ruru

See also: ru rú

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Māori ruru. First use in English appears c. 1842.

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈɹuːɹuː/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

Noun

ruru (plural rurus)

1. (New Zealand) The morepork.

Māori

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈruru/ [ˈɾʉɾʉ]

Etymology 1

Probably onomatopoeic. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

ruru

1. morepork (Ninox novaeseelandiae)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Oceanic *ruru (compare with Hawaiian lulu, Tahitian ruru, Tongan ū) from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duŋduŋ “sheltered” – compare with similar verbs across the Austronesian family with a *-duŋ ending like *tuduŋ (“head cover” – compare with Tagalog turong, Malay tudung) and *linduŋ (compare with Malay lindung “to protect”).

Verb

ruru

1. to enclose, to close together
2. to take shelter

Adjective

ruru

1. sheltered

   Synonym: marumaru

Noun

ruru

1. shelter

   Synonyms: maru, pāruru, tāwharau, whakamarumaru

2. shade

   Synonym: maru

Derived terms

• kōruru
• pāruru
• pōruru
• ruruhau
• whakaruru

Further reading

• Williams, Herbert William (1917), “ruru”, in A Dictionary of the Maori Language, page 411
• “ruru” in John C. Moorfield, Te Aka: Maori–English, English–Maori Dictionary and Index, 3rd edition, Longman/Pearson Education New Zealand, 2011, →ISBN.

Old Tupi

Etymology 1

Adjective

ruru (noun form ruru)

1. swollen

   Synonym: pungá

2. pregnant

   Synonym: puru'a

Declension

    Declension of ruru (oral vowel ending) (See Appendix:Old Tupi adjectives)

Note: not all forms are attested. Most of the table is reconstructed based on known patterns.

Causative	moruru
Deadjectivals
-ba'e	i ruruba'e
-sab(a)	rurûaba / rurusaba
	Singular		Singular & Plural	Plural
	1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person exclusive	1st person inclusive	2nd person
Adjectival forms
Active
Indicative	xe ruru	nde ruru	i ruru	oré ruru	îandé ruru	pe ruru
Imperative
Permissive	ta xe ruru	ta nde ruru	t'i ruru	t'oré ruru	t'îandé ruru	ta pe ruru
Negative indicative	na xe ruruî	na nde ruruî	n'i ruruî	n'oré ruruî	n'îandé ruruî	na pe ruruî
Negative imperative		nde ruru umẽ				pe ruru umẽ
Negative permissive	ta xe ruru umẽ	ta nde ruru umẽ	t'i ruru umẽ	t'oré ruru umẽ	t'îandé ruru umẽ	ta pe ruru umẽ
Gerund
Affirmative	xe rururamo	nde rururamo	o rururamo	oré rururamo	îandé rururamo	pe rururamo
Negative	xe rurue'ymamo	nde rurue'ymamo	o rurue'ymamo	oré rurue'ymamo	îandé rurue'ymamo	pe rurue'ymamo
Nominal forms
Infinitive
Affirmative	ruru
Negative	rurue'yma
Circumstantial
Affirmative	same as gerund1
	xe ruruû2		i ruruû2	oré ruruû2	îandé ruruû2
Negative	same as gerund1
	xe rurue'ymi2		i rurue'ymi2	oré rurue'ymi2	îandé rurue'ymi2
1South Tupi 2North Tupi

Related terms

• gûyrarurunhe'engetá
• kûaruru

Noun

ruru (possessable)

1. swelling

   Synonym: pungá

2. pregnancy

Related terms

• rurunhynga

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

ruru

1. R1 of uru

Further reading

• Navarro, Eduardo de Almeida (2013), “ruru”, in Dicionário de tupi antigo: a língua indígena clássica do Brasil [Dictionary of Old Tupi: The Classical Indigenous Language of Brazil ] (overall work in Portuguese), São Paulo: Global, →ISBN, page 431, column 2

Quechua

Noun

ruru

1. fruit, seed, pit
2. product, produce
3. egg
4. testicle

Declension

Declension of ruru

	singular	plural
nominative	ruru	rurukuna
accusative	ruruta	rurukunata
dative	ruruman	rurukunaman
genitive	rurup	rurukunap
locative	rurupi	rurukunapi
terminative	rurukama	rurukunakama
ablative	rurumanta	rurukunamanta
instrumental	ruruwan	rurukunawan
comitative	ruruntin	rurukunantin
abessive	rurunnaq	rurukunannaq
comparative	ruruhina	rurukunahina
causative	rururayku	rurukunarayku
benefactive	rurupaq	rurukunapaq
associative	rurupura	rurukunapura
distributive	rurunka	rurukunanka
exclusive	rurulla	rurukunalla

Possessive forms of ruru

ñuqap - first-person singular ñuqap (my) singular plural nominative ruruy ruruykuna accusative ruruyta ruruykunata dative ruruyman ruruykunaman genitive ruruypa ruruykunap locative ruruypi ruruykunapi terminative ruruykama ruruykunakama ablative ruruymanta ruruykunamanta instrumental ruruywan ruruykunawan comitative ruruynintin ruruykunantin abessive ruruyninnaq ruruykunannaq comparative ruruyhina ruruykunahina causative ruruyrayku ruruykunarayku benefactive ruruypaq ruruykunapaq associative ruruypura ruruykunapura distributive ruruyninka ruruykunanka exclusive ruruylla ruruykunalla qampa - second-person singular qampa (your) singular plural nominative ruruyki ruruykikuna accusative ruruykita ruruykikunata dative ruruykiman ruruykikunaman genitive ruruykipa ruruykikunap locative ruruykipi ruruykikunapi terminative ruruykikama ruruykikunakama ablative ruruykimanta ruruykikunamanta instrumental ruruykiwan ruruykikunawan comitative ruruykintin ruruykikunantin abessive ruruykinnaq ruruykikunannaq comparative ruruykihina ruruykikunahina causative ruruykirayku ruruykikunarayku benefactive ruruykipaq ruruykikunapaq associative ruruykipura ruruykikunapura distributive ruruykinka ruruykikunanka exclusive ruruykilla ruruykikunalla paypa - third-person singular paypa (his/her/its) singular plural nominative rurun rurunkuna accusative rurunta rurunkunata dative rurunman rurunkunaman genitive rurunpa rurunkunap locative rurunpi rurunkunapi terminative rurunkama rurunkunakama ablative rurunmanta rurunkunamanta instrumental rurunwan rurunkunawan comitative rurunintin rurunkunantin abessive rurunninnaq rurunkunannaq comparative rurunhina rurunkunahina causative rurunrayku rurunkunarayku benefactive rurunpaq rurunkunapaq associative rurunpura rurunkunapura distributive ruruninka rurunkunanka exclusive rurunlla rurunkunalla ñuqanchikpa - first-person inclusive plural ñuqanchikpa (our(incl)) singular plural nominative rurunchik rurunchikkuna accusative rurunchikta rurunchikkunata dative rurunchikman rurunchikkunaman genitive rurunchikpa rurunchikkunap locative rurunchikpi rurunchikkunapi terminative rurunchikkama rurunchikkunakama ablative rurunchikmanta rurunchikkunamanta instrumental rurunchikwan rurunchikkunawan comitative rurunchiknintin rurunchikkunantin abessive rurunchikninnaq rurunchikkunannaq comparative rurunchikhina rurunchikkunahina causative rurunchikrayku rurunchikkunarayku benefactive rurunchikpaq rurunchikkunapaq associative rurunchikpura rurunchikkunapura distributive rurunchikninka rurunchikkunanka exclusive rurunchiklla rurunchikkunalla ñuqaykup - first-person exclusive plural ñuqaykup (our(excl)) singular plural nominative ruruyku ruruykukuna accusative ruruykuta ruruykukunata dative ruruykuman ruruykukunaman genitive ruruykupa ruruykukunap locative ruruykupi ruruykukunapi terminative ruruykukama ruruykukunakama ablative ruruykumanta ruruykukunamanta instrumental ruruykuwan ruruykukunawan comitative ruruykuntin ruruykukunantin abessive ruruykunnaq ruruykukunannaq comparative ruruykuhina ruruykukunahina causative ruruykurayku ruruykukunarayku benefactive ruruykupaq ruruykukunapaq associative ruruykupura ruruykukunapura distributive ruruykunka ruruykukunanka exclusive ruruykulla ruruykukunalla qamkunap - second-person plural qamkunap (your(pl)) singular plural nominative ruruykichik ruruykichikkuna accusative ruruykichikta ruruykichikkunata dative ruruykichikman ruruykichikkunaman genitive ruruykichikpa ruruykichikkunap locative ruruykichikpi ruruykichikkunapi terminative ruruykichikkama ruruykichikkunakama ablative ruruykichikmanta ruruykichikkunamanta instrumental ruruykichikwan ruruykichikkunawan comitative ruruykichiknintin ruruykichikkunantin abessive ruruykichikninnaq ruruykichikkunannaq comparative ruruykichikhina ruruykichikkunahina causative ruruykichikrayku ruruykichikkunarayku benefactive ruruykichikpaq ruruykichikkunapaq associative ruruykichikpura ruruykichikkunapura distributive ruruykichikninka ruruykichikkunanka exclusive ruruykichiklla ruruykichikkunalla paykunap - third-person plural paykunap (their) singular plural nominative rurunku rurunkukuna accusative rurunkuta rurunkukunata dative rurunkuman rurunkukunaman genitive rurunkupa rurunkukunap locative rurunkupi rurunkukunapi terminative rurunkukama rurunkukunakama ablative rurunkumanta rurunkukunamanta instrumental rurunkuwan rurunkukunawan comitative rurunkuntin rurunkukunantin abessive rurunkunnaq rurunkukunannaq comparative rurunkuhina rurunkukunahina causative rurunkurayku rurunkukunarayku benefactive rurunkupaq rurunkukunapaq associative rurunkupura rurunkukunapura distributive rurunkunka rurunkukunanka exclusive rurunkulla rurunkukunalla

See also

• ruruy

Tahitian

Verb

ruru

1. tie

Ternate

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɾu.ɾu/

Noun

ruru

1. sago midrib

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɾu.ɾu/

Noun

ruru

1. a leaf dustpan

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɾu.ɾu/

Verb

ruru

1. (intransitive) to drift

Conjugation

Conjugation of ruru

		singular	plural
			inclusive	exclusive
1st person		toruru	foruru	miruru
2nd person		noruru	niruru
3rd person	masculine	oruru	iruru yoruru (archaic)
	feminine	moruru
	neuter	iruru

References

• Rika Hayami-Allen (2001), A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

West Makian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈru.ru/

Noun

ruru

1. ashes

References

• Clemens Voorhoeve (1982), The Makian languages and their neighbours‎^[2], Pacific linguistics