दक्षिण
Hindi
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Learned borrowing from Sanskrit दक्षिण (dakṣiṇa), from Proto-Indo-European *deḱs- (“right (side)”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]दक्षिण • (dakṣiṇ) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling دکشن)
Noun
[edit]दक्षिण • (dakṣiṇ) m (Urdu spelling دکشن)
Declension
[edit]Coordinate terms
[edit]- (compass points)
पश्चिमोत्तर (paścimottar) | उत्तर (uttar) | पूर्वोत्तर (pūrvottar) |
पश्चिम (paścim) | ![]() |
पूर्व (pūrv) |
दक्षिण-पश्चिम (dakṣiṇ-paścim) | दक्षिण (dakṣiṇ) | दक्षिण-पूर्व (dakṣiṇ-pūrv) |
Marathi
[edit]![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Brosen_windrose_MR.png/220px-Brosen_windrose_MR.png)
Etymology
[edit]Learned borrowing from Sanskrit दक्षिण (dakṣiṇa), from Proto-Indo-European *deḱs- (“right (side)”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]दक्षिण • (dakṣiṇ)
Noun
[edit]दक्षिण • (dakṣiṇ) f
See also
[edit]- (compass points) दिशा;
वायव्य (vāyavya) | उत्तर (uttar) | ईशान्य (īśānya) |
पश्चिम (paścim) | ![]() |
पूर्व (pūrva) |
नैऋत्य (naiŕtya) | दक्षिण (dakṣiṇ) | आग्नेय (āgney) |
References
[edit]- Berntsen, Maxine, “दक्षिण”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies, 1982-1983.
Nepali
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Learned borrowing from Sanskrit दक्षिण (dakṣiṇa).
Pronunciation
[edit]- IPA(key): [d̪ʌk̚t͡sʰjiɽ̃]
- Phonetic Devanagari: दछिण्
- IPA(key): [d̪ʌk̚kʰin], [d̪ʌkt͡sʰĩɽ̃], [d̪ʌt̚t͡sʰiɽ̃]
- Phonetic Devanagari: दक्खिन्, or दक्छिंण्
Noun
[edit]दक्षिण • (dakṣiṇ)
Adjective
[edit]दक्षिण • (dakṣiṇ)
Further reading
[edit]- “दक्षिण”, in नेपाली बृहत् शब्दकोश (nepālī br̥hat śabdakoś) [Comprehensive Nepali Dictionary][1], Kathmandu: Nepal Academy, 2018
- Schmidt, Ruth L. (1993) “दक्षिण”, in A Practical Dictionary of Modern Nepali, Ratna Sagar
Sanskrit
[edit]Alternative scripts
[edit]- দক্ষিণ (Assamese script)
- ᬤᬓ᭄ᬱᬶᬡ (Balinese script)
- দক্ষিণ (Bengali script)
- 𑰟𑰎𑰿𑰬𑰰𑰜 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀤𑀓𑁆𑀱𑀺𑀡 (Brahmi script)
- ဒက္ၑိဏ (Burmese script)
- દક્ષિણ (Gujarati script)
- ਦਕ੍ਸ਼ਿਣ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌦𑌕𑍍𑌷𑌿𑌣 (Grantha script)
- ꦢꦏ꧀ꦰꦶꦟ (Javanese script)
- 𑂠𑂍𑂹𑂭𑂱𑂝 (Kaithi script)
- ದಕ್ಷಿಣ (Kannada script)
- ទក្ឞិណ (Khmer script)
- ທກ຺ຩິຓ (Lao script)
- ദക്ഷിണ (Malayalam script)
- ᡩᠠᡬᢢᡳᢏᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘟𑘎𑘿𑘬𑘱𑘜 (Modi script)
- ᢑᠠᢉᢔᠢᢏᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑦿𑦮𑧠𑧌𑧒𑦼 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐡𑐎𑑂𑐲𑐶𑐞 (Newa script)
- ଦକ୍ଷିଣ (Odia script)
- ꢣꢒ꣄ꢰꢶꢠ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆢𑆑𑇀𑆰𑆴𑆟 (Sharada script)
- 𑖟𑖎𑖿𑖬𑖰𑖜 (Siddham script)
- දක්ෂිණ (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩭𑩜 𑪙𑪀𑩑𑩪 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚛𑚊𑚶𑚮𑚘 (Takri script)
- த³க்ஷிண (Tamil script)
- దక్షిణ (Telugu script)
- ทกฺษิณ (Thai script)
- ད་ཀྵི་ཎ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒠𑒏𑓂𑒭𑒱𑒝 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨛𑨋𑩇𑨯𑨁𑨘 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-Iranian *dáćšinas (“right, righthand”), from Proto-Indo-European *déḱs-i-no-s, from *deḱs- (“right (side)”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬱𐬌𐬥𐬀 (dašina), Lithuanian dẽšinas, Serbo-Croatian дѐснӣ/dèsnī, Ancient Greek δεξιός (dexiós, “right”), Latin dexter (“right”), Gothic 𐍄𐌰𐌹𐌷𐍃𐍅𐌰 (taihswa).
Pronunciation
[edit]Adjective
[edit]दक्षिण • (dákṣiṇa) stem
- right, righthand; located on the right
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 3.39.6:
- इन्द्रो॒ मधु॒ सम्भृ॑तमु॒स्रिया॑यां प॒द्वद्वि॑वेद श॒फव॒न्नमे॒ गोः।
गुहा॑ हि॒तं गुह्यं॑ गू॒ळ्हम॒प्सु हस्ते॑ दधे॒ दक्षि॑णे॒ दक्षि॑णावान्॥- índro mádhu sámbhṛtamusríyāyāṃ padvádviveda śaphávannáme góḥ.
gúhā hitáṃ gúhyaṃ gūḷhámapsú háste dadhe dákṣiṇe dákṣiṇāvān. - Indra discovered the sweet milk secreted in the cow, and thereupon, brought forth (from their concealment) the herd (of cattle) having feet and having hoofs; munificent (in gifts), he held in his right hand that which had been hidden in the cavern, which was concealed in the waters.
- índro mádhu sámbhṛtamusríyāyāṃ padvádviveda śaphávannáme góḥ.
- इन्द्रो॒ मधु॒ सम्भृ॑तमु॒स्रिया॑यां प॒द्वद्वि॑वेद श॒फव॒न्नमे॒ गोः।
- southern
Declension
[edit]Masculine a-stem declension of दक्षिण (dákṣiṇa) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | दक्षिणः dákṣiṇaḥ |
दक्षिणौ / दक्षिणा¹ dákṣiṇau / dákṣiṇā¹ |
दक्षिणाः / दक्षिणासः¹ dákṣiṇāḥ / dákṣiṇāsaḥ¹ |
Vocative | दक्षिण dákṣiṇa |
दक्षिणौ / दक्षिणा¹ dákṣiṇau / dákṣiṇā¹ |
दक्षिणाः / दक्षिणासः¹ dákṣiṇāḥ / dákṣiṇāsaḥ¹ |
Accusative | दक्षिणम् dákṣiṇam |
दक्षिणौ / दक्षिणा¹ dákṣiṇau / dákṣiṇā¹ |
दक्षिणान् dákṣiṇān |
Instrumental | दक्षिणेन dákṣiṇena |
दक्षिणाभ्याम् dákṣiṇābhyām |
दक्षिणैः / दक्षिणेभिः¹ dákṣiṇaiḥ / dákṣiṇebhiḥ¹ |
Dative | दक्षिणाय dákṣiṇāya |
दक्षिणाभ्याम् dákṣiṇābhyām |
दक्षिणेभ्यः dákṣiṇebhyaḥ |
Ablative | दक्षिणात् dákṣiṇāt |
दक्षिणाभ्याम् dákṣiṇābhyām |
दक्षिणेभ्यः dákṣiṇebhyaḥ |
Genitive | दक्षिणस्य dákṣiṇasya |
दक्षिणयोः dákṣiṇayoḥ |
दक्षिणानाम् dákṣiṇānām |
Locative | दक्षिणे dákṣiṇe |
दक्षिणयोः dákṣiṇayoḥ |
दक्षिणेषु dákṣiṇeṣu |
Notes |
|
Feminine ā-stem declension of दक्षिणा (dákṣiṇā) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | दक्षिणा dákṣiṇā |
दक्षिणे dákṣiṇe |
दक्षिणाः dákṣiṇāḥ |
Vocative | दक्षिणे dákṣiṇe |
दक्षिणे dákṣiṇe |
दक्षिणाः dákṣiṇāḥ |
Accusative | दक्षिणाम् dákṣiṇām |
दक्षिणे dákṣiṇe |
दक्षिणाः dákṣiṇāḥ |
Instrumental | दक्षिणया / दक्षिणा¹ dákṣiṇayā / dákṣiṇā¹ |
दक्षिणाभ्याम् dákṣiṇābhyām |
दक्षिणाभिः dákṣiṇābhiḥ |
Dative | दक्षिणायै dákṣiṇāyai |
दक्षिणाभ्याम् dákṣiṇābhyām |
दक्षिणाभ्यः dákṣiṇābhyaḥ |
Ablative | दक्षिणायाः / दक्षिणायै² dákṣiṇāyāḥ / dákṣiṇāyai² |
दक्षिणाभ्याम् dákṣiṇābhyām |
दक्षिणाभ्यः dákṣiṇābhyaḥ |
Genitive | दक्षिणायाः / दक्षिणायै² dákṣiṇāyāḥ / dákṣiṇāyai² |
दक्षिणयोः dákṣiṇayoḥ |
दक्षिणानाम् dákṣiṇānām |
Locative | दक्षिणायाम् dákṣiṇāyām |
दक्षिणयोः dákṣiṇayoḥ |
दक्षिणासु dákṣiṇāsu |
Notes |
|
Neuter a-stem declension of दक्षिण (dákṣiṇa) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | दक्षिणम् dákṣiṇam |
दक्षिणे dákṣiṇe |
दक्षिणानि / दक्षिणा¹ dákṣiṇāni / dákṣiṇā¹ |
Vocative | दक्षिण dákṣiṇa |
दक्षिणे dákṣiṇe |
दक्षिणानि / दक्षिणा¹ dákṣiṇāni / dákṣiṇā¹ |
Accusative | दक्षिणम् dákṣiṇam |
दक्षिणे dákṣiṇe |
दक्षिणानि / दक्षिणा¹ dákṣiṇāni / dákṣiṇā¹ |
Instrumental | दक्षिणेन dákṣiṇena |
दक्षिणाभ्याम् dákṣiṇābhyām |
दक्षिणैः / दक्षिणेभिः¹ dákṣiṇaiḥ / dákṣiṇebhiḥ¹ |
Dative | दक्षिणाय dákṣiṇāya |
दक्षिणाभ्याम् dákṣiṇābhyām |
दक्षिणेभ्यः dákṣiṇebhyaḥ |
Ablative | दक्षिणात् dákṣiṇāt |
दक्षिणाभ्याम् dákṣiṇābhyām |
दक्षिणेभ्यः dákṣiṇebhyaḥ |
Genitive | दक्षिणस्य dákṣiṇasya |
दक्षिणयोः dákṣiṇayoḥ |
दक्षिणानाम् dákṣiṇānām |
Locative | दक्षिणे dákṣiṇe |
दक्षिणयोः dákṣiṇayoḥ |
दक्षिणेषु dákṣiṇeṣu |
Notes |
|
Noun
[edit]दक्षिण • (dákṣiṇa) stem, m
Declension
[edit]Masculine a-stem declension of दक्षिण (dákṣiṇa) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | दक्षिणः dákṣiṇaḥ |
दक्षिणौ / दक्षिणा¹ dákṣiṇau / dákṣiṇā¹ |
दक्षिणाः / दक्षिणासः¹ dákṣiṇāḥ / dákṣiṇāsaḥ¹ |
Vocative | दक्षिण dákṣiṇa |
दक्षिणौ / दक्षिणा¹ dákṣiṇau / dákṣiṇā¹ |
दक्षिणाः / दक्षिणासः¹ dákṣiṇāḥ / dákṣiṇāsaḥ¹ |
Accusative | दक्षिणम् dákṣiṇam |
दक्षिणौ / दक्षिणा¹ dákṣiṇau / dákṣiṇā¹ |
दक्षिणान् dákṣiṇān |
Instrumental | दक्षिणेन dákṣiṇena |
दक्षिणाभ्याम् dákṣiṇābhyām |
दक्षिणैः / दक्षिणेभिः¹ dákṣiṇaiḥ / dákṣiṇebhiḥ¹ |
Dative | दक्षिणाय dákṣiṇāya |
दक्षिणाभ्याम् dákṣiṇābhyām |
दक्षिणेभ्यः dákṣiṇebhyaḥ |
Ablative | दक्षिणात् dákṣiṇāt |
दक्षिणाभ्याम् dákṣiṇābhyām |
दक्षिणेभ्यः dákṣiṇebhyaḥ |
Genitive | दक्षिणस्य dákṣiṇasya |
दक्षिणयोः dákṣiṇayoḥ |
दक्षिणानाम् dákṣiṇānām |
Locative | दक्षिणे dákṣiṇe |
दक्षिणयोः dákṣiṇayoḥ |
दक्षिणेषु dákṣiṇeṣu |
Notes |
|
Coordinate terms
[edit]- (compass points)
पश्चिमोत्तर (paścimottara) | उत्तर (uttara) | ईशान (īśāna) |
पश्चिम (paścima) | ![]() |
पूर्व (pūrva) |
दक्षिणपश्चिम (dakṣiṇapaścima) | दक्षिण (dakṣiṇa) | दक्षिणपूर्व (dakṣiṇapūrva) |
Descendants
[edit]- Dardic:
- Helu Prakrit:
- Khasa Prakrit:
- Nepali: दक्खिन (dakkhina)
- Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀤𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀺𑀡 (dakkhiṇa)
- Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀤𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀺𑀡 (dakkhiṇa)
- Marathi: डाखीण (ḍākhīṇ, “south wind”)
- Paisaci Prakrit:
- Pali: dakkhiṇa
- Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀤𑀓𑁆𑀔𑀺𑀡 (dakkhiṇa)
Borrowed terms
[edit]- → Hindi: दक्षिण (dakṣiṇ)
- → Gujarati: દક્ષિણ (dakṣiṇ)
- → Javanese: ꦢꦏ꧀ꦱꦶꦤ (daksina)
- → Kannada: ದಕ್ಷಿಣ (dakṣiṇa)
- → Khmer: ទក្សិណ (tĕəksən)
- → Malayalam: ദക്ഷിണ (dakṣiṇa)
- → Marathi: दक्षिण (dakṣiṇ)
- → Nepali: दक्षिण (dakṣiṇ)
- → Odia: ଦକ୍ଷିଣ (dakshiṇa)
- → Telugu: దక్షిణము (dakṣiṇamu)
- → Thai: ทักษิณ (ták-sǐn)
References
[edit]- Monier Williams (1899) “दक्षिण”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 465/2.
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “dákṣiṇa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][2] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 690-691
- Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Hindi learned borrowings from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Hindi terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hindi lemmas
- Hindi adjectives
- Hindi indeclinable adjectives
- Hindi nouns
- Hindi masculine nouns
- Hindi masculine consonant-stem nouns
- hi:Compass points
- Marathi terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Marathi learned borrowings from Sanskrit
- Marathi terms derived from Sanskrit
- Marathi terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Marathi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Marathi lemmas
- Marathi adjectives
- Marathi nouns
- Marathi nouns in Devanagari script
- Marathi feminine nouns
- mr:Compass points
- Nepali terms borrowed from Sanskrit
- Nepali learned borrowings from Sanskrit
- Nepali terms derived from Sanskrit
- Nepali terms with IPA pronunciation
- Nepali lemmas
- Nepali nouns
- Nepali adjectives
- ne:Directions
- ne:Compass points
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Sanskrit terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sanskrit lemmas
- Sanskrit adjectives
- Sanskrit adjectives in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit terms with quotations
- Sanskrit nouns
- Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script
- Sanskrit masculine nouns
- Sanskrit a-stem nouns
- sa:Compass points