spalgs
Latvian
Etymology
From a variant *spalg- of (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Baltic *spelg-, *spilg-, *spulg- (whence also spilgts), from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Indo-European *pel-, *spel-, *spʰel- (“to shine”) with an extra g. The original meaning was, as that of its cognates spilgts and spulgs, “bright, shiny,” from which it metaphorically evolved into “very loud, sharp.” Cognates include Lithuanian spal̃gė, spal̃gena, spal̃genas (“cranberry”) (< “bright, shiny berry”) [1]
Pronunciation
Adjective
spalgs (definite spalgais, comparative spalgāks, superlative visspalgākais, adverb spalgi)
- (of sounds) (very) loud, sharp, shrill, piercing, strident, high-pitched
- kliegt, runāt spalgā balsī ― to scream, to speak in a shrill voice
- spalgs svilpiens ― a shrill, high-pitched whistle
- spalgs tālruņa zvans ― shrill telephone call
- spalga sirēna ― high-pitched sirene
- atskanēja spalgs šāviens ― a strident shot sounded
- (of pains) strong, sharp
- krūtīs kā karsta ogle iekrīt spalga sāpe ― a sharp pain fell on his chest like a hot coal
- (of light, colors) sharp, bright, strong
- glezna bija pārāk spalga, krāsas pārāk asas un biezas ― the painting was too bright(-colored), the colors too sharp and thick
- atnāks rīts ar spalgu sauli ― morning came with a sharp, bright sun
- (of weather, its elements) very cold, piercing cold
- spalgs aukstums ― piercing cold
- spalga ziema, nakts ― piercing cold winter, night
- laukā ir spalgs, ass vējš ― outside (there) is a cold, sharp wind
- (figuratively, of people, their actions) harsh, severe
- nu teic: es esot pārāk spalgs; un citiem: augstprātīgi lecīgs ― so say it: I am too harsh; to others, (I am) arrogantly provocative
- tā ir skaudru un spalgu politisku pamfletu virkne ― this is a caustic and harsh series of political pamphlets
Declension
indefinite declension (nenoteiktā galotne) of spalgs
masculine (vīriešu dzimte) | feminine (sieviešu dzimte) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular (vienskaitlis) |
plural (daudzskaitlis) |
singular (vienskaitlis) |
plural (daudzskaitlis) | ||||||
nominative (nominatīvs) | spalgs | spalgi | spalga | spalgas | |||||
accusative (akuzatīvs) | spalgu | spalgus | spalgu | spalgas | |||||
genitive (ģenitīvs) | spalga | spalgu | spalgas | spalgu | |||||
dative (datīvs) | spalgam | spalgiem | spalgai | spalgām | |||||
instrumental (instrumentālis) | spalgu | spalgiem | spalgu | spalgām | |||||
locative (lokatīvs) | spalgā | spalgos | spalgā | spalgās | |||||
vocative (vokatīvs) | — | — | — | — | |||||
Synonyms
Antonyms
Derived terms
Related terms
References
- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “spalgs”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN