jwtj
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Egyptian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From jwt (negation particle) + -j (nisba ending). The noun jwtj is in turn simply a nominalized use of the adjective jwtj.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (modern Egyptological) IPA(key): /iuːti/
- Conventional anglicization: iuti
Adjective
[edit] |
- the negative relative adjective — allows a clause to serve as a negated relative clause, usually with an adverbial or verbal predicate [chiefly Old Egyptian]
Usage notes
[edit]When followed by an indirect relative clause with a pronominal subject, the subject takes the form of a suffix pronoun attached to jwtj. The exceptions to this are clauses with a first-person singular subject, which use the dependent pronoun wj, and sometimes a third-person subject, which can use the dependent pronoun st. Other subjects rarely also appear in dependent-pronoun form.
Analogously to jw, jwtj asserts that the statement in the clause is false at the time of the statement, marking it as modally realis.
Inflection
[edit]Declension of jwtj (nisba adjective)
masculine | feminine | |
---|---|---|
singular | jwtj |
jwtt |
dual | jwtjwj, jwtwj |
jwttj |
plural | jwtjw, jwtw |
jwtwt1, jwtt2 |
|
Alternative forms
[edit]Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jwtj
Antonyms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- Demotic: jwṱ
Noun
[edit] |
m
- (introducing a direct relative clause) he who is not, one who is not, that which is not
- (introducing an indirect relative clause, with a later resumptive pronoun) he for whom it is not the case that, one for whom it is not the case that, that for which it is not the case that
- (without a following relative clause) he who doesn’t exist, one who doesn’t exist, that which doesn’t exist
Usage notes
[edit]See under the adjective above.
Inflection
[edit]See under the adjective above.
Alternative forms
[edit]See under the adjective above.
Antonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- “jw.tj (lemma ID 22030)”, “jw.tj (lemma ID 23140)”, and “jw.tj (lemma ID 856668)”, in Thesaurus Linguae Aegyptiae[1], Corpus issue 18, Web app version 2.1.5, Tonio Sebastian Richter & Daniel A. Werning by order of the Berlin-Brandenburgische Akademie der Wissenschaften and Hans-Werner Fischer-Elfert & Peter Dils by order of the Sächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Leipzig, 2004–26 July 2023
- James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 138–139, 173, 242, 378–379, 409, 415.
- Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1926) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache[2], volume 1, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 46.1–46.10
- Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 14