morning star

See also: morningstar and Morning Star

English

Alternative forms

• morningstar

Etymology

From morning +‎ star. Compare West Frisian moarnstjer, Dutch morgenster, German Morgenstern, Swedish morgonstjärna, Icelandic morgunstjarna.

Noun

morning star (plural morning stars)

1. The planet Venus as observed in the eastern sky around dawn.

   Synonym: Phosphorus

   Antonyms: evening star, Hesperus

   The evening star is the morning star. (Hesperus is Phosphorus.)

   • 1847, Alfred Tennyson, The Princess: A Medley, London: Edward Moxon, […], OCLC 2024748, part III, page 47:

     Morn in the white wake of the morning star / Came furrowing all the orient into gold.

   • 1979, Paul Williams and Kenneth Ascher, “The Rainbow Connection”, The Muppet Movie, Henson Associates and ITC Entertainment

     Who said that every wish would be heard and answered / When wished on the morning star? / Somebody thought of that, and someone believed it / And look what it's done so far.

2. (Christianity, historical Judaism) Lucifer, Satan, the devil.
   • 1978, Bible (New International Version), Isaiah 14:12:

     How you have fallen from heaven,

     morning star, son of the dawn!

     You have been cast down to the earth,

     you who once laid low the nations!

3. (less commonly) The planet Mercury as observed in the eastern sky around dawn.

   Synonym: Apollo

   Antonyms: evening star, Hermes

4. (military) A weapon consisting of a heavy ball set with spikes attached rigidly to a staff, in contrast to a flail.

   Synonyms: holy water sprinkler, morgenstern

   • 1786, Francis Grose, A Treatise on Ancient Armour and Weapons, page 55:

     Contrivances like these, except that the balls were armed with spikes, were long carried by the pioneers of the trained bands, or city militia, they are generally called morning stars.

Translations

planet Venus as seen around dawn

• Arabic: نَجْمَةُ الصَبَاح‎ f (najmatu ṣ-ṣabāḥ)
• Armenian: լուսաստղ (hy) (lusastł)
• Aromanian: lutseafir m
• Bulgarian: Зорница f (Zornica)
• Central Melanau: biteang wab
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 啓明 (këi²ming⁴)

  Mandarin: 启明 (zh) (qǐmíng)

• Czech: jitřenka (cs) f
• Dutch: morgenster (nl) f
• Eastern Bontoc: fiataktakan, fiatakog
• Finnish: aamutähti (fi)
• French: étoile du matin (fr) f
• Galician: luceiro (gl) m, luceiro da mañá m
• German: Morgenstern (de) m
• Gothic: 𐌰𐌿𐌶𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌹𐌻 m (auzandil)
• Greek:

  Ancient: ἑωσφόρος m (heōsphóros)

• Hebrew: הֵילֵל בֶּן שָׁחַר‎ (he) m (helél ben sháḥar), אַיֶּלֶת הַשָׁחַר‎ (he) f (ayélet ha-sháḥar)
• Ilocano: baggak ti agsapa
• Irish: réalta na maidine f
• Italian: stella del mattino (it) m, lucifero m

• Japanese: 明けの明星 (ja) (ake no myōjō)
• Korean: 샛별 (ko) (saetbyeol)
• Latin: lūcifer, phōsphorus (la)
• Lubuagan Kalinga: ambigaton
• Macedonian: Деница f (Denica), Зорница f (Zornica)
• Malay: bintang barat, bintang johar, bintang kejora, bintang pagi, bintang timur, bintang Zuhrah
• Maori: Kōpū, Tāwera
• Navajo: sǫʼtsoh, sǫʼtsoh łigaii, sǫʼ doo ńdízídí
• Old English: ēarendel
• Polish: Jutrzenka (pl) f
• Portuguese: estrela d'alva (pt) f
• Romanian: luceafăr (ro), luceafărul de dimineață
• Russian: у́тренняя звезда́ f (útrennjaja zvezdá), денни́ца (ru) f (denníca)
• Scottish Gaelic: reul na maidne f
• Slovak: zornička f, zornica f
• Southern Kalinga: amfikaton
• Spanish: lucero del alba m, estrella del alba f, lucífero (es) m
• Swedish: morgonstjärna (sv) c
• Tagalog: tala sa umaga
• Thai: ดาวประกายพรึก (daao-bprà-gaai-prʉ́k)
• Yiddish: מאָרגנשטערן‎ m (morgnshtern)

spiked weapon on staff

• Czech: kropáč (cs) m, morgenštern
• Danish: morgenstjerne
• Dutch: morgenster (nl) f
• Finnish: aamutähti (fi), piikkinuija
• French: étoile du matin (fr)
• German: Morgenstern (de) m
• Italian: mazza ferrata f, stella del mattino (it) f
• Japanese: モーニングスター (mōningu sutā)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: morgenstjerne m or f

  Nynorsk: morgonstjerne f

• Polish: gwiazda poranna, morgenstern, morgensztern
• Portuguese: maça de espinhos f
• Russian: моргенште́рн (ru) m (morgenštérn)
• Serbo-Croatian: јутарње звезде
• Slovene: buzdovan
• Spanish: lucero del alba m
• Swedish: morgonstjärna (sv)
• Vietnamese: chùy gai

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables, removing any numbers. Numbers do not necessarily match those in definitions. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Italian: ^{(please verify)} stella del mattino (it) m, ^{(please verify)} mazza ferrata f
• Japanese: ^{(please verify)} モーニングスター (mōningu sutā)

• Romanian: ^{(please verify)} luceafărul de dimineață

See also

• (spiked weapon on staff): mace, truncheon

Further reading

• morning star on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• morning star (weapon) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
• Phosphorus (morning star) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia