sto

See also: stó, stò, što, -sto, -stö, 'sto, and stø

Czech

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *sъto, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sto/

• audio

  (file)

Noun

sto n

1. (cardinal) hundred (100)

Declension

    declension of sto

	singular	plural	dual
nominative	sto	sta	stě
genitive	sta	set	set
dative	stu	stům	stům
accusative	sto	sta	sta, stě
vocative	sto	sta	sta
prepositional	stu	stech	stech
instrumental	stem	sty	sty

See also

• dvě stě, tři sta, čtyři sta, pět set, šest set, sedm set, osm set, devět set

Further reading

• sto in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
• sto in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989

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Italian

Alternative forms

• stò (misspelling)

Pronunciation

• Rhymes: -ɔ

Verb

sto

1. first-person singular present indicative of stare

See also

• sta
• stai
• 'sto

• stanno
• stiamo

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Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *staēō, from Proto-Indo-European *sth₂éh₁yeti, stative verb from *steh₂-. Cognate with Sanskrit तिष्ठति (tíṣṭhati) (root स्था (sthā)), Persian ایستا‎ (istā, “standing; stopping”), Ancient Greek ἵστημι (hístēmi), στάσις (stásis), Bulgarian стоя (stoja), Old English standan (whence English stand).

By its appearance through Latin sound laws, this stative verb, against all others of this class in the 2nd conjugation, belongs to the 1st conjugation. The perfect and supine stems are shared with sistō, the corresponding athematic verb from the same Indo-European root.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /stoː/

• Audio (Classical)

  (file)

Verb

stō (present infinitive stāre, perfect active stetī, supine statum); first conjugation, impersonal in the passive

1. I stand
2. I stay, remain
3. (Medieval Latin) I [currently] am (feel)
4. (Medieval Latin) I am [located at]

Inflection

Passive forms exist only in the third-person singular.

Conjugation of sto (first conjugation, impersonal in passive)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	stō	stās	stat	stāmus	stātis	stant
	imperfect	stābam	stābās	stābat	stābāmus	stābātis	stābant
	future	stābō	stābis	stābit	stābimus	stābitis	stābunt
	perfect	stetī	stetistī	stetit	stetimus	stetistis	stetērunt, stetēre
	pluperfect	steteram	steterās	steterat	steterāmus	steterātis	steterant
	future perfect	steterō	steteris	steterit	steterimus	steteritis	steterint
passive	present	—	—	stātur	—	—	—
	imperfect	—	—	stābātur	—	—	—
	future	—	—	stābitur	—	—	—
	perfect	—	—	statum est	—	—	—
	pluperfect	—	—	statum erat	—	—	—
	future perfect	—	—	statum erit	—	—	—
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	stem	stēs	stet	stēmus	stētis	stent
	imperfect	stārem	stārēs	stāret	stārēmus	stārētis	stārent
	perfect	steterim	steterīs	steterit	steterīmus	steterītis	steterint
	pluperfect	stetissem	stetissēs	stetisset	stetissēmus	stetissētis	stetissent
passive	present	—	—	stētur	—	—	—
	imperfect	—	—	stārētur	—	—	—
	perfect	—	—	statum sit	—	—	—
	pluperfect	—	—	statum esset, foret	—	—	—
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	stā	—	—	stāte	—
	future	—	stātō	stātō	—	stātōte	stantō
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		stāre	stetisse	statūrus esse	stārī	statum esse	—
participles		stāns	—	statūrus	—	statum	standus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		nominative	genitive	dative/ablative	accusative	accusative	ablative
		stāre	standī	standō	standum	statum	statū

Derived terms

Derived terms

• antestō / antistō
• astō
• circumstō
• cōnstō
• contrāstō
• distō
• exstō

• īnstō
• interstō
• obstō
• perstō
• praestō
• restō
• superstō

• stabilis
• stabulum
• stāmen
• statiō
• statūra
• status

Related terms

• sistō
• statuō

Descendants

• Aragonese: estar
• Aromanian: stau, stare
• Asturian: tar
• Catalan: estar
• Corsican: stà
• Dalmatian: stur
• English: state, stare decisis
• Esperanto: stari, esti

• Franco-Provençal: étar
• Old French: estre, ester
  • French: être, ester
• Friulian: stâ
• Galician: estar
• Greek: στέω (stéo)
• Istriot: stà
• Istro-Romanian: stå
• Italian: stare

• Neapolitan: stà
• Occitan: estar
• Portuguese: estar
• Romanian: sta, stare
• Romansch: star, ster
• Sardinian: iltare, istare, istai, stai
• Sicilian: stari
• Spanish: estar
• Venetian: star

References

• sto in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• sto in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• sto in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • I am firmly resolved: stat mihi sententia (Liv. 21. 30.)
    
  • to insist on a point: tenere aliquid; stare in aliqua re
    
  • to abide by one's undertaking: promisso stare
    
  • a thing costs much, little: aliquid magno, parvo stat, constat
    
  • the state is secure: res publica stat (opp. iacet)
    
  • to be on a person's side (not ab alicuius partibus): ab (cum) aliquo stare (Brut. 79. 273)
    
  • the issue of the day was for a long time uncertain: diu anceps stetit pugna
    
  • the victory cost much blood and many wounds, was very dearly bought: victoria multo sanguine ac vulneribus stetit (Liv. 23. 30)
    
  • to ride at anchor: in ancoris esse, stare, consistere
    
  • (ambiguous) my position is considerably improved; my prospects are brighter: meliorem in statum redigor
    
  • (ambiguous) to restore a man to his former position: aliquem in antiquum statum, in pristinum restituere
    
  • (ambiguous) a periodically recurring (annual) sacrifice: sacrificium statum (solemne) (Tusc. 1. 47. 113)
    
  • (ambiguous) to restore the ancient constitution: rem publicam in pristinum statum restituere
    
  • (ambiguous) to endanger the existence of the state: statum rei publicae convellere
    

Further reading

• sto in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press

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Ligurian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /stu/

Adjective

sto (feminine singular sta, masculine plural sti, feminine plural ste)

1. this
2. (in the plural) these

Synonyms

• quésto

See also

• quéllo

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Lower Sorbian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *sъto, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm.

Numeral

sto

1. hundred (100)

Synonyms

• hundert

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Norwegian Bokmål

Alternative forms

• stod

Verb

sto

1. simple past of stå

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Norwegian Nynorsk

Verb

sto

1. (non-standard since 2012) past tense of stå

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Polish

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *sъto, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /stɔ/

• audio

  (file)

Numeral

sto

1. one hundred

Declension

declension of sto

case	plural only
	m pers	other
nominative, vocative	stu	sto
genitive	stu
dative
accusative	stu	sto
instrumental	stoma
locative	stu

Further reading

• sto in Polish dictionaries at PWN

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Serbo-Croatian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Slavic *sъto, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /stôː/

Numeral

stȏ (Cyrillic spelling сто̑)

1. (cardinal) hundred

Etymology 2

From Proto-Slavic *stolъ.

Doublet of àstāl, from the same ultimate source only borrowed through Hungarian.

Alternative forms

• stȏl (Croatian)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /stôː/

Noun

stȏ m (Cyrillic spelling сто̑)

1. (Bosnia, Serbia) table

Declension

Declension of sto

	singular	plural
nominative	stȏ	stòlovi
genitive	stòla	stòlōvā
dative	stòlu	stòlovima
accusative	stȏ	stòlove
vocative	stȍle	stòlovi
locative	stòlu	stòlovima
instrumental	stòlom	stòlovima

Synonyms

• (table): àstāl / hàstāl

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Slovak

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *sъto, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈstɔ/

Numeral

sto

1. (cardinal) hundred (100)

Usage notes

Usually not declined when used in conjunction with other numerals.

Declension

Declension of sto

	singular	plural
nominative	sto	stá
genitive	sta	sto
dative	stu	stám
accusative	sto	stá
locative	ste	stách
instrumental	stom	stami

Further reading

• sto in Slovak dictionaries at korpus.sk

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Slovene

Slovene cardinal numbers

<  99	100	101  >
Cardinal : stó     Ordinal : stôti     Adverbial : stókrat

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *sъto, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈstóː/
• Tonal orthography: stọ̑

Numeral

stó

1. hundred

Declension

Declension of sto (numeral, irregular)

	plural
nominative	stó
accusative	stó
genitive	stôtih
dative	stôtim
locative	stôtih
instrumental	stôtimi

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Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish stōþ, from Old Norse stóð, from Proto-Germanic *stōdą. Compare Icelandic stóð.

Noun

sto n

1. mare; a female horse

Declension

Declension of sto
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	sto	stoet	ston	stona
Genitive	stos	stoets	stons	stonas

Synonyms

• hästhona
• märr

Hypernyms

• häst
• (dialectal) russ

Coordinate terms

• föl
• fölunge
• hingst
• hästunge
• valack

Derived terms

• stomjölk
• ungsto

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Upper Sorbian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *sъto, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱm̥tóm.

Numeral

sto

1. (cardinal) hundred (100)