tension

See also: tensión

English

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tension

Wikipedia

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *ten-

Proto-Indo-European *tend-

Proto-Indo-European *-eti

Proto-Indo-European *téndeti

Proto-Italic *tendō

Latin tendō

Proto-Indo-European *-tis

Proto-Indo-European *-Hō

Proto-Indo-European *-tiHō

Proto-Italic *-tiō

Latin -tiō

Latin tēnsiōder.

Middle French tensionbor.

English tension

Borrowed from Middle French tension, from Latin tēnsiō.

Pronunciation

(General American) IPA^(key): /ˈtɛnʃən/
(Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈtɛnʃn̩/, enPR: tĕnʹ-shn
Audio (Southern England): (file)
Rhymes: -ɛnʃən
Hyphenation: ten‧sion

Noun

tension (countable and uncountable, plural tensions)

The condition of being held in a state between two or more forces, which are acting in opposition to each other.
My tensions with Eric over his alleged past actions have been fully resolved.
A psychological state of being tense.
A feeling of nervousness, excitement, or fear that is created in a movie, book, etc.; suspense.
- 1983, Wendy Griswold, “The Devil's Techniques: Cultural Legitimation and Social Change”, in American Sociological Review‎^[1], volume 48, number 5, page 670b of 668–680:
  This popular characterization of the Devil incorporates the Trickster archetype. Both are smart, energetic, lying, quick to take advantage of an opportunity. Both have latent narrative appeal in their generation of tension and conflict, their unpredictability, their defiance of hierarchy and authority.
(physics, engineering) The state of an elastic object which is stretched in a way which increases its length.
(physics, engineering) A force transmitted through a rope, string, cable, or similar object (used with prepositions on, in, or of, e.g., "The tension in the cable is 1000 N", to convey that the same magnitude of force applies to objects attached to both ends).
- 1959 June, “Clacton and Walton Electrification”, in Railway Magazine, page 379:
  Most of the overhead system is of the weight-tensioned type, constant tension being automatically applied by balance weights.
(physics, engineering) Voltage.

Usage notes

Of the sixth sense, usually only the terms low tension, high tension, and extra-high tension, and the abbreviations LT, HT, and EHT are used. They are not precisely defined; LT is normally a few volts, HT a few hundreds of volts, and EHT thousands of volts.

Derived terms

Suffixed forms

Prefixed forms

Other derivations

Related terms

tensile

Descendants

→ Japanese: テンション (tenshon, “excitement”)
- → Korean: 텐션 (tensyeon)

Translations

condition of being held in a state between two or more forces

Bulgarian: опъ́ване (bg) n (opắvane), разтя́гане (bg) n (raztjágane)
Esperanto: tensio
Maltese: tensjoni f
Russian: натяже́ние (ru) n (natjažénije)
Welsh: tensiwn m

psychological state

Arabic: تَوَتُّر m (tawattur)
Armenian: լարում (hy) (larum)
Bulgarian: безпоко́йство (bg) n (bezpokójstvo)
Catalan: tensió f
Chinese:
Mandarin: 緊張 / 紧张 (zh) (jǐnzhāng), 不安 (zh) (bù'ān)
Czech: napětí (cs) n
Danish: spænding (da) c
Dutch: spanning (nl) f
Esperanto: streĉo
Finnish: jännitys (fi), jännite (fi)
French: tension (fr)
Georgian: დაძაბულობა (daʒabuloba)
German: Spannung (de) f
Greek:
Ancient Greek: συντονία f (suntonía)
Hebrew: מֶתַח (he) m (métakh)
Hindi: तनाव (hi) m (tanāv)
Hungarian: feszültség (hu)
Ido: tenso (io), tenseso (io)
Irish: teannas m
Italian: tensione (it) f
Japanese: 緊張 (ja) (きんちょう, kinchō), 不安 (ja) (ふあん, fuan)
Korean: 긴장(緊張) (ko) (ginjang), 불안(不安) (ko) (buran)
Latin: intentiō f
Maltese: tensjoni f
Māori: tanuku
Norwegian:
Bokmål: spenning (no) m or f

Nynorsk: spenning f
Persian:
Iranian Persian: تَنِش (fa) (taneš)
Portuguese: tensão (pt) f
Romanian: tensiune (ro) f, încordare (ro) f
Russian: напряжённость (ru) f (naprjažónnostʹ), напряже́ние (ru) n (naprjažénije), натя́нутость (ru) f (natjánutostʹ)
Scottish Gaelic: sàrachadh m
Slovak: napätie n
Spanish: tensión (es) f
Swedish: spänning (sv) c
Turkish: gerginlik (tr)
Ukrainian: напру́га f (naprúha), напру́ження n (naprúžennja)
Urdu: کَشِیدَگی f (kaśīdagī), تَناؤ m (tanāo)
Welsh: tensiwn m

state of an elastic object

Arabic: شَدّ (ar) m (šadd)
Belarusian: нацяжэ́нне n (nacjažénnje), нацяжэ́ньне n (nacjažénʹnje), расцяжэ́нне n (rascjažénnje), расьцяжэ́ньне n (rasʹcjažénʹnje), ро́сцяг m (róscjah), ро́сьцяг m (rósʹcjah)
Chinese:
Mandarin: 張力 / 张力 (zh) (zhānglì)
Danish: spænding (da) c
Dutch: spanning (nl) f
Esperanto: tensio
Finnish: jännitys (fi)
French: tension (fr) f, traction (fr) f
Georgian: გაჭიმვა (gač̣imva), ჭიმვა (č̣imva)
German: Spannung (de) f
Greek: εφελκυσμός (el) m (efelkysmós)
Hindi: खिंचाव (hi) m (khiñcāv), तान (hi) m (tān)
Ido: tenso (io), tenseso (io)
Indonesian: tegangan (id)
Italian: tensione (it) f
Japanese: 張力 (ja) (ちょうりょく, chōryoku)
Korean: 장력(張力) (ko) (jangnyeok)
Latin: tēnsiō f
Māori: renarena
Persian:
Iranian Persian: کِشِش (fa) (kešeš)
Polish: naciąg m
Portuguese: tensão (pt) f
Romanian: tensiune (ro) f, încordare (ro) f
Russian: натяже́ние (ru) n (natjažénije), растяже́ние (ru) n (rastjažénije)
Spanish: tensión (es) f
Tagalog: binit
Telugu: తన్యత (te) (tanyata)
Ukrainian: ро́зтяг m (róztjah), на́тяг m (nátjah)
Welsh: tensiwn m

voltage

Albanian: tension (sq) m
Arabic: جُهْد m (juhd), فُولْتِيَّة f (voltiyya)
Armenian: լարում (hy) (larum)
Azerbaijani: gərginlik
Belarusian: напру́жанне n (naprúžannje), напру́жаньне n (naprúžanʹnje), напру́га f (naprúha), вальта́ж m (valʹtáž)
Bhojpuri: तनाव (tanāv)
Bulgarian: напреже́ние (bg) n (naprežénie)
Burmese: ဗို့အား (my) (bui.a:)
Chinese:
Cantonese: 電壓 / 电压 (din⁶ aat³)

Hokkien: 電壓 / 电压 (tiān-ap)

Mandarin: 電壓 / 电压 (zh) (diànyā)
Czech: napětí (cs) n
Danish: spænding (da) c
Dutch: spanning (nl) f
Esperanto: tensio
Estonian: pinge (et)
Finnish: jännite (fi)
French: tension (fr) f
Georgian: ძაბვა (ʒabva)
German: Spannung (de) f
Greek: τάση (el) f (tási)
Hebrew: מֶתַח (he) m (métakh)
Hindi: विभवांतर m (vibhvāntar)
Hungarian: feszültség (hu)
Icelandic: rafspenna f, spenna (is) f, straumstyrkur m
Indonesian: tegangan (id), voltase (id), spaning (id)
Irish: teannas m
Italian: tensione (it) f, voltaggio (it) m
Japanese: 電圧 (ja) (でんあつ, den'atsu)
Kazakh: кернеу (kk) (kernew)
Khmer: តង់ស្យុង (tɑngsyong)
Korean: 전압(電壓) (ko) (jeonap)
Kyrgyz: чыңалуу (cıŋaluu)
Lao: ຄວາມດັນໄຟຟ້າ (khuām dan fai fā)
Latvian: spriegums m, voltāža f
Lithuanian: įtampa (lt) f
Macedonian: напон m (napon), волта́жа f (voltáža)
Malay: voltan, tegangan
Maltese: vultaġġ m
Mongolian:
Cyrillic: хүчдэл (mn) (xüčdel)
Norwegian:
Bokmål: spenning (no) m or f
Persian:
Iranian Persian: وُلْتاژ (fa) (voltâž)
Polish: napięcie (pl) n, woltaż (pl) m
Portuguese: tensão (pt) f, voltagem (pt) f
Romanian: tensiune (ro) f, voltaj (ro) n
Russian: напряже́ние (ru) n (naprjažénije), вольта́ж (ru) m (volʹtáž) (dated)
Serbo-Croatian:
Cyrillic: на́пон m

Latin: nápon (sh) m
Slovak: napätie n
Slovene: napetost f
Spanish: tensión (es) f
Swedish: spänning (sv) c
Tagalog: boltahe
Tajik: шиддат (šiddat)
Thai: แรงดันไฟฟ้า (rɛɛng-dan-fai-fáa), โวลเตจ (woon-dtèet)
Turkish: gerilim (tr)
Ukrainian: напру́га f (naprúha), напру́ження n (naprúžennja), вольта́ж m (volʹtáž)
Urdu: وولْٹیج m (volṭej), تَناؤ m (tanāo), جُہْد (juhd)
Uzbek: kuchlanish (uz)
Vietnamese: điện áp (vi) (電壓), hiệu điện thế (vi)

Verb

tension (third-person singular simple present tensions, present participle tensioning, simple past and past participle tensioned)