vald

See also: väld and våld

Estonian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *valta, from Proto-Germanic *waldą. Cognate to Finnish valta and Swedish våld.

Noun

vald (genitive valla, partitive valda)

1. parish, municipality

Declension

Declension of vald (ÕS type 22e/riik, d-l gradation)
		singular	plural
nominative		vald	vallad
accusative	nom.
	gen.	valla
genitive			valdade
partitive		valda	valde valdasid
illative		valda vallasse	valdadesse vallesse
inessive		vallas	valdades valles
elative		vallast	valdadest vallest
allative		vallale	valdadele vallele
adessive		vallal	valdadel vallel
ablative		vallalt	valdadelt vallelt
translative		vallaks	valdadeks valleks
terminative		vallani	valdadeni
essive		vallana	valdadena
abessive		vallata	valdadeta
comitative		vallaga	valdadega

Derived terms

• maavald (“Estonia”), valdkond (“field”)

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse vald, from Proto-Germanic *waldą.

Noun

vald n (genitive singular valds, uncountable)

1. power, authority

Declension

n5s	singular
	indefinite	definite
nominative	vald	valdið
accusative	vald	valdið
dative	valdi	valdinum
genitive	valds	valdsins

Derived terms

• valdmikil (powerful)
• kongsvald (monarchy)

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse vald, from Proto-Germanic *waldą.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /valt/
• Rhymes: -alt

Noun

vald n (genitive singular valds, nominative plural völd)

1. (also in the plural) power, authority
2. authority, power
   • Timothy 2:11-12 (English, Icelandic)

     Konan á að læra í kyrrþey, í allri undirgefni. Ekki leyfi ég konu að kenna eða taka sér vald yfir manninum, heldur á hún að vera kyrrlát.

     A woman should learn in quietness and full submission. I do not permit a woman to teach or to have authority over a man; she must be silent.

   • Revelation 6-11 (English and Icelandic)

     Og ég sá, og sjá: Bleikur hestur, og sá er á honum sat, hann hét Dauði, og Hel var í för með honum. Þeim var gefið vald yfir fjórða hluta jarðarinnar, til þess að deyða með sverði, með hungri og drepsótt og láta menn farast fyrir villidýrum jarðarinnar.

     I looked, and there before me was a pale horse! Its rider was named Death, and Hades was following close behind him. They were given power over a fourth of the earth to kill by sword, famine and plague, and by the wild beasts of the earth.

3. force, violence

   Með valdi.

   With force.

4. (in the plural) a cause

   Hún dó af þínum völdum.

   She died because of you.

Declension

Declension of vald (neuter)

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	vald	valdið	völd	völdin
accusative	vald	valdið	völd	völdin
dative	valdi	valdinu	völdum	völdunum
genitive	valds	valdsins	valda	valdanna

Synonyms

• (power): máttur
• (authority): forræði
• (violence): ofbeldi

Derived terms

• af völdum
• á valdi, vera á valdi
• hafa vald til
• heimsvaldastefna
• komast til valda
• taka með valdi
• upp úr öllu valdi

Livonian

Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-Finnic *valta, but not native (the native word is vālda). This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈvɑld/, [ˈvɑlˑd̥]

Noun

vald

1. state (polity)
2. government
3. power, right, authority

Declension

Declension of vald (135)

	singular (ikšlu’g)	plural (pǟgiņlu’g)
nominative (nominatīv)	vald	valdõd
genitive (genitīv)	vald	valdõd
partitive (partitīv)	valdõ	valdidi
dative (datīv)	valdõn	valdõdõn
instrumental (instrumentāl)	valdõks	valdõdõks
illative (illatīv)	valdõ	valdiž
inessive (inesīv)	valdõs	valdis
elative (elatīv)	valdõst	valdist

References

• Tiit-Rein Viitso; Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), “vald”, in Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎^[1] (in Estonian and Latvian), Tartu, Rīga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra

Ludian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *valta.

Noun

vald

1. might

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From Old Norse vald, from Proto-Germanic *waldą.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /val(d)/, [ʋɐ̞ld], [ʋɐ̞lː]

Noun

vald n (definite singular valdet, indefinite plural vald, definite plural valda)

1. might, power, authority

   Synonyms: makt, rådvelde, herredøme

2. (uncountable) violence
3. land, property

Derived terms

• valdtaka
• valdshandling

Related terms

Male given names:

• Arnald
• Audvalde
• Buteralde
• Bålvald
• Digeralde
• Domalde
• Einvald
• Farald
• Geirald, Geirvald
• Gjavvald
• Gunnvald
• Hagvald
• Harald, Hervald
• Heggvald
• Håvald
• Imald
• Ingevald, Ingjald
• Ivalde
• Kugalde
• Leggjalde
• Ogvald
• Olvalde
• Orald
• Ragnvald, Reginald
• Reinald
• Roald
• Rodvald
• Rævalde
• Rådvald
• Sigvald, Sigvalde
• Skjeggald, Skjeggvalde
• Skjervald
• Skollvald
• Svåvald
• Sævald, Sævalde
• Tjodvald
• Torald, Toralde, Torvald
• Trivalde
• Unnald
• Valdar
• Valde
• Valdrik
• Veald
• Verald
• Vigvald
• Vinald, Vinalde
• Øyvald
• Åsvald, Åsvalde
• Åvalde

Female given names:

• Valdny

Noun

vald m (definite singular valden, uncountable)

1. violence

Etymology 2

Participle

vald

1. past participle of velja

References

• “vald” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
• “vald” in Ivar Aasen (1873) Norsk Ordbog med dansk Forklaring

Swedish

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Participle

vald

1. past participle of välja

Adjective

vald

1. elected, chosen

Declension

Inflection of vald

Indefinite	positive	comparative	superlative1
common singular	vald	—	—
neuter singular	valt	—	—
plural	valda	—	—
masculine plural2	valde	—	—
Definite	positive	comparative	superlative
masculine singular3	valde	—	—
all	valda	—	—

¹ The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative.
² Dated or archaic.
³ Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine.

Related terms

• bortvald
• invald
• nyvald
• omvald
• utvald

Veps

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *valta, from Proto-Germanic *waldą.

Noun

vald

1. power, authority
2. regime, government
3. freedom, liberty
4. space, room

Inflection

Inflection of vald (inflection type 5/sana)
nominative sing.	vald
genitive sing.	valdan
partitive sing.	valdad
partitive plur.	valdoid
	singular	plural
nominative	vald	valdad
accusative	valdan	valdad
genitive	valdan	valdoiden
partitive	valdad	valdoid
essive-instructive	valdan	valdoin
translative	valdaks	valdoikš
inessive	valdas	valdoiš
elative	valdaspäi	valdoišpäi
illative	valdaha	valdoihe
adessive	valdal	valdoil
ablative	valdalpäi	valdoilpäi
allative	valdale	valdoile
abessive	valdata	valdoita
comitative	valdanke	valdoidenke
prolative	valdadme	valdoidme
approximative I	valdanno	valdoidenno
approximative II	valdannoks	valdoidennoks
egressive	valdannopäi	valdoidennopäi
terminative I	valdahasai	valdoihesai
terminative II	valdalesai	valdoilesai
terminative III	valdassai	—
additive I	valdahapäi	valdoihepäi
additive II	valdalepäi	valdoilepäi

Derived terms

• arvvald
• ičevald
• naižvald
• nägivald
• rahvahanvald
• valdankumaiduz
• valdannavedii
• valdanpidäi
• valdhonuz
• valdištim
• valdkirjeine
• valdkund
• valdmeri
• valdmezʹ
• valdoiktuzʹ

References

• Zajceva, N. G.; Mullonen, M. I. (2007), “власть, воля, простор, раздолье, режим, свобода”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary]‎^[2], Petrozavodsk: Periodika