sugár
See also: sugar
Hungarian
Etymology
súg (“to whisper”) + -ár (noun-forming suffix). The verb súg has a sound-immitating origin of rustling sound, so the original meaning of sugár may have been a rustling object. The several other current meanings are the result of a name transfer process. The geometry sense of radius was patterned after Latin, compare radius (“ray; staff, rod; spoke of a wheel”).[1]
Pronunciation
Noun
sugár (plural sugarak)
- ray, beam (of light or radiation)
- jet, spurt, stream (of liquid)
- (geometry) radius (a line segment between any point of a circle or sphere and its center)
Declension
Inflection (stem in -a-, back harmony) | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
nominative | sugár | sugarak |
accusative | sugarat | sugarakat |
dative | sugárnak | sugaraknak |
instrumental | sugárral | sugarakkal |
causal-final | sugárért | sugarakért |
translative | sugárrá | sugarakká |
terminative | sugárig | sugarakig |
essive-formal | sugárként | sugarakként |
essive-modal | — | — |
inessive | sugárban | sugarakban |
superessive | sugáron | sugarakon |
adessive | sugárnál | sugaraknál |
illative | sugárba | sugarakba |
sublative | sugárra | sugarakra |
allative | sugárhoz | sugarakhoz |
elative | sugárból | sugarakból |
delative | sugárról | sugarakról |
ablative | sugártól | sugaraktól |
non-attributive possessive - singular |
sugáré | sugaraké |
non-attributive possessive - plural |
sugáréi | sugarakéi |
Possessive forms of sugár | ||
---|---|---|
possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
1st person sing. | sugaram | sugaraim |
2nd person sing. | sugarad | sugaraid |
3rd person sing. | sugara | sugarai |
1st person plural | sugarunk | sugaraink |
2nd person plural | sugaratok | sugaraitok |
3rd person plural | sugaruk | sugaraik |
Derived terms
(Compound words):
References
- ^ sugár in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
- sugár in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh: A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (’An Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN