قفل

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Arabic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From the root ق ف ل (q-f-l). The word for a lock is presumed to be from Aramaic פוּפְלָא / ܩܘܼܦ݂ܠܵܐ (qup̄lā, bolt; bond) and the verbs “to lock” denominal verbs; to be separated from genuine meanings related to drying, withering up and the returning from a journey related by the idea of retraction or folding-up (leaves as well as belongings; mind also the well-known قَافِلَة (qāfila, caravan)), while the meanings of amassing and usuring are derived from perhaps both by the idea of locking up belongings or returning with riches. And the Aramaic is derived by Brockelmann, Asatrian, and Toll from Latin cōpula, but Diem deems this daring and CAL to be rejected, and instead related to the root ܟ-ܒ-ܠ (k-b-l) related to binding whence ܟܒܠܐ (kaḇlā, fetter).

Verb[edit]

قَفَلَ (qafala) I, non-past يَقْفِلُ or يَقْفُلُ‎ (yaqfilu or yaqfulu)

  1. to return from a journey
  2. to carry on a usurious grain trade

Conjugation[edit]

Verb[edit]

قَفَلَ (qafala) I, non-past يَقْفِلُ‎ (yaqfilu)

  1. (transitive) to lock, lock up
  2. to collect, to gather, to amass, to foredeal

Conjugation[edit]

Verb[edit]

قَفَلَ (qafala) I, non-past يَقْفُلُ‎ (yaqfulu)
قَفِلَ (qafila) I, non-past يَقْفَلُ‎ (yaqfalu)

  1. to dry up, to wither

Conjugation[edit]

Verb[edit]

قَفَّلَ (qaffala) II, non-past يُقَفِّلُ‎ (yuqaffilu)

  1. (transitive) to lock, to lock up
    قَفَّلَ الْأَبْوَابَ
    qaffala l-ʔabwāba
    He locked the doors thoroughly.

Conjugation[edit]

Noun[edit]

قَفْل (qaflm

قُفْل
  1. verbal noun of قَفَلَ (qafala, to lock, gather, dry up) (form I)
  2. verbal noun of قَفِلَ (qafila, to dry up) (form I)

Declension[edit]

Noun[edit]

IPA(key): /qufl/

(file)

قُفْل (quflm (plural أَقْفَال (ʔaqfāl) or أَقْفُل (ʔaqful) or قُفُول (qufūl))

  1. lock, bolt

Declension[edit]

Descendants[edit]

  • Gulf Arabic: قفل (gifiḷ)
  • Hijazi Arabic: قفل (guful)
  • Moroccan Arabic: قفل (qfal)
  • Azerbaijani: qıfıl
  • Persian: قفل (qofl)
  • Swahili: kufuli, kifuli
قَفَل

Noun[edit]

قَفَل (qafalm

  1. (dialectal, Arabian peninsula) kafal (Commiphora kua syn. Commiphora abyssinica and Commiphora erythraea and Commiphora myrrha)
    Synonyms: بَلَسان (balasān), مُرّ (murr)

Declension[edit]

References[edit]

  • qwplˀ”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
  • Asatrian, Garnik (2011) A Comparative Vocabulary of Central Iranian Dialects[1] (in Persian), Tehran: Safir Ardehal Publications, page 175
  • Brockelmann, Carl (1928) Lexicon Syriacum (in Latin), 2nd edition, Halle: Max Niemeyer, published 1995, page 683b
  • Diem, Werner (1973) “Untersuchungen zu Technik und Terminologie der arabisch-islamischen Türschlösser”, in Der Islam (in German), volume 50, number 1, →DOI, page 143
  • Farid, Malik Ghulam (2006) “قفل”, in Dictionary of the Holy Qurʾan, Tilford, Surrey: Islam International Publications Ltd., →ISBN
  • Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 16
  • Freytag, Georg (1835) “قفل”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[2] (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 481
  • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “قفل”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary[3], London: W.H. Allen, page 850
  • Toll, Christopher (1969) “Einige metrologische und metallurgische Termini im Arabischen”, in Orientalia Suecana[4] (in German), volume 18, page 143
  • Wehr, Hans (1979) “قفل”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, page 915
  • Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “قفل”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart[5] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 1047

Egyptian Arabic[edit]

Verb[edit]

قفل (ʾafal) (present يقفل (yiʾfil))

  1. to close

Hijazi Arabic[edit]

Root
ق ف ل
2 terms

Etymology 1[edit]

From Arabic قَفَلَ (qafala).

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

قفل (gafal) I (non-past يقفل (yigfil))

  1. to close
    Synonyms: سَكَّر (sakkar), صَك (ṣakk)
  2. to lock
Conjugation[edit]
    Conjugation of قفل (gafal)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m قفلت (gafalt) قفلت (gafalt) قفل (gafal) قفلنا (gafalna) قفلتوا (gafaltu) قفلوا (gafalu)
f قفلتي (gafalti) قفلت (gafalat)
non-past m أقفل (ʔagfil) تقفل (tigfil) يقفل (yigfil) نقفل (nigfil) تقفلوا (tigfilu) يقفلوا (yigfilu)
f تقفلي (tigfili) تقفل (tigfil)
imperative m اقفل (agfil) اقفلوا (agfilu)
f اقفلي (agfili)
Related terms[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

From Arabic قَفَّلَ (qaffala).

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

قفل (gaffal) II (non-past يقفل (yigaffil))

  1. to lock
Conjugation[edit]
    Conjugation of قفل (gaffal)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m قفلت (gaffalt) قفلت (gaffalt) قفل (gaffal) قفلنا (gaffalna) قفلتوا (gaffaltu) قفلوا (gaffalu)
f قفلتي (gaffalti) قفلت (gaffalat)
non-past m أقفل (ʔagaffil) تقفل (tigaffil) يقفل (yigaffil) نقفل (nigaffil) تقفلوا (tigaffilu) يقفلوا (yigaffilu)
f تقفلي (tigaffili) تقفل (tigaffil)
imperative m قفل (gaffil) قفلوا (gaffilu)
f قفلي (gaffili)
Related terms[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

From Arabic قُفْل (qufl).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ɡu.ful/, [ɡʊfʊl]

Noun[edit]

قفل (gufulm (construct state قُفْل (gufl), plural أقفال (ʔagfāl))

  1. lock

Moroccan Arabic[edit]

Root
ق ف ل
1 term

Etymology 1[edit]

From Arabic قَفَلَ (qafala).

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

قفل (qfal) I (non-past يقفل (yiqfal))

  1. to close
  2. to lock
Conjugation[edit]
The template Template:ary-conj-fʕal-yifʕal does not use the parameter(s):
1=ق
2=ف
3=ل
4=q
5=f
6=l
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

Etymology 2[edit]

From Arabic قَفَّلَ (qaffala).

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

قفل (qaffal) II (non-past يقفل (yqaffal))

  1. to lock
    قفل الباب معاك
    qaffal el-bāb mʕāk
    Lock the door on your way
Conjugation[edit]
    Conjugation of قفل
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m قفّلت (qaffalt) قفّلتي (qaffalti) قفّل (qaffal) قفّلنا (qaffalna) قفّلتوا (qaffaltu) قفّلوا (qafflu)
f قفّلت (qafflāt)
non-past m نقفّل (nqaffal) تقفّل (tqaffal) يقفّل (yqaffal) نقفّلوا (nqafflu) تقفّلوا (tqafflu) يقفّلوا (yqafflu)
f تقفّلي (tqaffli) تقفّل (tqaffal)
imperative m قفّل (qaffal) قفّلوا (qafflu)
f قفّلي (qaffli)

Etymology 3[edit]

From Arabic قُفْل (qufl).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

قفَل or قفُل (qfal or qfulm (plural قفول (qfūl) or قفولة (qfūla))

  1. lock

Persian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Arabic قُفْل (qufl).

Pronunciation[edit]

 

Readings
Classical reading? qufl
Dari reading? qufl
Iranian reading? ğofl
Tajik reading? qufl

Noun[edit]

قفل (qofl)

  1. lock

South Levantine Arabic[edit]

Root
ق ف ل
2 terms

Etymology[edit]

From Arabic قَفَّلَ (qaffala).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ʔaf.fal/, [ˈʔaf.fal]
  • (file)

Verb[edit]

قفّل (ʔaffal) II (present بقفّل (biʔaffel), passive participle مقفّل (mʔaffal))

  1. to lock
    Synonym: سكّر (sakkar)

Conjugation[edit]

    Conjugation of قفّل (ʔaffal)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m قفّلت (ʔaffalt) قفّلت (ʔaffalt) قفّل (ʔaffal) قفّلنا (ʔaffalna) قفّلتو (ʔaffaltu) قفّلو (ʔaffalu)
f قفّلتي (ʔaffalti) قفّلت (ʔaffalat)
present m بقفّل (baʔaffel) بتقفّل (bitʔaffel) بقفّل (biʔaffel) منقفّل (minʔaffel) بتقفّلو (bitʔafflu) بقفّلو (biʔafflu)
f بتقفّلي (bitʔaffli) بتقفّل (bitʔaffel)
subjunctive m اقفّل (aʔaffel) تقفّل (tʔaffel) يقفّل (yʔaffel) نقفّل (nʔaffel) تقفّلو (tʔafflu) يقفّلو (yʔafflu)
f تقفّلي (tʔaffli) تقفّل (tʔaffel)
imperative m قفّل (ʔaffel) قفّلو (ʔafflu)
f قفّلي (ʔaffli)