Egyptian Etymology Compare with Arabic أَمَرَ ( ʔamara , “ to instruct, to show how or what to do ” ) and Akkadian 𒅆 ( IGI /amāru/ , “ to look at, to see, to learn by experience ” ) .[1]
Pronunciation Verb 2ae gem.
( transitive ) look at , to see (+ m Inflection
Conjugation of mꜣꜣ (irregular second geminate / 2ae gem. / II. gem.) — base stem: mꜣ , geminated stem: mꜣꜣ
infinitival forms
imperative
infinitive
negatival complement
complementary infinitive1
singular
plural
mꜣꜣ 8 , mꜣ , mꜣn mꜣꜣ mꜣꜣt mꜣꜣ , mꜣ mꜣꜣ , mꜣ
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem
periphrastic imperfective 2
periphrastic prospective 2
mꜣꜣ , mꜣ ḥr mꜣꜣ m mꜣꜣ r mꜣꜣ
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood
active
passive
contingent
aspect / mood
active
passive
perfect
mꜣ.n , mꜣꜣ.n mꜣ consecutive
mꜣ.jn active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
terminative
mꜣꜣt
perfective 3
mꜣ , mꜣn active + .tj 1 , .tw 2 obligative1
mꜣꜣ.ḫr active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
imperfective
mꜣꜣ active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
prospective 3
mꜣꜣ mꜣꜣ potentialis1
mꜣ.kꜣ active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
subjunctive
mꜣ , mꜣn active + .tj 1 , .tw 2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
participles
active
passive
active
passive
perfect
mꜣ.n active + .tj 1 , .tw 2 —
—
perfective
mꜣ active + .tj 1 , .tw 2 mꜣ mꜣ , mꜣw 5 , mꜣy 5
imperfective
mꜣꜣ , mꜣꜣy , mꜣꜣw 5 active + .tj 1 , .tw 2 mꜣꜣ , mꜣꜣj 6 , mꜣꜣy 6 mꜣꜣ , mꜣꜣw 5
prospective
mꜣ , mꜣtj 7 —
mꜣꜣtj 4 , mꜣꜣt 4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f .fj .s .sj .sn .snj .sn
Only in the masculine singular.
Only in the masculine.
Only in the feminine.
Not used before suffix pronouns.
Derived terms Noun m
sight , vision appearance , aspect inspection , supervision , oversight means of recognition Inflection
Declension of mꜣꜣ (masculine)
Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of mꜣꜣ
References Erman, Adolf , Grapow, Hermann (1928 ) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache [1] →ISBN pages 7.1–10.14 Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962 ) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian , Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN page 100 Hannig, Rainer (1997 ) Großes Handwörterbuch Ägyptisch-Deutsch: die Sprache der Pharaonen (2800–950 v. Chr.) (Hannig-Lexica; 1), second edition, Mainz: Verlag Philipp von Zabern, →ISBN 314 James P[eter] Allen (2010 ) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs , 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN pages 156, 164–165, 228, 249, 267–268, 314 Hoch, James (1997 ) Middle Egyptian Grammar , Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN page 41 
