sugár
See also: sugar
Hungarian
Etymology
súg (“to whisper”) + -ár (noun-forming suffix). The verb súg has a sound-immitating origin of rustling sound, so the original meaning of sugár may have been a rustling object. The several other current meanings are the result of a name transfer process. The geometry sense of radius was patterned after Latin, compare radius (“ray; staff, rod; spoke of a wheel”).[1]
Pronunciation
Noun
sugár (plural sugarak)
- ray, beam (of light or radiation)
- jet, spurt, stream (of liquid)
- (geometry) radius (a line segment between any point of a circle or sphere and its center)
Declension
| Inflection (stem in -a-, back harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | sugár | sugarak |
| accusative | sugarat | sugarakat |
| dative | sugárnak | sugaraknak |
| instrumental | sugárral | sugarakkal |
| causal-final | sugárért | sugarakért |
| translative | sugárrá | sugarakká |
| terminative | sugárig | sugarakig |
| essive-formal | sugárként | sugarakként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | sugárban | sugarakban |
| superessive | sugáron | sugarakon |
| adessive | sugárnál | sugaraknál |
| illative | sugárba | sugarakba |
| sublative | sugárra | sugarakra |
| allative | sugárhoz | sugarakhoz |
| elative | sugárból | sugarakból |
| delative | sugárról | sugarakról |
| ablative | sugártól | sugaraktól |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
sugáré | sugaraké |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
sugáréi | sugarakéi |
| Possessive forms of sugár | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
| 1st person sing. | sugaram | sugaraim |
| 2nd person sing. | sugarad | sugaraid |
| 3rd person sing. | sugara | sugarai |
| 1st person plural | sugarunk | sugaraink |
| 2nd person plural | sugaratok | sugaraitok |
| 3rd person plural | sugaruk | sugaraik |
Derived terms
(Compound words):
References
- ^ sugár in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
Further reading
- sugár in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh: A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (’An Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN