suspendre

See also: suspendré

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin suspendere.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Northern) [susˈpe̞n.dɾə]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic) [susˈpən.dɾə]
• IPA^(key): (Central) [susˈpɛn.dɾə]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia, Northwestern) [susˈpen.dɾe]

• Audio (Barcelona):

  (file)

Verb

suspendre (first-person singular present suspenc, first-person singular preterite suspenguí, past participle suspès); root stress: (Northern) /e̞/; (Balearic) /ə/; (Central) /ɛ/; (Northwestern, Valencia) /e/(transitive)

1. to suspend, to hang
2. to suspend, to hold off, defer momentarily
3. to suspend from work, duties, etc.
4. to fail, to not pass, to flunk

Conjugation

    Central Catalan conjugation of suspendre (second conjugation, irregular, with velar infix)

infinitive			suspendre
gerund			suspenent
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		suspès		suspesa
		plural		suspesos		suspeses
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	suspenc	suspens	suspèn	suspenem	suspeneu	suspenen
	imperfect	suspenia	suspenies	suspenia	suspeníem	suspeníeu	suspenien
	future	suspendré	suspendràs	suspendrà	suspendrem	suspendreu	suspendran
	preterite	suspenguí	suspengueres	suspengué	suspenguérem	suspenguéreu	suspengueren
	conditional	suspendria	suspendries	suspendria	suspendríem	suspendríeu	suspendrien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	suspengui	suspenguis	suspengui	suspenguem	suspengueu	suspenguin
	imperfect	suspengués	suspenguessis	suspengués	suspenguéssim	suspenguéssiu	suspenguessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	suspèn	suspengui	suspenguem	suspeneu	suspenguin
	negative (no)	—	no suspenguis	no suspengui	no suspenguem	no suspengueu	no suspenguin

Related terms

• suspens
• suspensió
• suspensiu
• suspensor

Further reading

• “suspendre”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin suspendere. Cf. also Old French souspendre, soupendre, which disappeared under the influence of the Latin.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sys.pɑ̃dʁ/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Audio (France (Toulouse)):

  (file)

• Audio (France (Vosges)):

  (file)

• Audio (France (Somain)):

  (file)

Verb

suspendre

1. to suspend (hang freely)
2. to suspend (temporarily cancel or expel)

Conjugation

Conjugation of suspendre (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	suspendre
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	suspendant /sys.pɑ̃.dɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		suspendu /sys.pɑ̃.dy/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	suspends /sys.pɑ̃/	suspends /sys.pɑ̃/	suspend /sys.pɑ̃/	suspendons /sys.pɑ̃.dɔ̃/	suspendez /sys.pɑ̃.de/	suspendent /sys.pɑ̃d/
	imperfect	suspendais /sys.pɑ̃.dɛ/	suspendais /sys.pɑ̃.dɛ/	suspendait /sys.pɑ̃.dɛ/	suspendions /sys.pɑ̃.djɔ̃/	suspendiez /sys.pɑ̃.dje/	suspendaient /sys.pɑ̃.dɛ/
	past historic2	suspendis /sys.pɑ̃.di/	suspendis /sys.pɑ̃.di/	suspendit /sys.pɑ̃.di/	suspendîmes /sys.pɑ̃.dim/	suspendîtes /sys.pɑ̃.dit/	suspendirent /sys.pɑ̃.diʁ/
	future	suspendrai /sys.pɑ̃.dʁe/	suspendras /sys.pɑ̃.dʁa/	suspendra /sys.pɑ̃.dʁa/	suspendrons /sys.pɑ̃.dʁɔ̃/	suspendrez /sys.pɑ̃.dʁe/	suspendront /sys.pɑ̃.dʁɔ̃/
	conditional	suspendrais /sys.pɑ̃.dʁɛ/	suspendrais /sys.pɑ̃.dʁɛ/	suspendrait /sys.pɑ̃.dʁɛ/	suspendrions /sys.pɑ̃.dʁi.jɔ̃/	suspendriez /sys.pɑ̃.dʁi.je/	suspendraient /sys.pɑ̃.dʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	suspende /sys.pɑ̃d/	suspendes /sys.pɑ̃d/	suspende /sys.pɑ̃d/	suspendions /sys.pɑ̃.djɔ̃/	suspendiez /sys.pɑ̃.dje/	suspendent /sys.pɑ̃d/
	imperfect2	suspendisse /sys.pɑ̃.dis/	suspendisses /sys.pɑ̃.dis/	suspendît /sys.pɑ̃.di/	suspendissions /sys.pɑ̃.di.sjɔ̃/	suspendissiez /sys.pɑ̃.di.sje/	suspendissent /sys.pɑ̃.dis/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	suspends /sys.pɑ̃/	—	suspendons /sys.pɑ̃.dɔ̃/	suspendez /sys.pɑ̃.de/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Derived terms

• pont suspendu

Related terms

• pendre
• suspens
• suspension

Descendants

• Haitian Creole: sispann

Further reading

• “suspendre”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012