manduco

See also: manducó and manducò

Catalan

Verb

manduco

1. first-person singular present indicative of manducar

Italian

Verb

manduco

1. first-person singular present indicative of manducare

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /manˈduː.koː/, [män̪ˈd̪uːkoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /manˈdu.ko/, [män̪ˈd̪uːko]

Etymology 1

From mandūcus (“glutton”) +‎ -ō (verb-forming suffix), from mandō (“chew, eat, devour”). The noun mandūcus developed the specialized sense "masked figure with champing jaws".

Verb

mandūcō (present infinitive mandūcāre, perfect active mandūcāvī, supine mandūcātum); first conjugation

1. (Classical Latin, deponent in Old Latin) to chew, gnaw on, masticate
   • c. 100 BCE, Afranius, Fratriae (fragment XVII) in Scaenicae Romanorum Poesis Fragmenta (volume II), Otto Ribbeck (editor), Bibliotheca Teubneriana, Leipzig 1852, page 159:

     […] facile mandūcārī quī potest.

     […] whoever can chew on it easily.

   • c. 45 BCE, Varro, De lingua Latina 7.95:

     Dictum mandier ā mandendō, unde mandūcārī […]

     Here mandier comes from mandō, whence also comes mandūcārī […]

   • 63 CE – 65 CE, Seneca the Younger, Epistulae morales ad Lucilium 95.27:

     In cēnā fit quod fierī dēbēbat in ventre: expectō iam ut mandūcāta pōnantur.

     What should be done in my stomach is now done on the table: already I expect chewed things to be placed there.

2. (Late Latin, colloquial in Classical Latin) to eat
   • c. 69 CE – 122 CE, Suetonius, De vita Caesarum 2 76.period2:

     Verba ipsīus ex epistulīs sunt: […] Nē Iūdaeus quidem, mī Tiberī, tam dīligenter sabbatīs ieiunium servat quam ego hodiē servāvī, quī in balineō dēmum post hōram prīmam noctis duās buccās mandūcāvī prius quam unguī inciperem.

     His [‌Augustus’s] own words from his letters are: […] Not even a Jew, my dear Tiberius, does the Saturday fasting as I did today, now that, at the baths, I finally ate a couple snacks at the first hour of the night, before starting with the cleaning oil.

   • c. 27 CE – 66 CE, Petronius, Satyricon 56.4:

     Nam mūtae bēstiae labōriōsissimae bovēs et ovēs: bovēs, quōrum beneficiō pānem mandūcāmus; ovēs, quod lānā illae nōs glōriōsōs faciunt.

     Oxen and sheep are quiet beasts that work exceedingly well: we eat bread as a benefit from oxen, and sheep make us look glorious with their wool.

   • 4th C. CE, Saint Jerome, Vulgate, Mark 14:22:

     Et mandūcantibus illīs, accēpit Iēsūs pānem, et benedīcēns frēgit, et dedit eīs, et ait, “Sūmite; hoc est corpus meum”.

     And as they were eating, Jesus took some bread, and broke it while blessing it, and gave it to them saying, “Take it; this is my body”.

Conjugation

Conjugation of mandūcō (first conjugation)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	mandūcō	mandūcās	mandūcat	mandūcāmus	mandūcātis	mandūcant
	imperfect	mandūcābam	mandūcābās	mandūcābat	mandūcābāmus	mandūcābātis	mandūcābant
	future	mandūcābō	mandūcābis	mandūcābit	mandūcābimus	mandūcābitis	mandūcābunt
	perfect	mandūcāvī	mandūcāvistī	mandūcāvit	mandūcāvimus	mandūcāvistis	mandūcāvērunt, mandūcāvēre
	pluperfect	mandūcāveram	mandūcāverās	mandūcāverat	mandūcāverāmus	mandūcāverātis	mandūcāverant
	future perfect	mandūcāverō	mandūcāveris	mandūcāverit	mandūcāverimus	mandūcāveritis	mandūcāverint
passive	present	mandūcor	mandūcāris, mandūcāre	mandūcātur	mandūcāmur	mandūcāminī	mandūcantur
	imperfect	mandūcābar	mandūcābāris, mandūcābāre	mandūcābātur	mandūcābāmur	mandūcābāminī	mandūcābantur
	future	mandūcābor	mandūcāberis, mandūcābere	mandūcābitur	mandūcābimur	mandūcābiminī	mandūcābuntur
	perfect	mandūcātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	mandūcātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	mandūcātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	mandūcem	mandūcēs	mandūcet	mandūcēmus	mandūcētis	mandūcent
	imperfect	mandūcārem	mandūcārēs	mandūcāret	mandūcārēmus	mandūcārētis	mandūcārent
	perfect	mandūcāverim	mandūcāverīs	mandūcāverit	mandūcāverīmus	mandūcāverītis	mandūcāverint
	pluperfect	mandūcāvissem	mandūcāvissēs	mandūcāvisset	mandūcāvissēmus	mandūcāvissētis	mandūcāvissent
passive	present	mandūcer	mandūcēris, mandūcēre	mandūcētur	mandūcēmur	mandūcēminī	mandūcentur
	imperfect	mandūcārer	mandūcārēris, mandūcārēre	mandūcārētur	mandūcārēmur	mandūcārēminī	mandūcārentur
	perfect	mandūcātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	mandūcātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	mandūcā	—	—	mandūcāte	—
	future	—	mandūcātō	mandūcātō	—	mandūcātōte	mandūcantō
passive	present	—	mandūcāre	—	—	mandūcāminī	—
	future	—	mandūcātor	mandūcātor	—	—	mandūcantor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		mandūcāre	mandūcāvisse	mandūcātūrum esse	mandūcārī	mandūcātum esse	mandūcātum īrī
participles		mandūcāns	—	mandūcātūrus	—	mandūcātus	mandūcandus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		mandūcandī	mandūcandō	mandūcandum	mandūcandō	mandūcātum	mandūcātū

Descendants

• Balkan Romance:
  • Aromanian: mãc, mãcari
  • Istro-Romanian: măncå
  • Megleno-Romanian: mănǫnc, mǫnc, măncare
  • Romanian: mânca
• Italo-Romance:
  • Central Italian: magnà
  • Corsican: manghjà
  • Italian: manducare, manucare, manicare (archaic or literary)
  • Neapolitan: magnà
  • Sicilian: manciari
• North Italian: (many borrowed from OFr. mangier)
  • Gallo-Italic:
    • Emilian: mangiar, manger, magnar, magner
    • Ligurian: mangiâ
    • Lombard: mangiar, maiar, magnar
    • Piedmontese: mangé
    • Romagnol: magner
  • Friulian: mangjâ
  • Istriot: magnà
  • Romansch: mangiar
  • Venetan: magnar
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Franco-Provençal: mengiér
  • Old French: mangier (see there for further descendants)
• Occitano-Romance
  • Gascon: minjar, minhar
  • Old Occitan: menjar
    • Occitan: manjar
  • Catalan: menjar
  • Aragonese: minchar
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: mandicare, mandigare
• ⇒ Vulgar Latin:
  • *dismandūcō
    • French: démanger
    • Piedmontese: dzmangé
  • *exmandūcō
    • Emilian: smangiar
    • Ligurian: smangiâ
    • Lombard: smangiar
    • Piedmontese: smangié
• Borrowings:
  • → English: manducate
  • → Interlingua: manducar
  • → Portuguese: manducar
  • → Spanish: manducar

Etymology 2

mandūcō +‎ -ō (suffix forming agent nouns).

Noun

mandūcō m (genitive mandūcōnis); third declension (rare)

1. glutton

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	mandūcō	mandūcōnēs
Genitive	mandūcōnis	mandūcōnum
Dative	mandūcōnī	mandūcōnibus
Accusative	mandūcōnem	mandūcōnēs
Ablative	mandūcōne	mandūcōnibus
Vocative	mandūcō	mandūcōnēs

References

• AIS: Sprach- und Sachatlas Italiens und der Südschweiz [Linguistic and Ethnographic Atlas of Italy and Southern Switzerland] – map 680: “se ti pizzica” – on navigais-web.pd.istc.cnr.it
• De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “mandō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 362
• “mandūcō” in volume 8, column 273, line 72 in the Thesaurus Linguae Latinae (TLL Open Access), Berlin (formerly Leipzig): De Gruyter (formerly Teubner), 1900–present
• Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm (1911) “manducare”, in Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), page 384
• prudere in Dizionario dei Dialetti
• prudere in TIG

Further reading

• “manduco”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• manduco in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• manduco in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mɐ̃ˈdu.ku/

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Konkani [script needed] (māṇḍūk), from Sanskrit मण्डूक (maṇḍūka).

Noun

manduco m (plural manducos)

1. (India, Macau) a species of edible freshwater frog

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Kabuverdianu manduku.

Noun

manduco m (plural manducos)

1. (Africa, especially Cape Verde) club (heavy stick used as a weapon)

   Synonyms: cajado, cacete, porrete

Spanish

Verb

manduco

1. first-person singular present indicative of manducar