syntagma

English

Etymology

From Late Latin syntagma, from Ancient Greek σύνταγμα (súntagma, “orderly arrangement”), from συντάσσω (suntássō, “arrange together”, “to order”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: sĭntăgʹmə, IPA^(key): /sɪnˈtæɡmə/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -æɡmə

Noun

syntagma (plural syntagmata or syntagmas)

1. (linguistics) A constituent segment within a text, such as a word or a phrase that forms a syntactic unit.

   Alternative form: syntagm

   Hyponyms: phoneme, word, phrase, sentence

   The syntagma “the God of peace” (in Greek ὁ Θεὸς τῆς εἰρήνης) occurs in all undisputed Pauline letters.

2. (semiotics) An arrangement of units that together bears a meaning.

   To combine a sequence of shots into a larger syntagma, there has to be a connection between the successive shots.

   • 1825, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, “Aphorisms on that which is indeed spiritual religion”, in Aids to Reflection‎^[1], page 198:

     The Gospel is not a system of Theology, nor a Syntagma of theoretical propositions and conclusions for the enlargement of speculative knowledge, ethical or metaphysical.

   • 1974, “A note on teminology”, in Michael Taylor, transl., Film Language: A Semiotics of the Cinema, New York: Oxford University Press, translation of original by Christian Metz, page x:

     A syntagma is, consequently, a unit of actual relationship, while a paradigm is a unit of potential relationship.

   • 2000, James Monaco, “The language of film: signs and syntax”, in How to Read a Film: The World of Movies, Media, and Multimedia : Language, History, Theory, Oxford University Press, USA, →ISBN, page 220:

     Note that [Christian] Metz is interested in narrative elements—syntagmas—that can exist within shots as well as between them, an important refinement since, as we have already indicated, the effects of many types of montage can be accomplished within a shot without actually cutting.

   • 2000, Warren Buckland, The Cognitive Semiotics of Film‎^[2], Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 125:

     So he gives us a sort of potential sequence—an undetermined sequence—that represents a new type of syntagma, a novel form of the “logic of montage,” but that remains entirely a figure of narrativity.

3. (Ancient Greece) A Macedonian phalanx fighting formation consisting of 256 men with long spears (sarissae).

   The men forming the syntagma were arranged in a square of sixteen files of sixteen.

4. (biology, dated) An organized structural, functional unit of anatomical or chemical subunits.

   Synonym: tagma

5. (publishing) A treatise or compendium.
   • 1905 [1878], John Morley, Diderot and the Encyclopædists‎^[3], volume 1:

     Though he informs us in the preface that his object was to trace the outlines of the great "latifundium regni philosophici" in a single syntagma, yet he really does no more than arrange a number of separate treatises or manuals, and even dictionaries, within the limits of a couple of folios.

Derived terms

• syntagmatic

Related terms

• syntax
• syntaxis
• tagma

Translations

syntactic arrangement

• Esperanto: sintagmo
• Finnish: syntagma (fi)
• French: syntagme (fr) m
• Galician: sintagma (gl) m
• German: Syntagma (de) n
• Polish: syntagma (pl) f
• Portuguese: sintagma (pt) m
• Romanian: sintagmă (ro) f
• Russian: синта́гма (ru) f (sintágma)
• Serbo-Croatian: синтагма f (sintagma), sintagma (sh) f
• Spanish: sintagma (es) m
• Swedish: syntagm

semiotic arrangement

• Esperanto: sintagmo
• Finnish: syntagma (fi)
• French: syntagme (fr) m
• Galician: sintagma (gl) m
• German: Syntagma (de) n
• Polish: syntagma (pl) f
• Portuguese: sintagma (pt) m
• Romanian: sintagmă (ro) f
• Russian: синта́гма (ru) f (sintágma)
• Serbo-Croatian: синтагма f (sintagma), sintagma (sh) f
• Spanish: sintagma (es) m
• Swedish: syntagm

Macedonian phalanx

• Finnish: syntagma (fi)
• Greek: σύνταγμα (el) n (sýntagma)
• Spanish: falange Macedónica f

See also

• paradigm

Further reading

• William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin Eli Smith, editors (1895–1910), “syntagma”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.

Czech

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [ˈsɪntaɡma]

Noun

syntagma n (relational adjective syntagmatický)

1. a syntagma

   Synonym: skladebná dvojice

Declension

Declension of syntagma (ma-stem neuter reducible)

	singular	plural
nominative	syntagma	syntagmata
genitive	syntagmatu	syntagmat
dative	syntagmatu	syntagmatům
accusative	syntagma	syntagmata
vocative	syntagma	syntagmata
locative	syntagmatu	syntagmatech
instrumental	syntagmatem	syntagmaty

Finnish

Etymology

From Ancient Greek σύνταγμα (súntagma).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsyntɑɡmɑ/, [ˈs̠yn̪t̪ɑ̝ɡmɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -yntɑɡmɑ
• Syllabification^(key): syn‧tag‧ma
• Hyphenation^(key): syn‧tag‧ma

Noun

syntagma

1. syntagma

Declension

Inflection of syntagma (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative		syntagma	syntagmat
genitive		syntagman	syntagmojen
partitive		syntagmaa	syntagmoja
illative		syntagmaan	syntagmoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		syntagma	syntagmat
accusative	nom.	syntagma	syntagmat
	gen.	syntagman
genitive		syntagman	syntagmojen syntagmain rare
partitive		syntagmaa	syntagmoja
inessive		syntagmassa	syntagmoissa
elative		syntagmasta	syntagmoista
illative		syntagmaan	syntagmoihin
adessive		syntagmalla	syntagmoilla
ablative		syntagmalta	syntagmoilta
allative		syntagmalle	syntagmoille
essive		syntagmana	syntagmoina
translative		syntagmaksi	syntagmoiksi
abessive		syntagmatta	syntagmoitta
instructive		—	syntagmoin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of syntagma (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative syntagmani syntagmani accusative nom. syntagmani syntagmani gen. syntagmani genitive syntagmani syntagmojeni syntagmaini rare partitive syntagmaani syntagmojani inessive syntagmassani syntagmoissani elative syntagmastani syntagmoistani illative syntagmaani syntagmoihini adessive syntagmallani syntagmoillani ablative syntagmaltani syntagmoiltani allative syntagmalleni syntagmoilleni essive syntagmanani syntagmoinani translative syntagmakseni syntagmoikseni abessive syntagmattani syntagmoittani instructive — — comitative — syntagmoineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative syntagmasi syntagmasi accusative nom. syntagmasi syntagmasi gen. syntagmasi genitive syntagmasi syntagmojesi syntagmaisi rare partitive syntagmaasi syntagmojasi inessive syntagmassasi syntagmoissasi elative syntagmastasi syntagmoistasi illative syntagmaasi syntagmoihisi adessive syntagmallasi syntagmoillasi ablative syntagmaltasi syntagmoiltasi allative syntagmallesi syntagmoillesi essive syntagmanasi syntagmoinasi translative syntagmaksesi syntagmoiksesi abessive syntagmattasi syntagmoittasi instructive — — comitative — syntagmoinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative syntagmamme syntagmamme accusative nom. syntagmamme syntagmamme gen. syntagmamme genitive syntagmamme syntagmojemme syntagmaimme rare partitive syntagmaamme syntagmojamme inessive syntagmassamme syntagmoissamme elative syntagmastamme syntagmoistamme illative syntagmaamme syntagmoihimme adessive syntagmallamme syntagmoillamme ablative syntagmaltamme syntagmoiltamme allative syntagmallemme syntagmoillemme essive syntagmanamme syntagmoinamme translative syntagmaksemme syntagmoiksemme abessive syntagmattamme syntagmoittamme instructive — — comitative — syntagmoinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative syntagmanne syntagmanne accusative nom. syntagmanne syntagmanne gen. syntagmanne genitive syntagmanne syntagmojenne syntagmainne rare partitive syntagmaanne syntagmojanne inessive syntagmassanne syntagmoissanne elative syntagmastanne syntagmoistanne illative syntagmaanne syntagmoihinne adessive syntagmallanne syntagmoillanne ablative syntagmaltanne syntagmoiltanne allative syntagmallenne syntagmoillenne essive syntagmananne syntagmoinanne translative syntagmaksenne syntagmoiksenne abessive syntagmattanne syntagmoittanne instructive — — comitative — syntagmoinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative syntagmansa syntagmansa accusative nom. syntagmansa syntagmansa gen. syntagmansa genitive syntagmansa syntagmojensa syntagmainsa rare partitive syntagmaansa syntagmojaan syntagmojansa inessive syntagmassaan syntagmassansa syntagmoissaan syntagmoissansa elative syntagmastaan syntagmastansa syntagmoistaan syntagmoistansa illative syntagmaansa syntagmoihinsa adessive syntagmallaan syntagmallansa syntagmoillaan syntagmoillansa ablative syntagmaltaan syntagmaltansa syntagmoiltaan syntagmoiltansa allative syntagmalleen syntagmallensa syntagmoilleen syntagmoillensa essive syntagmanaan syntagmanansa syntagmoinaan syntagmoinansa translative syntagmakseen syntagmaksensa syntagmoikseen syntagmoiksensa abessive syntagmattaan syntagmattansa syntagmoittaan syntagmoittansa instructive — — comitative — syntagmoineen syntagmoinensa