yn
Manx
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Old Irish in (compare Scottish Gaelic and Irish an).
Article
yn
Related terms
References
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 in”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Middle English
Etymology 1
From Old English inn.
Noun
yn
- Alternative form of in (“inn”)
Etymology 2
From Old English in.
Preposition
yn
- Alternative form of in (“in”)
Etymology 3
From Old English inne.
Adverb
yn
- Alternative form of in (“in”)
Middle Welsh
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Particle
yn
- grammatical particle used in conjunction with bot (“to be”) to mark adjectival, nominal, or verbal complements
- grammatical particle used to change an adjective into an adverb
Etymology 2
From Proto-Brythonic *ɨn, from Proto-Celtic *eni.
Preposition
yn
Etymology 3
Alternative forms
Determiner
yn
Descendants
- Welsh: ein
Welsh
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Alternative forms
- ’n (used after a vowel)
Particle
yn
- grammatical particle used in conjunction with bod (“to be”) to mark adjectival, nominal, or verbal complements
- Mae Tom yn darllen.
- Tom is reading.
- Mae Tom yn gysglyd.
- Tom is sleepy.
- Mae Tom yn fachgen.
- Tom is a boy.
- grammatical particle used to change an adjective into an adverb
- yn dda ― well
- yn fawr ― greatly
- yn wir ― truly
Usage notes
This particle causes the soft mutation (lenition) in all consonant sounds except for /r̥/ (spelt <rh>) and /ɬ/ (<ll>) in nouns and adjectives following it, but not in verbs. Thus in the above examples, cysglyd (an adjective meaning "sleepy") and bachgen (a noun meaning "boy") have been mutated to gysglyd and fachgen, but darllen (a verb meaning "to read") has not been mutated.
Etymology 2
From Proto-Brythonic *ɨn, from Proto-Celtic *eni.
Preposition
yn
- in (definite nouns)
- Mae hi'n byw yng Nghaerdydd.
- She lives in Cardiff.
- Ydyn ni'n astudio yn y Brifysgol ym Mangor
- We're studying in the University in Bangor.
Usage notes
- This preposition causes the nasal mutation. Before g and c it becomes yng, before p, b and sometimes m it becomes ym. In some areas the spoken language applies a soft mutation rather than a nasal one to the following word, but in written language the nasal is constant.
- Yn is used with definite nouns. Its equivalent for indefinite nouns is mewn.
Inflection
Alternative forms
Related terms
West Frisian
Etymology
From Old Frisian in, from Proto-Germanic *in, from Proto-Indo-European *en.
Preposition
yn
Derived terms
Further reading
- “yn”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011
Categories:
- Manx terms inherited from Old Irish
- Manx terms derived from Old Irish
- Manx lemmas
- Manx articles
- Middle English terms inherited from Old English
- Middle English terms derived from Old English
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English nouns
- Middle English prepositions
- Middle English adverbs
- Middle Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation
- Middle Welsh lemmas
- Middle Welsh particles
- Middle Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic
- Middle Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic
- Middle Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Middle Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Middle Welsh prepositions
- Middle Welsh determiners
- Middle Welsh possessive determiners
- Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation
- Welsh lemmas
- Welsh particles
- Welsh terms with usage examples
- Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Brythonic
- Welsh terms derived from Proto-Brythonic
- Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Welsh prepositions
- West Frisian terms inherited from Old Frisian
- West Frisian terms derived from Old Frisian
- West Frisian terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- West Frisian terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- West Frisian terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- West Frisian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- West Frisian lemmas
- West Frisian prepositions