عطر
Arabic[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Root |
---|
ع ط ر (ʕ-ṭ-r) |
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
عِطْر • (ʕiṭr) m (plural عُطُور (ʕuṭūr) or عُطُورَات (ʕuṭūrāt))
Declension[edit]
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | عِطْر ʕiṭr |
الْعِطْر al-ʕiṭr |
عِطْر ʕiṭr |
Nominative | عِطْرٌ ʕiṭrun |
الْعِطْرُ al-ʕiṭru |
عِطْرُ ʕiṭru |
Accusative | عِطْرًا ʕiṭran |
الْعِطْرَ al-ʕiṭra |
عِطْرَ ʕiṭra |
Genitive | عِطْرٍ ʕiṭrin |
الْعِطْرِ al-ʕiṭri |
عِطْرِ ʕiṭri |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | عِطْرَيْن ʕiṭrayn |
الْعِطْرَيْن al-ʕiṭrayn |
عِطْرَيْ ʕiṭray |
Nominative | عِطْرَانِ ʕiṭrāni |
الْعِطْرَانِ al-ʕiṭrāni |
عِطْرَا ʕiṭrā |
Accusative | عِطْرَيْنِ ʕiṭrayni |
الْعِطْرَيْنِ al-ʕiṭrayni |
عِطْرَيْ ʕiṭray |
Genitive | عِطْرَيْنِ ʕiṭrayni |
الْعِطْرَيْنِ al-ʕiṭrayni |
عِطْرَيْ ʕiṭray |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote; sound feminine plural | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | عُطُور; عُطُورَات ʕuṭūr; ʕuṭūrāt |
الْعُطُور; الْعُطُورَات al-ʕuṭūr; al-ʕuṭūrāt |
عُطُور; عُطُورَات ʕuṭūr; ʕuṭūrāt |
Nominative | عُطُورٌ; عُطُورَاتٌ ʕuṭūrun; ʕuṭūrātun |
الْعُطُورُ; الْعُطُورَاتُ al-ʕuṭūru; al-ʕuṭūrātu |
عُطُورُ; عُطُورَاتُ ʕuṭūru; ʕuṭūrātu |
Accusative | عُطُورًا; عُطُورَاتٍ ʕuṭūran; ʕuṭūrātin |
الْعُطُورَ; الْعُطُورَاتِ al-ʕuṭūra; al-ʕuṭūrāti |
عُطُورَ; عُطُورَاتِ ʕuṭūra; ʕuṭūrāti |
Genitive | عُطُورٍ; عُطُورَاتٍ ʕuṭūrin; ʕuṭūrātin |
الْعُطُورِ; الْعُطُورَاتِ al-ʕuṭūri; al-ʕuṭūrāti |
عُطُورِ; عُطُورَاتِ ʕuṭūri; ʕuṭūrāti |
Descendants[edit]
- Gulf Arabic: عطر (ʕiṭir)
- Hijazi Arabic: عطر (ʕiṭir)
- → Azerbaijani: ətir
- → Ottoman Turkish: عطر (itr)
- Turkish: ıtır
- → Classical Persian: عطر ('itr) (see there for further descendants)
- → Uzbek: atir
Etymology 2[edit]
Denominal verb from عِطْر (ʕiṭr, “perfume”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
عَطَّرَ • (ʕaṭṭara) II, non-past يُعَطِّرُ (yuʕaṭṭiru)
- to perfume
Conjugation[edit]
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
taʕṭīr | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
muʕaṭṭir | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
muʕaṭṭar | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʕaṭṭartu |
ʕaṭṭarta |
عَطَّرَ ʕaṭṭara |
ʕaṭṭartumā |
ʕaṭṭarā |
ʕaṭṭarnā |
ʕaṭṭartum |
ʕaṭṭarū | |||
f | ʕaṭṭarti |
ʕaṭṭarat |
ʕaṭṭaratā |
ʕaṭṭartunna |
ʕaṭṭarna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuʕaṭṭiru |
tuʕaṭṭiru |
yuʕaṭṭiru |
tuʕaṭṭirāni |
yuʕaṭṭirāni |
nuʕaṭṭiru |
tuʕaṭṭirūna |
yuʕaṭṭirūna | |||
f | tuʕaṭṭirīna |
tuʕaṭṭiru |
tuʕaṭṭirāni |
tuʕaṭṭirna |
yuʕaṭṭirna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuʕaṭṭira |
tuʕaṭṭira |
yuʕaṭṭira |
tuʕaṭṭirā |
yuʕaṭṭirā |
nuʕaṭṭira |
tuʕaṭṭirū |
yuʕaṭṭirū | |||
f | tuʕaṭṭirī |
tuʕaṭṭira |
tuʕaṭṭirā |
tuʕaṭṭirna |
yuʕaṭṭirna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuʕaṭṭir |
tuʕaṭṭir |
yuʕaṭṭir |
tuʕaṭṭirā |
yuʕaṭṭirā |
nuʕaṭṭir |
tuʕaṭṭirū |
yuʕaṭṭirū | |||
f | tuʕaṭṭirī |
tuʕaṭṭir |
tuʕaṭṭirā |
tuʕaṭṭirna |
yuʕaṭṭirna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | عَطِّرْ ʕaṭṭir |
ʕaṭṭirā |
ʕaṭṭirū |
||||||||
f | ʕaṭṭirī |
ʕaṭṭirna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʕuṭṭirtu |
ʕuṭṭirta |
عُطِّرَ ʕuṭṭira |
ʕuṭṭirtumā |
ʕuṭṭirā |
ʕuṭṭirnā |
ʕuṭṭirtum |
ʕuṭṭirū | |||
f | ʕuṭṭirti |
ʕuṭṭirat |
ʕuṭṭiratā |
ʕuṭṭirtunna |
ʕuṭṭirna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuʕaṭṭaru |
tuʕaṭṭaru |
yuʕaṭṭaru |
tuʕaṭṭarāni |
yuʕaṭṭarāni |
nuʕaṭṭaru |
tuʕaṭṭarūna |
yuʕaṭṭarūna | |||
f | tuʕaṭṭarīna |
tuʕaṭṭaru |
tuʕaṭṭarāni |
tuʕaṭṭarna |
yuʕaṭṭarna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuʕaṭṭara |
tuʕaṭṭara |
yuʕaṭṭara |
tuʕaṭṭarā |
yuʕaṭṭarā |
nuʕaṭṭara |
tuʕaṭṭarū |
yuʕaṭṭarū | |||
f | tuʕaṭṭarī |
tuʕaṭṭara |
tuʕaṭṭarā |
tuʕaṭṭarna |
yuʕaṭṭarna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuʕaṭṭar |
tuʕaṭṭar |
yuʕaṭṭar |
tuʕaṭṭarā |
yuʕaṭṭarā |
nuʕaṭṭar |
tuʕaṭṭarū |
yuʕaṭṭarū | |||
f | tuʕaṭṭarī |
tuʕaṭṭar |
tuʕaṭṭarā |
tuʕaṭṭarna |
yuʕaṭṭarna |
Etymology 3[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
عَطِر • (ʕaṭir)
Declension[edit]
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
basic singular triptote | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | عَطِر ʕaṭir |
الْعَطِر al-ʕaṭir |
عَطِرَة ʕaṭira |
الْعَطِرَة al-ʕaṭira |
Nominative | عَطِرٌ ʕaṭirun |
الْعَطِرُ al-ʕaṭiru |
عَطِرَةٌ ʕaṭiratun |
الْعَطِرَةُ al-ʕaṭiratu |
Accusative | عَطِرًا ʕaṭiran |
الْعَطِرَ al-ʕaṭira |
عَطِرَةً ʕaṭiratan |
الْعَطِرَةَ al-ʕaṭirata |
Genitive | عَطِرٍ ʕaṭirin |
الْعَطِرِ al-ʕaṭiri |
عَطِرَةٍ ʕaṭiratin |
الْعَطِرَةِ al-ʕaṭirati |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | عَطِرَيْن ʕaṭirayn |
الْعَطِرَيْن al-ʕaṭirayn |
عَطِرَتَيْن ʕaṭiratayn |
الْعَطِرَتَيْن al-ʕaṭiratayn |
Nominative | عَطِرَانِ ʕaṭirāni |
الْعَطِرَانِ al-ʕaṭirāni |
عَطِرَتَانِ ʕaṭiratāni |
الْعَطِرَتَانِ al-ʕaṭiratāni |
Accusative | عَطِرَيْنِ ʕaṭirayni |
الْعَطِرَيْنِ al-ʕaṭirayni |
عَطِرَتَيْنِ ʕaṭiratayni |
الْعَطِرَتَيْنِ al-ʕaṭiratayni |
Genitive | عَطِرَيْنِ ʕaṭirayni |
الْعَطِرَيْنِ al-ʕaṭirayni |
عَطِرَتَيْنِ ʕaṭiratayni |
الْعَطِرَتَيْنِ al-ʕaṭiratayni |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | ||
plural unknown | sound feminine plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | ? ? |
? ? |
عَطِرَات ʕaṭirāt |
الْعَطِرَات al-ʕaṭirāt |
Nominative | ? ? |
? ? |
عَطِرَاتٌ ʕaṭirātun |
الْعَطِرَاتُ al-ʕaṭirātu |
Accusative | ? ? |
? ? |
عَطِرَاتٍ ʕaṭirātin |
الْعَطِرَاتِ al-ʕaṭirāti |
Genitive | ? ? |
? ? |
عَطِرَاتٍ ʕaṭirātin |
الْعَطِرَاتِ al-ʕaṭirāti |
Related terms[edit]
- عِطْرِيّ (ʕiṭriyy, “aromatic”)
- عِطْرِيَّة (ʕiṭriyya, “perfume, aromatic”)
- عطار
- عطارَة
- عاطِر (ʕāṭir, “perfumed, fragrant, aromatic, sweet-smelling”)
- معطر
- مِعْطِير (miʕṭīr)
- مِعْطَار (miʕṭār)
Egyptian Arabic[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
عطر • (ʕiṭr) m (plural عُطور (ʕuṭūr) or عِطُور (ʕiṭūr))
Etymology 2[edit]
From Arabic عَطَّرَ (ʕaṭṭara, “to perfume”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
عطر • (ʕaṭṭar) II (non-past يِعَطَّر (yiʕaṭṭar))
- (transitive) to perfume
- عَطَّرت الأُٖوضة
- ʕaṭṭart il-ʔōda
- I perfumed the room
Etymology 3[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
عطر • (ʕeṭer) II (non-past يِعْطَر (yiʕṭar))
- (intransitive, with في (“into”), dated) to bump into, to clash with, to cross paths with, to come across
- أنا!؟، دا أنا لو عطرت ف الحرامي ده، دانا هوديه ورا الشمس!
- ʔana!?, da ʔana law ʕeṭert fe l-ḥarāmi da, dana ha-waddīh wara š-šams!
- Me?! If I ever found that swindler, I'd mess him up! (literally "take him behind the sun")
Gojri[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from Classical Persian عطر ('itr), from Arabic عِطْر (ʕiṭr).
Noun[edit]
عطر (atar) m
Further reading[edit]
- Dr Rafique Anjum (2018) Concise Gojri-Kashmiri-English Dictionary, New Delhi: Adam Publishers & Distributors, →ISBN, page 310.
Hijazi Arabic[edit]
Root |
---|
ع ط ر |
1 term |
Etymology 1[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
عطر • (ʕiṭir) m (construct state عِطْر (ʕiṭr), plural عُطور (ʕuṭūr) or عطورات (ʕuṭūrāt))
Etymology 2[edit]
From Arabic عَطَّر (ʕaṭṭar, “to perfume”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
عطر • (ʕaṭṭar) II (non-past يِعَطِّر (yiʕaṭṭir))
- to perfume
- عَطَّرت الغُرفة
- ʕaṭṭart al-ḡurfa
- I perfumed the room
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of عطر (ʕaṭṭar) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | عطرت (ʕaṭṭart) | عطرت (ʕaṭṭart) | عطر (ʕaṭṭar) | عطرنا (ʕaṭṭarna) | عطرتوا (ʕaṭṭartu) | عطروا (ʕaṭṭaru) | |
f | عطرتي (ʕaṭṭarti) | عطرت (ʕaṭṭarat) | ||||||
non-past | m | أعطر (ʔaʕaṭṭir) | تعطر (tiʕaṭṭir) | يعطر (yiʕaṭṭir) | نعطر (niʕaṭṭir) | تعطروا (tiʕaṭṭiru) | يعطروا (yiʕaṭṭiru) | |
f | تعطري (tiʕaṭṭiri) | تعطر (tiʕaṭṭir) | ||||||
imperative | m | عطر (ʕaṭṭir) | عطروا (ʕaṭṭiru) | |||||
f | عطري (ʕaṭṭiri) |
Ottoman Turkish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from Arabic عِطْر (ʕiṭr).
Noun[edit]
عطر • (ıtr or ıtır)
- perfume
- fragrant plant; rose geranium
Derived terms[edit]
- عطرجی (ıtırcı)
Descendants[edit]
- Turkish: ıtır
References[edit]
- Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “ıtır”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
- Redhouse, James W. (1890) “عطر”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon[1], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1306
Persian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from Arabic عِطْر (ʕiṭr).
Pronunciation[edit]
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [ʔatɾ], [ʔitɾ]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [ʔæt̪ɹ], [ʔet̪ɹ]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [ʔät̪ɾ], [ʔit̪ɾ]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | atr, itr |
Dari reading? | atr, itr |
Iranian reading? | atr, etr |
Tajik reading? | atr, itr |
Noun[edit]
Dari | عطر |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | атр, итр |
عطر • ('atr, 'itr)
Descendants[edit]
- → Assamese: আতৰ (ator)
- → Bengali: আতর (ator)
- → Gojri: عطر (atar)
- → Gujarati: અત્તર (attar)
- → Hindustani: itr
- → Kannada: ಅತ್ತರು (attaru)
- → Kazakh: әтір (ätır)
- → Magahi: 𑂃𑂞𑂩
- → Maithili: atar, ãtar
- → Malayalam: അത്തർ (attaṟ)
- → Malvi: इतर (itar)
- → Marathi: अत्तर (attar)
- → Marwari:
- → Odia: ଅତର (ôtôrô)
- → Punjabi:
- → Tamil: அத்தர் (attar)
- → Telugu: అత్తరు (attaru), అత్తరువు (attaruvu)
- → Sindhi:
- → Varhadi: अत्तर (attar)
Urdu[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from Classical Persian عطر ('itr), from Arabic عِطْر (ʕiṭr).
Pronunciation[edit]
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /(ʔ)ɪt̪ɾ/
Noun[edit]
عِطْر • (itr, atr) m (Hindi spelling इत्र)
Further reading[edit]
- “عطر”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
- Platts, John T. (1884) “عطر”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co., page 762
- Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “عطر”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co., page 436
- “عطر”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
- Arabic terms belonging to the root ع ط ر
- Arabic 1-syllable words
- Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic nouns
- Arabic masculine nouns
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote singular
- Arabic nouns with broken plural
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote broken plural
- Arabic nouns with sound feminine plural
- Arabic 3-syllable words
- Arabic verbs
- Arabic form-II verbs
- Arabic sound verbs by conjugation
- Arabic sound form-II verbs
- Arabic sound verbs
- Arabic verbs with full passive
- Arabic transitive verbs
- Arabic 2-syllable words
- Arabic adjectives
- Arabic adjectives with basic triptote singular
- Arabic adjectives with triptote singular in -a
- Arabic adjectives with unknown plural
- Arabic adjectives with sound feminine plural
- ar:Smell
- Egyptian Arabic terms inherited from Arabic
- Egyptian Arabic terms derived from Arabic
- Egyptian Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Egyptian Arabic lemmas
- Egyptian Arabic nouns
- Egyptian Arabic masculine nouns
- Egyptian Arabic terms with uncommon senses
- Egyptian Arabic verbs
- Egyptian Arabic form-II verbs
- Egyptian Arabic transitive verbs
- Egyptian Arabic terms with usage examples
- Egyptian Arabic intransitive verbs
- Egyptian Arabic dated terms
- Gojri terms derived from Arabic
- Gojri terms derived from the Arabic root ع ط ر
- Gojri terms borrowed from Classical Persian
- Gojri terms derived from Classical Persian
- Gojri lemmas
- Gojri nouns
- Gojri masculine nouns
- gju:Smell
- Hijazi Arabic terms belonging to the root ع ط ر
- Hijazi Arabic terms inherited from Arabic
- Hijazi Arabic terms derived from Arabic
- Hijazi Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hijazi Arabic lemmas
- Hijazi Arabic nouns
- Hijazi Arabic masculine nouns
- Hijazi Arabic verbs
- Hijazi Arabic form-II verbs
- Hijazi Arabic terms with usage examples
- Hijazi Arabic sound form-II verbs
- Hijazi Arabic sound verbs
- Ottoman Turkish terms derived from Arabic
- Ottoman Turkish terms derived from the Arabic root ع ط ر
- Ottoman Turkish terms borrowed from Arabic
- Ottoman Turkish lemmas
- Ottoman Turkish nouns
- ota:Plants
- Persian terms derived from Arabic
- Persian terms derived from the Arabic root ع ط ر
- Persian terms borrowed from Arabic
- Persian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Persian lemmas
- Persian nouns
- fa:Smell
- Urdu terms derived from Arabic
- Urdu terms derived from the Arabic root ع ط ر
- Urdu terms borrowed from Classical Persian
- Urdu terms derived from Classical Persian
- Urdu terms with IPA pronunciation
- Urdu lemmas
- Urdu nouns
- Urdu masculine nouns
- ur:Smell