miga

See also: migá, míga, Miga, and MIGA

Cebuano

Etymology

Initial clipping of amiga.

Pronunciation

• Hyphenation: mi‧ga

Noun

miga

1. a female friend
2. an address to a female friend; a friendly placeholder name for a person one does not know

Galician

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese, from Latin mīca (“crumb”), from Proto-Italic *smīkā, from Proto-Indo-European *smeyg- (“small, thin, delicate”). Compare the borrowed doublet mica. Cognate with Portuguese miga and Spanish miga.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈmiɣa̝/

Noun

miga f (plural migas)

1. crumb (small piece)

   Synonyms: migalla, fragulla, faragulla, miaxón, molo, mincalla, magoto

2. crumb (the soft internal portion of bread)

   Synonyms: miolo, rafa

3. a trifle; a little

   Synonyms: migalla, lisca, nisquiño, chinca

   Cunha miguiña de sorte aínda chegaremos a tempo. ― With a little luck we'll be arriving just in time.

4. a little time

   Marchamos daquí a unha miga. ― We are leaving in a moment.

Derived terms

• migalla
• migar
• nin miga

References

• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “miga”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “miga”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “miga”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

Etymology 2

Verb

miga

1. inflection of migar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈmɪːɣa/

  Rhymes: -ɪːɣa

Noun

miga f (genitive singular migu, nominative plural migur)

1. (vulgar) the act of pissing
2. (vulgar) piss, urine

Declension

Declension of miga (feminine)

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	miga	migan	migur	migurnar
accusative	migu	miguna	migur	migurnar
dative	migu	migunni	migum	migunum
genitive	migu	migunnar	migna, miga	mignanna, miganna

Norwegian Nynorsk

Alternative forms

• mige (e and split infinitives)

Etymology

From Old Norse míga, from Proto-Germanic *mīganą, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃méyǵʰeti, from the root *h₃meyǵʰ- (“to urinate”).

Verb

miga (present tense mig, past tense meig, supine mige, past participle migen, present participle migande, imperative mig)

1. (ambitransitive, mildly vulgar) to piss

   Synonyms: urinera, lata vatn, pissa, tissa

Derived terms

• mighus (“horse foreskin”)

Noun

miga n

1. definite plural of mig

References

• “miga” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• 𑀫𑀺𑀕 (Brahmi script)
• मिग (Devanagari script)
• মিগ (Bengali script)
• මිග (Sinhalese script)
• မိဂ or မိၷ (Burmese script)
• มิค or มิคะ (Thai script)
• ᨾᩥᨣ (Tai Tham script)
• ມິຄ or ມິຄະ (Lao script)
• មិគ (Khmer script)
• 𑄟𑄨𑄉 (Chakma script)

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit मृग (mṛga, “wild beast”), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *mr̥gás.

Noun

miga m

1. beast
2. quadruped
3. deer

Declension

Declension table of "miga" (masculine)

Case \ Number	Singular	Plural
Nominative (first)	migo	migā
Accusative (second)	migaṃ	mige
Instrumental (third)	migena	migehi or migebhi
Dative (fourth)	migassa or migāya or migatthaṃ	migānaṃ
Ablative (fifth)	migasmā or migamhā or migā	migehi or migebhi
Genitive (sixth)	migassa	migānaṃ
Locative (seventh)	migasmiṃ or migamhi or mige	migesu
Vocative (calling)	miga	migā

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈmi.ɡa/
• Rhymes: -iɡa
• Syllabification: mi‧ga

Verb

miga

1. third-person singular present of migać

Portuguese

migas (2)

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈmi.ɡɐ/

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈmi.ɡɐ/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈmi.ɡa/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈmi.ɡɐ/ [ˈmi.ɣɐ]

• Hyphenation: mi‧ga

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese miga, from Latin mīca (“crumb”), from Proto-Italic *smīkā, from Proto-Indo-European *smeyg- (“small, thin, delicate”). Compare the borrowed doublet mica.

Noun

miga f (plural migas)

1. crumb (small piece of bread, biscuit, cake, etc)

   Synonym: migalha

2. (in the plural, cooking) a traditional Iberian dish consisting of leftover bread and various ingredients

Etymology 2

Clipping of amiga (“female friend”).

Noun

miga f (plural migas, masculine migo, masculine plural migos)

1. (endearing, chiefly women's speech) female friend

Further reading

• “miga”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “miga”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Serbo-Croatian

Noun

miga (Cyrillic spelling мига)

1. genitive singular of mig

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈmiɡa/ [ˈmi.ɣ̞a]

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -iɡa
• Syllabification: mi‧ga

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Spanish miga, from Latin mīca (“crumb”), from Proto-Italic *smīkā, from Proto-Indo-European *smeyg- (“small, thin, delicate”). Compare the borrowed doublet mica. Cognate with English mica.

Noun

miga f (plural migas)

1. crumb (small piece which breaks off from baked food)

   Synonym: migaja

2. the soft interior part of bread beneath the crust
3. essence, core (most significant feature of something)
4. crumb, bit (small amount)

Derived terms

• desmigajar
• hacer buenas migas
• migaja
• migajón
• tener su miga

Etymology 2

Verb

miga

1. inflection of migar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Further reading

• “miga”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish mīgha, from Old Norse míga, from Proto-Germanic *mīganą, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃méyǵʰeti, from the root *h₃meyǵʰ- (“to urinate”).

Verb

miga (present miger, preterite meg or migde, supine migit, imperative mig)

1. (ambitransitive, obsolete) to piss

   Synonyms: kissa, pissa, urinera, kasta vatten

Conjugation

Conjugation of miga (class 2 strong)

	active		passive
infinitive	miga		—
supine	migit		—
imperative	mig		—
imper. plural1	migen		—
	present	past	present	past
indicative	miger	meg	—	—
ind. plural1	miga	mego	—	—
subjunctive2	mige	mege	—	—
present participle		migande
past participle		migen

¹ Archaic. ² Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

Conjugation of miga (weak)

	active		passive
infinitive	miga		—
supine	migt		—
imperative	mig		—
imper. plural1	migen		—
	present	past	present	past
indicative	miger	migde	—	—
ind. plural1	miga	migde	—	—
subjunctive2	mige	migde	—	—
present participle		migande
past participle		migd

¹ Archaic. ² Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs.

References

• “miga”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)

Tooro

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /míɡa/

Verb

-miga (infinitive okumiga) (transitive)

1. to squeeze, to wring

   Synonym: -kamuura

   Hyponyms: -kama (“to milk”), -junga (“to squeeze juice out”)

2. (of clothing) to not fit someone

   Synonym: -funda (intransitive verb)

Conjugation

Conjugation of -miga

infinitives affirmative okumiga negative okutamiga imperatives affirmative miga negative (see second-person negative subjunctive forms) tense polarity basic forms relative forms1 present habitual affirmative subject concord + -miga person noun class singular plural first person mmiga tumiga second person omiga mumiga third person 1/2 amiga bamiga 3/4 gumiga emiga 5/6 limiga gamiga 7/8 kimiga bimiga 9/10 emiga zimiga 11/10 rumiga 12/14 kamiga bumiga 13 — tumiga 14/6 bumiga gamiga 15/6 kumiga 16 hamiga — negative ti- + subject concord + -miga person noun class singular plural first person timmiga titumiga second person tomiga timumiga third person 1/2 tamiga tibamiga 3/4 tigumiga temiga 5/6 tirimiga tigamiga 7/8 tikimiga tibimiga 9/10 temiga tizimiga 11/10 tirumiga 12/14 tikamiga tibumiga 13 — titumiga 14/6 tibumiga tigamiga 15/6 tikumiga 16 tihamiga — subject concord + -tamiga present continuous affirmative ni- + subject concord + -miga person noun class singular plural first person nimmiga nitumiga second person noomiga nimumiga third person 1/2 naamiga nibamiga 3/4 nigumiga neemiga 5/6 nirimiga nigamiga 7/8 nikimiga nibimiga 9/10 neemiga nizimiga 11/10 nirumiga 12/14 nikamiga nibumiga 13 — nitumiga 14/6 nibumiga nigamiga 15/6 nikumiga 16 nihamiga — subject concord + -rukumiga negative ti- + subject concord + -rukumiga person noun class singular plural first person tindukumiga titurukumiga second person torukumiga timurukumiga third person 1/2 tarukumiga tibarukumiga 3/4 tigurukumiga terukumiga 5/6 tirirukumiga tigarukumiga 7/8 tikirukumiga tibirukumiga 9/10 terukumiga tizirukumiga 11/10 tirurukumiga 12/14 tikarukumiga tiburukumiga 13 — titurukumiga 14/6 tiburukumiga tigarukumiga 15/6 tikurukumiga 16 tiharukumiga — subject concord + -tarukumiga present continuative affirmative ni- + subject concord + -kyamiga person noun class singular plural first person ninkyamiga nitukyamiga second person nookyamiga nimukyamiga third person 1/2 naakyamiga nibakyamiga 3/4 nigukyamiga neekyamiga 5/6 nirikyamiga nigakyamiga 7/8 nikikyamiga nibikyamiga 9/10 neekyamiga nizikyamiga 11/10 nirukyamiga 12/14 nikakyamiga nibukyamiga 13 — nitukyamiga 14/6 nibukyamiga nigakyamiga 15/6 nikukyamiga 16 nihakyamiga — subject concord + -rukukyamiga negative ti- + subject concord + -kyamiga person noun class singular plural first person tinkyamiga titukyamiga second person tokyamiga timukyamiga third person 1/2 takyamiga tibakyamiga 3/4 tigukyamiga tekyamiga 5/6 tirikyamiga tigakyamiga 7/8 tikikyamiga tibikyamiga 9/10 tekyamiga tizikyamiga 11/10 tirukyamiga 12/14 tikakyamiga tibukyamiga 13 — titukyamiga 14/6 tibukyamiga tigakyamiga 15/6 tikukyamiga 16 tihakyamiga — subject concord + -takyamiga virtual present affirmative subject concord + -amiga person noun class singular plural first person namiga twamiga second person wamiga mwamiga third person 1/2 yamiga baamiga 3/4 gwamiga yamiga 5/6 lyamiga gaamiga 7/8 kyamiga byamiga 9/10 yamiga zaamiga 11/10 rwamiga 12/14 kaamiga bwamiga 13 — twamiga 14/6 bwamiga gaamiga 15/6 kwamiga 16 haamiga — negative ti- + subject concord + amiga person noun class singular plural first person tinamiga titwamiga second person tiwamiga timwamiga third person 1/2 tiyamiga tibaamiga 3/4 tigwamiga tiyamiga 5/6 tiryamiga tigaamiga 7/8 tikyamiga tibyamiga 9/10 tiyamiga tizaamiga 11/10 tirwamiga 12/14 tikaamiga tibwamiga 13 — titwamiga 14/6 tibwamiga tigaamiga 15/6 tikwamiga 16 tihaamiga — subject concord + -taamiga present perfect affirmative subject concord + -migire person noun class singular plural first person mmigire tumigire second person omigire mumigire third person 1/2 amigire bamigire 3/4 gumigire emigire 5/6 limigire gamigire 7/8 kimigire bimigire 9/10 emigire zimigire 11/10 rumigire 12/14 kamigire bumigire 13 — tumigire 14/6 bumigire gamigire 15/6 kumigire 16 hamigire — negative ti- + subject concord + -migire person noun class singular plural first person timmigire titumigire second person tomigire timumigire third person 1/2 tamigire tibamigire 3/4 tigumigire temigire 5/6 tirimigire tigamigire 7/8 tikimigire tibimigire 9/10 temigire tizimigire 11/10 tirumigire 12/14 tikamigire tibumigire 13 — titumigire 14/6 tibumigire tigamigire 15/6 tikumigire 16 tihamigire — subject concord + -tamigire near perfective affirmative subject concord + -akamiga person noun class singular plural first person nakamiga twakamiga second person wakamiga mwakamiga third person 1/2 yakamiga baakamiga 3/4 gwakamiga yakamiga 5/6 lyakamiga gaakamiga 7/8 kyakamiga byakamiga 9/10 yakamiga zaakamiga 11/10 rwakamiga 12/14 kaakamiga bwakamiga 13 — twakamiga 14/6 bwakamiga gaakamiga 15/6 kwakamiga 16 haakamiga — negative ti- + subject concord + -kamigire person noun class singular plural first person tinkamigire titukamigire second person tokamigire timukamigire third person 1/2 takamigire tibakamigire 3/4 tigukamigire tekamigire 5/6 tirikamigire tigakamigire 7/8 tikikamigire tibikamigire 9/10 tekamigire tizikamigire 11/10 tirukamigire 12/14 tikakamigire tibukamigire 13 — titukamigire 14/6 tibukamigire tigakamigire 15/6 tikukamigire 16 tihakamigire — subject concord + -takamigire near past affirmative subject concord + -migirege person noun class singular plural first person mmigirege tumigirege second person omigirege mumigirege third person 1/2 amigirege bamigirege 3/4 gumigirege emigirege 5/6 limigirege gamigirege 7/8 kimigirege bimigirege 9/10 emigirege zimigirege 11/10 rumigirege 12/14 kamigirege bumigirege 13 — tumigirege 14/6 bumigirege gamigirege 15/6 kumigirege 16 hamigirege — negative ti- + subject concord + -migirege person noun class singular plural first person timmigirege titumigirege second person tomigirege timumigirege third person 1/2 tamigirege tibamigirege 3/4 tigumigirege temigirege 5/6 tirimigirege tigamigirege 7/8 tikimigirege tibimigirege 9/10 temigirege tizimigirege 11/10 tirumigirege 12/14 tikamigirege tibumigirege 13 — titumigirege 14/6 tibumigirege tigamigirege 15/6 tikumigirege 16 tihamigirege — subject concord + -tamigirege remote past affirmative subject concord + -kamiga person noun class singular plural first person nkamiga tukamiga second person okamiga mukamiga third person 1/2 akamiga bakamiga 3/4 gukamiga ekamiga 5/6 likamiga gakamiga 7/8 kikamiga bikamiga 9/10 ekamiga zikamiga 11/10 rukamiga 12/14 kakamiga bukamiga 13 — tukamiga 14/6 bukamiga gakamiga 15/6 kukamiga 16 hakamiga — subject concord + -amigire negative subject concord + -tamige person noun class singular plural first person ntamige tutamige second person otamige mutamige third person 1/2 atamige batamige 3/4 gutamige etamige 5/6 litamige gatamige 7/8 kitamige bitamige 9/10 etamige ziitamige 11/10 rutamige 12/14 katamige butamige 13 — tutamige 14/6 butamige gatamige 15/6 kutamige 16 hatamige — subject concord + -taramigire experiential perfective affirmative subject concord + -ramigire person noun class singular plural first person ndamigire turamigire second person oramigire muramigire third person 1/2 aramigire baramigire 3/4 guramigire eramigire 5/6 liramigire garamigire 7/8 kiramigire biramigire 9/10 eramigire ziramigire 11/10 ruramigire 12/14 karamigire buramigire 13 — turamigire 14/6 buramigire garamigire 15/6 kuramigire 16 haramigire — negative ti- + subject concord + -kamigaga person noun class singular plural first person tinkamigaga titukamigaga second person tokamigaga timukamigaga third person 1/2 takamigaga tibakamigaga 3/4 tigukamigaga tekamigaga 5/6 tirikamigaga tigakamigaga 7/8 tikikamigaga tibikamigaga 9/10 tekamigaga tizikamigaga 11/10 tirukamigaga 12/14 tikakamigaga tibukamigaga 13 — titukamigaga 14/6 tibukamigaga tigakamigaga 15/6 tikukamigaga 16 tihakamigaga — subject concord + -takamigaga cessative perfective affirmative subject concord + -aamigire person noun class singular plural first person naamigire twamigire second person waamigire mwamigire third person 1/2 yaamigire baamigire 3/4 gwamigire yaamigire 5/6 lyamigire gaamigire 7/8 kyamigire byamigire 9/10 yaamigire zaamigire 11/10 rwamigire 12/14 kaamigire bwamigire 13 — twamigire 14/6 bwamigire gaamigire 15/6 kwamigire 16 haamigire — past habitual affirmative subject concord + -amigaga person noun class singular plural first person namigaga twamigaga second person wamigaga mwamigaga third person 1/2 yamigaga baamigaga 3/4 gwamigaga yamigaga 5/6 lyamigaga gaamigaga 7/8 kyamigaga byamigaga 9/10 yamigaga zaamigaga 11/10 rwamigaga 12/14 kaamigaga bwamigaga 13 — twamigaga 14/6 bwamigaga gaamigaga 15/6 kwamigaga 16 haamigaga — negative ti- + subject concord + amigaga person noun class singular plural first person tinamigaga titwamigaga second person tiwamigaga timwamigaga third person 1/2 tiyamigaga tibaamigaga 3/4 tigwamigaga tiyamigaga 5/6 tiryamigaga tigaamigaga 7/8 tikyamigaga tibyamigaga 9/10 tiyamigaga tizaamigaga 11/10 tirwamigaga 12/14 tikaamigaga tibwamigaga 13 — titwamigaga 14/6 tibwamigaga tigaamigaga 15/6 tikwamigaga 16 tihaamigaga — subject concord + -taamigaga near future affirmative subject concord + -raamiga person noun class singular plural first person ndaamiga turaamiga second person oraamiga muraamiga third person 1/2 araamiga baraamiga 3/4 guraamiga eraamiga 5/6 liraamiga garaamiga 7/8 kiraamiga biraamiga 9/10 eraamiga ziraamiga 11/10 ruraamiga 12/14 karaamiga buraamiga 13 — turaamiga 14/6 buraamiga garaamiga 15/6 kuraamiga 16 haraamiga — negative ti- + subject concord + -aamige person noun class singular plural first person tinaamige titwamige second person tiwaamige timwamige third person 1/2 tiyaamige tibaamige 3/4 tigwamige tiyaamige 5/6 tiryamige tigaamige 7/8 tikyamige tibyamige 9/10 tiyaamige tizaamige 11/10 tirwamige 12/14 tikaamige tibwamige 13 — titwamige 14/6 tibwamige tigaamige 15/6 tikwamige 16 tihaamige — subject concord + -taamige remote future affirmative subject concord + -limiga person noun class singular plural first person ndimiga tulimiga second person olimiga mulimiga third person 1/2 alimiga balimiga 3/4 gulimiga erimiga 5/6 lirimiga galimiga 7/8 kirimiga birimiga 9/10 erimiga zirimiga 11/10 rulimiga 12/14 kalimiga bulimiga 13 — tulimiga 14/6 bulimiga galimiga 15/6 kulimiga 16 halimiga — negative ti- + subject concord + -limiga person noun class singular plural first person tindimiga titulimiga second person tolimiga timulimiga third person 1/2 talimiga tibalimiga 3/4 tigulimiga terimiga 5/6 tiririmiga tigalimiga 7/8 tikirimiga tibirimiga 9/10 terimiga tizirimiga 11/10 tirulimiga 12/14 tikalimiga tibulimiga 13 — titulimiga 14/6 tibulimiga tigalimiga 15/6 tikulimiga 16 tihalimiga — subject concord + -talimiga future habitual affirmative subject concord + -raamigaga person noun class singular plural first person ndaamigaga turaamigaga second person oraamigaga muraamigaga third person 1/2 araamigaga baraamigaga 3/4 guraamigaga eraamigaga 5/6 liraamigaga garaamigaga 7/8 kiraamigaga biraamigaga 9/10 eraamigaga ziraamigaga 11/10 ruraamigaga 12/14 karaamigaga buraamigaga 13 — turaamigaga 14/6 buraamigaga garaamigaga 15/6 kuraamigaga 16 haraamigaga — negative ti- + subject concord + -aamigege person noun class singular plural first person tinaamigege titwamigege second person tiwaamigege timwamigege third person 1/2 tiyaamigege tibaamigege 3/4 tigwamigege tiyaamigege 5/6 tiryamigege tigaamigege 7/8 tikyamigege tibyamigege 9/10 tiyaamigege tizaamigege 11/10 tirwamigege 12/14 tikaamigege tibwamigege 13 — titwamigege 14/6 tibwamigege tigaamigege 15/6 tikwamigege 16 tihaamigege — subject concord + -taamigege subjunctive affirmative subject concord + mige person noun class singular plural first person mmige tumige second person omige mumige third person 1/2 amige bamige 3/4 gumige emige 5/6 limige gamige 7/8 kimige bimige 9/10 emige zimige 11/10 rumige 12/14 kamige bumige 13 — tumige 14/6 bumige gamige 15/6 kumige 16 hamige — negative subject concord + -tamiga person noun class singular plural first person ntamiga tutamiga second person otamiga mutamiga third person 1/2 atamiga batamiga 3/4 gutamiga etamiga 5/6 litamiga gatamiga 7/8 kitamiga bitamiga 9/10 etamiga zitamiga 11/10 rutamiga 12/14 katamiga butamiga 13 — tutamiga 14/6 butamiga gatamiga 15/6 kutamiga 16 hatamiga — — subjunctive habitual affirmative subject concord + migege person noun class singular plural first person mmigege tumigege second person omigege mumigege third person 1/2 amigege bamigege 3/4 gumigege emigege 5/6 limigege gamigege 7/8 kimigege bimigege 9/10 emigege zimigege 11/10 rumigege 12/14 kamigege bumigege 13 — tumigege 14/6 bumigege gamigege 15/6 kumigege 16 hamigege — hypothetical affirmative subject concord + -aakumiga person noun class singular plural first person naakumiga twakumiga second person waakumiga mwakumiga third person 1/2 yaakumiga baakumiga 3/4 gwakumiga yaakumiga 5/6 lyakumiga gaakumiga 7/8 kyakumiga byakumiga 9/10 yaakumiga zaakumiga 11/10 rwakumiga 12/14 kaakumiga bwakumiga 13 — twakumiga 14/6 bwakumiga gaakumiga 15/6 kwakumiga 16 haakumiga — negative ti- + subject concord + -aakumiga person noun class singular plural first person tinaakumiga titwakumiga second person tiwaakumiga timwakumiga third person 1/2 tiyaakumiga tibaakumiga 3/4 tigwakumiga tiyaakumiga 5/6 tiryakumiga tigaakumiga 7/8 tikyakumiga tibyakumiga 9/10 tiyaakumiga tizaakumiga 11/10 tirwakumiga 12/14 tikaakumiga tibwakumiga 13 — titwakumiga 14/6 tibwakumiga tigaakumiga 15/6 tikwakumiga 16 tihaakumiga — subject concord + -taakumiga conditional affirmative subject concord + -aakumigire person noun class singular plural first person naakumigire twakumigire second person waakumigire mwakumigire third person 1/2 yaakumigire baakumigire 3/4 gwakumigire yaakumigire 5/6 lyakumigire gaakumigire 7/8 kyakumigire byakumigire 9/10 yaakumigire zaakumigire 11/10 rwakumigire 12/14 kaakumigire bwakumigire 13 — twakumigire 14/6 bwakumigire gaakumigire 15/6 kwakumigire 16 haakumigire — negative ti- + subject concord + -aakumigire person noun class singular plural first person tinaakumigire titwakumigire second person tiwaakumigire timwakumigire third person 1/2 tiyaakumigire tibaakumigire 3/4 tigwakumigire tiyaakumigire 5/6 tiryakumigire tigaakumigire 7/8 tikyakumigire tibyakumigire 9/10 tiyaakumigire tizaakumigire 11/10 tirwakumigire 12/14 tikaakumigire tibwakumigire 13 — titwakumigire 14/6 tibwakumigire tigaakumigire 15/6 tikwakumigire 16 tihaakumigire — subject concord + -taakumigire object concords person noun class singular plural first person -mmiga -tumiga second person -kumiga -bamiga third person 1/2 -mumiga 3/4 -gumiga -gimiga 5/6 -limiga -gamiga 7/8 -kimiga -bimiga 9/10 -gimiga -zimiga 11/10 -rumiga 12/14 -kamiga -bumiga 13 — -tumiga 14/6 -bumiga -gamiga 15/6 -kumiga 16 -hamiga —

¹ The forms in this column are reduced relative forms; full relative forms require an augment before the subject concord.

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Applicative: -migira
  • Long causative: -migisa
  • Passive: -migwa
  • Reduplicative: -migamiga

References

• Kaji, Shigeki (2007), A Rutooro Vocabulary‎^[1], Tokyo: Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa (ILCAA), →ISBN, pages 283, 387
• Rubongoya, L. T. (2013), Katondogorozi y'Orunyoro-Rutooro n'Orungereza [Runyoro–Rutooro-English and English-Runyoro–Rutooro dictionary]‎^[2], Kampala: Modrug Publishers, →ISBN, page 232