vatër

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See also: váter, vàter, Vater, and Väter

Albanian[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Likely inherited from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₁ter- (“fire”), whence also Proto-Iranian *HáHtr̥š (“fire”) and Latin āter (“black, darkened *(by fire)”), ātrium (“room *(where the fire is)”).[1][2][3] Also found in Balkan Romance and most Slavic languages, although the presence of va- ~ vo- originating from earlier *o (cf. vadhë, varfër, vesh, etc.), itself from earlier *ā, reaveals it as an originally Albanian term, or more generally a Paleo-Balkan one, then borrowed in the other languages.[4][5][6][7][8] It arrived in some Slavic languages likely through Balkan Romance.[4][9][10] An early borrowing from Latin āter, ātrium, although it cannot be entirely ruled out,[1] is improbable,[11] while a borrowing from Iranian[4] is deemed unlikely due to geographical-historical reasons and the semantic field of the term.[11][1] Compare French foyer and German Fokus, Brennpunkt for the scientifical senses.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

vatër f (plural vatra, definite vatra, definite plural vatrat)

  1. hearth, fireplace
    vatër zjarri ― fireplace
  2. hearth, hearthstone (of an oven, stove, etc.)
    vatër furre ― hearth of the oven
  3. small patch, strip of land
    Synonyms: lehe, vulla
  4. (figurative) home, birthplace; family
    Synonyms: vendlindje; familje
  5. (figurative) cradle, hotbed
    Synonyms: çerdhe, djep
    vatër kulture ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    vatër malarieje ― hotbed of malaria
  6. (geometry) focus (of a conic)
  7. (optics) focus, focal point
  8. (anatomy) nerve centre
  9. (medicine) main location of an infection or disease
  10. a lot, many
    Synonyms: shumë, tufë
    një vatër miq ― a lot of friends

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

(All related terms placed here for convenience, the exact trajectory is most likely more complex. See § Etymology for more details.)

  • → Balkan Romance:
    • Aromanian: vatrã, veatrã
    • Istro-Romanian: votrę
    • Megleno-Romanian: vatră
    • Romanian: vatră
  • → Slavic:
  • → Hungarian: vatra (dialectal)
  • → Romani:
    Balkan Romani: vatra — Crimean
    Carpathian Romani: vatra — East Slovak
    Vlax Romani: vatra — Kalderaš, Lovara

References[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Demiraj, B. (1997) “vát/ër,-ra”, in Albanische Etymologien: Untersuchungen zum albanischen Erbwortschatz [Albanian Etymologies: […]] (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 7)‎[1] (in German), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, page 410ff.
  2. ^ Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 263
  3. ^ Curtis, Matthew C. (2017–2018) “Chapter XV: Albanian”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The dialectology of Albanian, page 1805
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “vatër ~ votër”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 495f.
  5. ^ Domosileckaja, M. V. (2002) Albansko-vostočnoromanskij sopostavitelʹnyj ponjatijnyj slovarʹ: Skotovodčeskaja leksika [Albanian – Eastern Romance Comparative Conceptual Dictionary: The Pastoral Vocabulary] (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Nauka, →ISBN, page 457
  6. ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “ватра”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 123
  7. ^ Nikolaḯdis, K. (1909) “βάτρᾰ”, in Ετυμολογικόν λεξικόν της Κουτσοβλαχικής γλώσσης [Etymologikón lexikón tis Koutsovlachikís glóssis] (in Greek), Athens: Τύποις Π. Δ. Σακελλαρίου [Týpois P. D. Sakellaríou], page 114
  8. ^ “vatër” in Hrvatski jezični portal
  9. ^ Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “ватра”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
  10. ^ Brückner, Aleksander (1927) “watra”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), Warsaw: Wiedza Powszechna
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 Meyer, G. (1891) “vatrɛ”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch der albanesischen Sprache [Etymological Dictionary of the Albanian Language] (in German), Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, →DOI, page 464f.

Further reading[edit]

  • “vát/ër,~ra”, in FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language]‎[2] (in Albanian), 1980, page 2117ab
  • AIS: Sprach- und Sachatlas Italiens und der Südschweiz [Linguistic and Ethnographic Atlas of Italy and Southern Switzerland] – map 931: “il focolare” – on navigais-web.pd.istc.cnr.it
  • Mann, S. E. (1948) “vatër”, in An Historical Albanian–English Dictionary, London: Longmans, Green & Co., page 546b
  • vatër on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
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