muir

See also: Muir

Irish

Etymology

PIE word
*móri

From Old Irish muir, from Proto-Celtic *mori (compare Welsh môr), from Proto-Indo-European *móri (compare Latin mare, English mere, German Meer, Dutch meer).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mˠɪɾʲ/

Noun

muir f (genitive singular mara, nominative plural mara)

1. sea

   Ní fhanann muir le fear sotail. (proverb)

   Time and tide wait for no man.

   (literally, “The sea doesn’t wait for an arrogant man.”)

   Synonym: farraige

2. (astronomy) mare

Declension

Declension of muir

Third declension

Bare forms: Case Singular Plural Nominative muir mara Vocative a mhuir a mhara Genitive mara mara Dative muir mara

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Plural Nominative an mhuir na mara Genitive na mara na mara Dative leis an muir don mhuir leis na mara

Derived terms

• ainmhí mara
• amharc mara
• anfa mara
• aoibhneas mara agus tíre
• ar mhuir na beatha
• ar muir
• ar muir agus ar tír
• ascaill mhara
• barr láin mhara
• basán mara
• bealach mara
• beatha mhara
• bláth mara
• bó mhara
• caise mhara
• cáitheadh mara
• caonach mara
• caoróg mhara
• cat mara
• cnuasach mara agus tíre
• cogadh mara
• coireán mara
• comhrac mara
• corr mhara
• crosóg mhara
• cuán mara
• de mhuir agus de thír
• dobhrán mara
• doingean mara
• dord mara
• dreancaid mhara
• dul thar muir
• éalú mara agus trá
• éan mara
• éanlaith mhara
• eascann mhara
• feadóg mhara
• féar mara
• feighlí mara
• fiach mara
• foghlaí mara
• fomhuireán
• gaoth mhara
• géag den mhuir
• glac mhara
• glaoch na mara
• glas (na) mara
• gluaiseacht na mara
• grinneall na mara
• iar muir
• iasc mara
• imeall mara
• iolar mara
• lán mara (“(flood) tide; high tide”)
• lán mara rabharta
• lao mara
• leac mhara
• léibheann mara
• long mhara
• luchóg mhara
• maighdean mhara
• meacan mara
• méan mara
• Meánmhuir (“Mediterranean Sea”)
• méara mara
• meathán mara
• meirleach (na) mara
• míolta mara agus tíre
• monghar na mara
• mórmhuir
• muc mhara
• Muir Bhailt (“Baltic Sea”)
• Muir Bhán (“White Sea”)
• muir bhraonach (“ocean flood, wide ocean”)
• Muir Bhuí (“Yellow Sea”)
• Muir Chaisp (“Caspian Sea”)
• Muir Dhubh (“Black Sea”)
• Muir Éireann
• muir ilchríochach
• muir intíre
• muir lonn
• Muir Mharbh (“Dead Sea”)
• Muir Mheann (“Irish Sea”)
• muir mhór (“open sea, ocean”)
• Muir Rua (“Red Sea”)
• muir scairbhe
• muir théachta
• Muir Theas (“South Sea”)
• Muir Thuaidh (“North Sea”)
• muirbhealach
• muirbhréid
• muirbhrúcht
• muirchairt
• muirchath
• muirchumhacht
• muirchur
• muirdhreach
• muireitleán
• muireolaí
• muireolaíocht
• muirgha
• muirghalar
• muirghéag
• muirghlas
• muirí
• muiriathrán
• muiricín
• muirín
• muirmhíle
• muirmhúr
• muiroighear
• muirphictiúr
• muirshaothrú (“mariculture”)
• murlach mara
• nathair mhara
• nimfeach mhara
• Oileáin Mhuir nIocht (“Channel Islands”)
• oileán mara
• ollphéist mhara
• pas mara
• pearóid mhara
• péist mhara
• planda mara
• radharc mara
• raic mhara
• rith mara
• sábh mara
• saoiste mara
• scian mhara
• seabhac mara
• seol mara
• sionnach mara
• slata mara
• sléibhte mara
• sliogán mara
• snáth mara
• snáthaid mhara
• spéirlint mhara
• thar muir
• toireasc mara
• tóithíní muca mara
• tonn mhara

 

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
muir	mhuir	not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “muir”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “muir”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Entries containing “muir” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
• Entries containing “muir” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
• Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 44

Manx

Noun

muir f (genitive singular marrey, plural muiraghyn)

1. Alternative form of mooir

Mutation

Manx mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
muir	vuir	unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *mori.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [murʲ]

Noun

muir n (genitive moro or mora, nominative plural muire)

1. sea
   • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 81^a4

     inna fudumnai in moro

     the depths of the sea

   • c. 800–825, Diarmait, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 126^a4

     arna té .i. féith forsna muire

     so that it may not go, i.e. a calm over the seas

   • c. 808, Félire Oengusso, published in Félire Óengusso Céli Dé: The Martyrology of Oengus the Culdee (1905, Harrison & Sons), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes, June 21

     Ainle sochla slúagach, fris mbrúchta muir mílach,

     Ainle the famous and hostful, against whom the animal-filled sea bursts forth,

Inflection

Neuter i-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	muirN	muirN	muireL
Vocative	muirN	muirN	muireL
Accusative	muirN	muirN	muireL
Genitive	moroH, moraH	moroH, moraH	muireN
Dative	muirL	muirib	muirib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Derived terms

• muirbolc (“inlet”)
• mucc mora (“dolphin”)
• Muir Robur (“the Red Sea”)

Descendants

• Middle Irish: muir
  • Irish: muir
  • Manx: mooir
  • Scottish Gaelic: muir

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
muir also mmuir after a proclitic	muir pronounced with /ṽ(ʲ)-/	unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “muir”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

Scots

Alternative forms

• mure, more, mor, moir
• mair (South Scots)

Etymology

From Middle English more, from Old English mōr, from Proto-Germanic *mōraz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [møːr], [myːr], [meːr], [miːr], [mjuːr]

Noun

muir (plural muirs)

1. moor
   • 1902, John Buchan, The Outgoing of the Tide

     This man, so gallant and braw, would never be for her; doubtless the fine suit and the capering horse were for Joan o' the Croft's pleasure. And he, in turn, when he remarked her wan cheeks and dowie eyes, had mind to what the dark man said on the muir, and saw in her a maid sworn to no mortal love.

Derived terms

• muir cheeper
• muir foul
• Muir of Ord
• muir-deuk
• muirbaund
• muirburn

 

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

PIE word
*móri

From Old Irish muir, from Proto-Celtic *mori (compare Welsh môr), from Proto-Indo-European *móri (compare Latin mare, English mere, German Meer, Dutch meer).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /murʲ/

Noun

muir m or f (genitive singular mara, plural marannan)

1. sea, ocean

   Lean mi thar na mara thu. ― I followed thee over the sea.

   air muir 's air tìr ― by sea and by land

2. wave
3. pl large billows
4. f worry, discomposure, mental suffering

   Nach ann air a tha a' mhuir an diugh! ― How troubled he is today!

   Tha muir ort an diugh, a Dhòmhnaill. ― You are in the dolours today, Donald.

Usage notes

• The nominative can be either masculine or feminine, the genitive is usually feminine.
• muir and cuan are common words for sea and ocean respectively. fairge, on the other hand, is a poetic term that implies the rough sea.

Synonyms

• (sea, ocean): cuan, fairge

Derived terms

• A' Mhuir a Tuath f (“the North Sea”)
• A' Mhuir Mheadhanach f (“the Mediterranean Sea”)
• àirde-mara f (“sea level”)
• bu dual do dh'isean an ròin a dhol chun na mara (“like father, like son”)
• cathadh-mara m (“spindrift”)
• cluas-mhara (“abalone”)
• cumhachd mara m or f (“tidal energy”)
• each-mara m (“walrus”)
• frith-mhuir f (“saltwater loch”)
• innis-mhuir f (“archipelago”)
• iolair-mhara f (“sea eagle”)
• ìsle-mhara (“low tide”)
• làn-mara m (“high tide”)
• maighdeann-mhara f (“mermaid, sea-nymph”)
• mìle-mara m (“nautical mile; knot”)
• muc-mhara f (“whale”)
• Muir Lochlainn f (“North Sea”)
• muir-làn m (“high tide”)
• muir-thìreach (“amphibious”, adjective)
• muir-thìreach m (“amphibian”)
• turas-mara m (“sea voyage”)

 

Mutation

Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical	Lenition
muir	mhuir
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

• Edward Dwelly (1911), “muir”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “muir”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language