tar
English
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /tɑː/
- (General American) IPA(key): /tɑɹ/, [tʰɑɻ], [tʰɑɹ]
Audio (General Australian): (file) - Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)
Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle English ter, terr, tarr, from Old English teoru, from Proto-West Germanic *teru, from Proto-Germanic *terwą (compare Saterland Frisian Taar, West Frisian tarre, tar, Dutch teer, German Teer), from Proto-Indo-European *derwo- (compare Welsh derw (“oaks”), Lithuanian dervà (“pinewood, resin”), Russian де́рево (dérevo, “tree”), Bulgarian дърво́ (dǎrvó, “tree”)), from *dóru (“tree”). More at tree.
Noun
[edit]tar (countable and uncountable, plural tars)
- (usually uncountable) A black, oily, sticky, viscous substance, consisting mainly of hydrocarbons derived from organic materials such as wood, peat, or coal.
- Coal tar.
- (uncountable) A solid residual byproduct of tobacco smoke.
- (slang, dated) A sailor, because of the traditional tarpaulin clothes.
- Synonym: Jack Tar
- 1723, Jonathan Swift, To Charles Mordaunt, Earl of Peterborough[2]:
- Shines in all climates like a star; In senates bold, and fierce in war; A land commander, and a tar.
- 1851, Herman Melville, Moby Dick:
- a ruminating tar was […] adorning [the wooden settle] with his jack-knife, […] trying his hand at a ship under full sail.
- 1915, W. McMann, “Our Picture Show”, in Western Evening Herald:
- If there's one man that I admire, that man's a British tar.
- (uncountable) Black tar, a form of heroin.
Derived terms
[edit]- Archangel tar
- beat the tar out of
- birch tar
- black tar
- coal tar
- gas tar
- jacktar
- Jack Tar
- juniper tar
- mineral tar
- pine tar
- pitch-tar
- slow as tar
- spoil the ship for a hap'orth of tar
- Stockholm tar
- tar baby
- tar board
- tar boil
- tarbrush
- tar derby
- Tar Heel
- tarlike
- tarmac
- tarmacadam
- tar paper
- tarpaulin
- tar pit
- tarpot
- tar sand
- tar spot
- tar water
- tarweed
- touch of the tar brush
- wood tar
Translations
[edit]
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Verb
[edit]tar (third-person singular simple present tars, present participle tarring, simple past and past participle tarred)
- (transitive) To coat with tar.
- (transitive) To besmirch.
- The allegations tarred his name, even though he was found innocent.
- 1995, Paul Robinson, The Gate Contracts:
- Dr. Sign: In fact, maybe you think I should get credit, but if I do, Dr. Frendall will be scorned. You know why
Dr. Ellsworth: Yes, I know. Your critics will tar him with the same brush as you.
Derived terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]
|
Etymology 2
[edit]Noun
[edit]tar (plural tars)
- (computing) A program for archiving files, common on Unix systems.
- (computing) A file produced by such a program.
Derived terms
[edit]Translations
[edit]Verb
[edit]tar (third-person singular simple present tars, present participle tarring, simple past and past participle tarred)
- (computing, transitive) To create a tar archive.
Antonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Safavid-style_portrait%2C_female_musician_plays_a_tar.jpg/150px-Safavid-style_portrait%2C_female_musician_plays_a_tar.jpg)
Alternative forms
[edit]Noun
[edit]tar (plural tars)
- A Persian long-necked, waisted string instrument, shared by many cultures and countries in the Middle East and the Caucasus.
Translations
[edit]See also
[edit]Etymology 4
[edit]Noun
[edit]tar (plural tars)
- A single-headed round frame drum originating in North Africa and the Middle East.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- 2001. Drum Circle: A Guide to World Percussion. Chalo Eduardo, Frank Kumor. Pg. 18.
Etymology 5
[edit]Noun
[edit]tar (plural tars)
- Alternative form of tara (“Indian coin”)
Anagrams
[edit]Aromanian
[edit]Noun
[edit]tar m (plural tari)
Synonyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Asturian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Ultimately from Latin stāre, present active infinitive of stō. Compare Spanish estar, Aragonese estar, Galician estar, Portuguese estar, Catalan estar.
Verb
[edit]tar
- to be (referring to geographical place)
- to be (referring to something temporary)
- to be (for use in constructing continuous verb forms)
- tas xugando ― you are playing
Conjugation
[edit]Impersonal forms | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | tar | ||||||
Gerund | tando | ||||||
Past participle | tao | ||||||
Personal forms | |||||||
yo | tu | él~elli/-a/-o | nosotros/-es~nós | vosotros/-es~vós | ellos/-es | ||
Indicative | Present | to toi |
tas | ta | tamos | tais | tán |
Imperfect preterite | taba | tabes | taba | tábamos~tábemos | tabais~tabeis | taben | |
Perfect preterite | tuvi tevi |
tuvisti tuviesti |
tuvo tevo | tuvimos tuviemos |
tuvistis tuviestis |
tuvieron | |
Pluperfect preterite | tuviera~tuviere | tuvieras~tuvieres | tuviera~tuviere | tuviéramos~tuviéremos | tuvierais~tuviereis | tuvieran~tuvieren | |
yo | tu | él~elli/-a/-o | nosotros/-es~nós | vosotros/-es~vós | ellos/-es | ||
Subjunctive | Present | tea | teas | tea | teamos | teáis | tean |
Imperfect preterite | tuviera~tuviere | tuvieras~tuvieres | tuviera~tuviere | tuviéramos~tuviéremos | tuvierais~tuviereis | tuvieran~tuvieren | |
yo | tu | él~elli/-a/-o | nosotros/-es~nós | vosotros/-es~vós | ellos/-es | ||
Potential | Future | taré | tarás | tará | taremos | taréis | tarán |
Conditional | taría | taríes | taría | taríamos~taríemos | taríais~taríeis | taríen | |
- | tu | vusté | nosotros/-es~nós | vosotros/-es~vós | vustedes | ||
Imperative | ta | vamos tar | tai |
Azerbaijani
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Persian تار (târ).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]tar (definite accusative tarı, plural tarlar)
Declension
[edit]Declension of tar | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
nominative | tar |
tarlar | ||||||
definite accusative | tarı |
tarları | ||||||
dative | tara |
tarlara | ||||||
locative | tarda |
tarlarda | ||||||
ablative | tardan |
tarlardan | ||||||
definite genitive | tarın |
tarların |
Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Borrowing from an Oghur language, before the times of the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin (at the turn of the 9th and 10th centuries),[1] from Proto-Turkic *tāŕ (“bald”). Cognates include Turkish dazlak (“bald”), Karakhanid تازْ (tāz, “bald”), and Middle Mongol [script needed] (tarasun, “bald”), the latter perhaps a Turkic borrowing too.
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]tar (not comparable)
Declension
[edit]Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | tar | tarok |
accusative | tart | tarokat |
dative | tarnak | taroknak |
instrumental | tarral | tarokkal |
causal-final | tarért | tarokért |
translative | tarrá | tarokká |
terminative | tarig | tarokig |
essive-formal | tarként | tarokként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | tarban | tarokban |
superessive | taron | tarokon |
adessive | tarnál | taroknál |
illative | tarba | tarokba |
sublative | tarra | tarokra |
allative | tarhoz | tarokhoz |
elative | tarból | tarokból |
delative | tarról | tarokról |
ablative | tartól | taroktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
taré | taroké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
taréi | tarokéi |
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ tar in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
[edit]- tar in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Indonesian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Unknown.
Noun
[edit]tar (first-person possessive tarku, second-person possessive tarmu, third-person possessive tarnya)
- Alternative spelling of tir (chess pieces).
Etymology 2
[edit]Noun
[edit]tar (first-person possessive tarku, second-person possessive tarmu, third-person possessive tarnya)
Etymology 3
[edit]From Dutch taart, from Middle Dutch tāerte, from Old French tarte.
Noun
[edit]tar (first-person possessive tarku, second-person possessive tarmu, third-person possessive tarnya)
Alternative forms
[edit]- tart [tat] (Standard Malay)
Etymology 4
[edit]From English tar, from Proto-Germanic *terwą, from Proto-Indo-European *derwo-. Doublet of ter and tir.
Noun
[edit]tar (first-person possessive tarku, second-person possessive tarmu, third-person possessive tarnya)
- tar, the solid residual byproduct of tobacco smoke.
Usage notes
[edit]Other definition of tar translated into ter or tir.
Etymology 5
[edit]Noun
[edit]tar (first-person possessive tarku, second-person possessive tarmu, third-person possessive tarnya)
- (colloquial) aphetic form of sebentar.
Further reading
[edit]- “tar” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.
Irish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Old Irish do·icc. The imperative is from a related verb, do·airicc.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]tar (present analytic tagann, future analytic tiocfaidh, verbal noun teacht, past participle tagtha)
- to come
- Tiocfaidh ár lá.
- Our day will come.
- to survive, pull through
- Bhí a ndeartháir ar leaba an bháis, ach tháinig sé.
- Their brother was on his deathbed, but he pulled through.
- Bádh a hathair agus tháinig a máthair.
- Her father drowned and her mother survived.
Conjugation
[edit]*indirect relative
† dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis
Forms based on the stem tig- (e.g. tigim and tig/tigeann) are found in Ulster, North Mayo and parts of Munster; in at least some of these varieties there may also be spontaneous lenition to thig etc. even in environments where no lenition is expected. Forms based on the stem teag- (e.g. teagaim, teagann) are found in parts of Connacht.
The present analytic tig is particularly common in tar le (“be able”).
The obsolete present subjunctive tí is now found only in the preposition go dtí (“to, toward, up to, until”).
Alternative forms of the second-person singular imperative include tair in Munster, teighre in Aran, teara in Connemara, and gabh in Ulster.
Derived terms
[edit]Mutation
[edit]Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
tar | thar | dtar |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Karaim
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Turkic *t(i)ār.
Adjective
[edit]tar
References
[edit]- N. A. Baskakov, S.M. Šapšala, editor (1973), “tar”, in Karaimsko-Russko-Polʹskij Slovarʹ [Karaim-Russian-Polish Dictionary], Moscow: Moskva, →ISBN
Karakalpak
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Turkic *t(i)ār.
Adjective
[edit]tar
References
[edit]- N. A. Baskakov, editor (1958), “тар”, in Karakalpaksko-Russkij Slovarʹ [Karakalpak-Russian Dictionary], Moscow: Akademija Nauk Uzbekskoj SSR, →ISBN
Maltese
[edit]Root |
---|
t-j-r |
9 terms |
Etymology
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]tar (imperfect jtir, verbal noun tajran)
- to fly
- 1970, Anton Buttigieg, “Fil-Ġnien”, in Fl-Arena:
- Ta’ ferħ u serħ imlietni, u bħall-għasafar
u l-friefet jien għamilt: minn fjur għal fjur
ħsiebi tar bħal farfett, taħt siġra kbira
qalbi fesdqet il-għana bħal għasfur.- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- to be quick
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of tar | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
perfect | m | tirt | tirt | tar | tirna | tirtu | taru | |
f | taret | |||||||
imperfect | m | ntir | ttir | jtir | ntiru | ttiru | jtiru | |
f | ttir | |||||||
imperative | tir | tiru |
Manx
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Verb
[edit]tar (verbal noun çheet, simple past haink, future hig, conditional harragh)
Conjugation
[edit]first | analytical | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||
future | independent | higym | higmayd | hig |
dependent | jigym | jigmayd | jig | |
relative | (no future relative form) | |||
conditional | independent | harrin | harragh | |
dependent | darrin | darragh | ||
past | haink | |||
verbal noun | çheet | |||
past participle | (no past participle form) |
Derived terms
[edit]- tar er-ash (“return”)
Middle English
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Noun
[edit]tar
- Alternative form of tare (“vetch”)
Etymology 2
[edit]Determiner
[edit]tar
- (chiefly Northern dialectal) Alternative form of þeir
Norwegian Bokmål
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]tar
Norwegian Nynorsk
[edit]Verb
[edit]tar
Old Irish
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Celtic *taras, from Proto-Indo-European *tr̥h₂és, from the root *terh₂- (“to cross”).[1]
The voiced variant dar is the original one, since *t in proclitics regularly became d in Old Irish. Tar with a voiceless initial consonant is analogical after its conjugated forms.[2]
Preposition
[edit]tar (with accusative)
Inflection
[edit]Person | Normal | Emphatic |
---|---|---|
1st person sing. | thorom, thorum | thoromsa, thorumsa |
2d person sing. | torut | torutsu |
3d sing. masc./neut., dative | ||
3d sing. masc./neut., accusative | tarais | |
3d sing. fem., dative | ||
3d sing. fem., accusative | tairse | |
1st person pl. | torunn+ | torunni |
2d person pl. | toraib | |
3d person pl., dative | ||
3d person pl., accusative | tairsiu |
Forms combined with the definite article:
Forms combined with a possessive determiner:
Forms combined with a possessive pronoun:
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*taras”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 370
- ^ McCone, Kim (1981) “Final /t/ to /d/ after Unstressed Vowels, and an Old Irish Sound Law”, in Ériu[1], volume 32, Royal Irish Academy, →ISSN, →JSTOR, retrieved November 25, 2022, pages 29–44
Further reading
[edit]- Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940, reprinted 2017) D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, §§ 434, 854
- Pedersen, Holger (1913) Vergleichende Grammatik der keltischen Sprachen (in German), volume II, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, →ISBN, page 150
Pali
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Sanskrit तॄ (tṝ).
Root
[edit]tar (Pali name tara)
- to cross
Derived terms
[edit]Polish
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]tar f
Portuguese
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]
- Rhymes: -aɾ
Verb
[edit]tar
- (Portugal) Nonstandard spelling of estar.
- 1983, Manuel da Costa Fontes, Romanceiro da Ilha de São Jorge, Universidade de Coimbra, page 236:
- Eu tou aqui nesta serra
- I’m here in this mountain chain
- 1983, Manuel da Costa Fontes, Romanceiro da Ilha de São Jorge, Universidade de Coimbra, page 236:
Romanian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Noun
[edit]tar m (plural taruri)
- unit of measurement for weights
Declension
[edit]Sumerian
[edit]Romanization
[edit]tar
- Romanization of 𒋻 (tar)
Swedish
[edit]Verb
[edit]tar
- present indicative of ta
Anagrams
[edit]Yola
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle English tar, from Old English teoru, from Proto-West Germanic *teru.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]tar
- tar
- 1927, “YOLA ZONG O BARONY VORTH”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 132, line 10:
- Aal haar, an wi eyen lik torches o tar?"
- "All hair, and with eyes like torches of tar,"
References
[edit]- Kathleen A. Browne (1927) The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland Sixth Series, Vol.17 No.2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, page 132
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)
- Rhymes:English/ɑː(ɹ)/1 syllable
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *dóru
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
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- en:Computing
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- en:Musical instruments
- Aromanian lemmas
- Aromanian nouns
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- Asturian terms inherited from Latin
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- Asturian lemmas
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- Asturian terms with usage examples
- Azerbaijani terms borrowed from Persian
- Azerbaijani terms derived from Persian
- Azerbaijani terms with IPA pronunciation
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- Azerbaijani lemmas
- Azerbaijani nouns
- az:Musical instruments
- Hungarian terms borrowed from Oghur languages
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- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɒr
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- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian adjectives
- Hungarian uncomparable adjectives
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- Indonesian 1-syllable words
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Indonesian/tar
- Rhymes:Indonesian/tar/1 syllable
- Rhymes:Indonesian/ar
- Rhymes:Indonesian/ar/1 syllable
- Rhymes:Indonesian/r
- Rhymes:Indonesian/r/1 syllable
- Indonesian terms with audio links
- Indonesian terms with unknown etymologies
- Indonesian lemmas
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- id:Cooking
- Indonesian terms borrowed from English
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- Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Indonesian doublets
- Indonesian colloquialisms
- Indonesian aphetic forms
- Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂neḱ-
- Irish terms inherited from Old Irish
- Irish terms derived from Old Irish
- Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Irish lemmas
- Irish verbs
- Irish irregular verbs
- Irish terms with usage examples
- Irish suppletive verbs
- Karaim terms inherited from Proto-Turkic
- Karaim terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Karaim lemmas
- Karaim adjectives
- Karakalpak terms inherited from Proto-Turkic
- Karakalpak terms derived from Proto-Turkic
- Karakalpak lemmas
- Karakalpak adjectives
- Maltese terms belonging to the root t-j-r
- Maltese terms inherited from Arabic
- Maltese terms derived from Arabic
- Maltese 1-syllable words
- Maltese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Maltese/aːr
- Rhymes:Maltese/aːr/1 syllable
- Maltese lemmas
- Maltese verbs
- Maltese terms with quotations
- Maltese form-I verbs
- Maltese hollow form-I verbs
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- Manx terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Manx terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂neḱ-
- Manx terms inherited from Old Irish
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- Manx lemmas
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- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English nouns
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- Norwegian Bokmål non-lemma forms
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- Norwegian Nynorsk non-lemma forms
- Norwegian Nynorsk verb forms
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Irish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *terh₂-
- Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Irish lemmas
- Old Irish prepositions
- Pali terms inherited from Sanskrit
- Pali terms derived from Sanskrit
- Pali lemmas
- Pali roots
- Polish 1-syllable words
- Polish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Polish/ar
- Rhymes:Polish/ar/1 syllable
- Polish non-lemma forms
- Polish noun forms
- Portuguese 1-syllable words
- Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Portuguese 2-syllable words
- Rhymes:Portuguese/aɾ
- Rhymes:Portuguese/aɾ/1 syllable
- Portuguese lemmas
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- European Portuguese
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