has evolved to emphasize the excesses of a gourmand, the French word has become more associated with refined tastes in food. See also gourmet, which has considerable overlap with this word.

Descendants

• → Czech: gurmán
• → Portuguese: gourmand

Further reading

• “gourmand”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

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Norman

Etymology

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old French, where it had the sense of trencherman, but of uncertain ultimate origin

Adjective

gourmand m

1. (Jersey) greedy

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Portuguese

Etymology

From French gourmand.

Noun

1. gourmand (person who appreciates good food)
2. gourmand (person who eats too much)

   Synonym: comilão

Further reading

• Template:R:Priberam