murus

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin mūrus (“wall”).

Noun

murus (plural muri)

1. A wall. (Can we add an example for this sense?)
2. (palynology) A pattern-forming ridge on the surface of a pollen grain.

Synonyms

• vallum

Derived terms

• murate
• muroid

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Latin

Etymology

From *moiros, from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (“to fix, to build fortifications or fences”), see also Latin mūnīre (“to protect”), Old Norse -mæri (“border-land, boundary”), Old English mære (“landmark, border, boundary”). See also Sanskrit मुर् (múr, “wall”), Sanskrit मुर (mura, “surrounding, encircling, enclosing”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈmuː.rus/, [ˈmuːrʊs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈmu.rus/, [ˈmuːrus]

Noun

mūrus m (genitive mūrī); second declension

1. a wall

Declension

Second-declension noun.

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	mūrus	mūrī
Genitive	mūrī	mūrōrum
Dative	mūrō	mūrīs
Accusative	mūrum	mūrōs
Ablative	mūrō	mūrīs
Vocative	mūre	mūrī

Derived terms

• mūrātus
• pōmērium
• Murus Dacicus (Dacian Wall)
• Murus Gallicus (Gallic Wall)
• Murus Romuli (Wall of Romulus)

Descendants

• Bourguignon: meur
• Dalmatian: mor, moir
• Walloon: meur
• Eastern Romance:
  • Aromanian: mur
• Italian: muro
• Old French: mur
  • Bourguignon: meur
  • Middle French: mur
    • French: mur
  • Norman: mur
  • ⇒ Old French: murer (verb)
    • → English: mure
• Old Occitan: mur
  • Catalan: mur
  • Occitan: mur, mura (Guardiol)
• Old Galician-Portuguese: muro
  • Galician: muro
  • Portuguese: muro
• Old Spanish: muro
  • Spanish: muro
• Rhaeto-Romance:
  • Friulian: mûr
  • Romansch: mir, mür, meir
• Sardinian: muru
• Sicilian: muru
• Venetian: muro, mur
• → Albanian: mur
• → English: murus
• → Lithuanian: mūras
• → Old Dutch: mūr, mūra
  • Middle Dutch: muur
    • Dutch: muur
      • Afrikaans: muur
      • Negerhollands: muur
    • Limburgish: moer
    • West Flemish: meur
• → Old Frisian:
  • West Frisian: muorre
• → Old Irish: múr
  • Irish: múr
  • Scottish Gaelic: mùr
• → Old High German: mūra
  • Middle High German: mūre
    • Alemannic German: Muur
    • Central Franconian: Muur, Mauer, Mouer (Moselle Franconian)
    • German: Mauer
    • Luxembourgish: Mauer
    • → Polish: mur
      • → Belarusian: мур (mur)
      • → Lithuanian: mūras
      • → Slovak: múr
      • → Ukrainian: мур (mur)
• → Old Norse: múrr
  • Danish: mur
  • Icelandic: múr
  • Faroese: múrur
  • Norwegian: mur
• → Old Saxon: mūra
  • Middle Low German: mure, mur, mür
    • Dutch Low Saxon: mure
    • → Estonian: müür
• → Polish: mur
• → Romanian: mur
• → Slovak: múr
• → Swedish: mur
  • → Finnish: muuri
• → Ukrainian: мур (mur)
• → Welsh: mur

See also

• pariēs

References

• “murus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “murus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• murus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• murus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to throw oneself from the ramparts: se deicere de muro
    
  • to scale the walls by means of ladders: positis scalis muros ascendere
    
  • the battering-ram strikes the wall: aries murum attingit, percutit
    
  • to drive the defenders from the walls: murum nudare defensoribus
    
• “murus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “murus”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin