kahdeksan

Finnish

Finnish cardinal numbers

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Cardinal : kahdeksan     Ordinal : kahdeksas     Adverbial : kahdeksasti     Multiplier : kahdeksankertainen     Colloquial counting form : kasi     Colloquial ordinal : kakki
Finnish Wikipedia article on 8 (luku)

Etymology

From , i.e *kakt-e-ksa, consisting of an earlier form of kaksi + a form of the negation verb ei + ksa, which has the same origin as the endings in the reflexive forms found in dialects, c.f. Kalevala forms such as istuikse = istuutuu (“he/she sits”), so that the combination means "two are not there", and "of ten" was implied or originally said. Compare yhdeksän (“nine”), which developed the same way.

The original nominative kahdeksa was replaced by the genitive due to kymmen ending in -n (which is also the genitive ending), but is attested in older texts, particularly in compounds.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɑhdeksɑn/, [ˈkɑ̝xde̞ks̠ɑ̝n]
• Hyphenation: kah‧dek‧san

Numeral

kahdeksan

1. eight

Usage notes

• See Appendix:Finnish numbers.

Declension

Declension of kahdeksan (type koira) noun case singular plural adverbial form singular plural nominative kahdeksan (*) kahdeksat superessive – – genitive kahdeksan kahdeksien / kahdeksain delative – – partitive kahdeksaa kahdeksia sublative – – accusative kahdeksan kahdeksat lative – – inessive kahdeksassa kahdeksissa temporal – – elative kahdeksasta kahdeksista causative – – illative kahdeksaan kahdeksiin multiplicative kahdeksasti – adessive kahdeksalla kahdeksilla distributive – – ablative kahdeksalta kahdeksilta temp. dist. – – allative kahdeksalle kahdeksille prolative – – essive kahdeksana kahdeksina situative – – translative kahdeksaksi kahdeksiksi oppositive – – abessive – kahdeksin instructive kahdeksatta kahdeksitta comitative – kahdeksine

Declension is the same as type koira (number 10), except of the nominative singular form (*), where an -n is added at the end.

Compounds

• aamukahdeksan
• kahdeksankulmio
• kahdeksanvuotias

See also

• kahdeksas
• kahdeksantoista