stabilis

Ladin

Participle

stabilis

1. masculine plural of the past participle of stabilì

Latin

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *steh₂-

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti

Proto-Indo-European *-yeti

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti

Proto-Indo-European *sth₂éh₁yeti

Proto-Italic *staējō

Proto-Italic *staēō

Proto-Indo-European *-tḗr

Proto-Indo-European *-dʰlomder.

Proto-Indo-European *-dʰlis

Proto-Italic *-ðlis

Proto-Italic *staðlis?

Latin stabilis

By surface analysis, stō (“ to stand (still), remain standing, be upright, be erect”) +‎ -bilis. Poultney compares the term to Umbrian 𐌔𐌕𐌀𐌚𐌋𐌉 (stafli) and reconstructs Proto-Italic *staðlis, though De Vaan leaves the etymology of the Umbrian term as uncertain.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈsta.bɪ.lɪs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈstaː.bi.lis]
• Hyphenation: sta‧bi‧lis

Adjective

stabilis (neuter stabile, comparative stabilior, superlative stabilissimus, adverb stabiliter); third-declension two-termination adjective

1. firm, steadfast, steady, sure, stable, stationary (that stands firm)

   Synonyms: statīvus, fīxus

2. established, enduring, durable, immutable, lasting, everlasting, unwavering, unchanging
   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 1.73:

     “Cōnūbiō iungam stabilī propriamque dicābō.”

     “Joined in marriage, everlasting, and I shall dedicate [her to you as] your very own [wife].”
     (Juno tempts Aeolus to do her will by offering him marriage to Deiopea.)

Declension

Third-declension two-termination adjective.

	singular			plural
	masc./fem.	neuter		masc./fem.	neuter
nominative	stabilis	stabile		stabilēs	stabilia
genitive	stabilis			stabilium
dative	stabilī			stabilibus
accusative	stabilem	stabile		stabilīs stabilēs	stabilia
ablative	stabilī			stabilibus
vocative	stabilis	stabile		stabilēs	stabilia

Derived terms

• īnstabilis
• stabiliō
• stabilitās

Related terms

• stabilīmen
• stabilīmentum
• stabilītor
• stō

Descendants

• Balkan Romance:
  • Romanian: stavăr
• Rhaeto-Romance
  • Romansh: stabel
• Venetan: stabiłe
• West Iberian
  • Old Leonese:
    • Asturian: estable
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: estavel
    • Galician: estable, estábel
    • Portuguese: estável
  • Old Spanish: estabile, estabil, estable
    • Spanish: estable

• → Bulgarian: стабилен (stabilen)
• → Catalan: estable
• → Czech: stabilní
• → Danish: stabil
• → English: stabile
• → Estonian: stabiilne
• → French: stable
  • → Turkish: stabil
• → Friulian: stabil
• → German: stabil
  • → Hungarian: stabil
• → Italian: stabile
• → Macedonian: стабилен (stabilen)
• → Norwegian: stabil
• → Old French: estable
  • Middle French: estable
  • Anglo-Norman: stable, stabel
    • → Middle English: stable
      • English: stable
      • Scots: stable
• → Old Occitan: estable
  • Occitan: estable
• → Polish: stabilny
• → Romanian: stabil
• → Romansh: stabil
• → Russian: стабильный (stabilʹnyj)
• → Slovak: stabilný
• → Swedish: stabil

Further reading

• “stăbĭlis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• stabilis in Georges, Karl Ernst; Georges, Heinrich (1913–1918), Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, 8th edition, volume 2, Hahnsche Buchhandlung, columns 2781–2782
• R. E. Latham, D. R. Howlett, & R. K. Ashdowne, editors (1975–2013), “stabilis”, in Dictionary of Medieval Latin from British Sources‎^[1], London: Oxford University Press for the British Academy, →ISBN, →OCLC
• “stăbĭlis”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette, page 1472, column 3.
• Harm Pinkster, editor (2018), “stabilis”, in Woordenboek Latijn/Nederlands‎^[2], 7th revised edition, Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, →ISBN, →OCLC
• Latino-Sinicum [ = 穩定／稳定 (wěndìng), 耐恆者/耐恒者], in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] Dictionaries for Ancient Greek and Latin (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, since 2011
• “stabilis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers