苦心

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Chinese

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bitter; intensely; miserable
bitter; intensely; miserable; painful
 
heart; mind
trad. (苦心)
simp. #(苦心)

Pronunciation

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Noun

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苦心

  1. pains; efforts; hard work

Adverb

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苦心

  1. with strenuous efforts; painstakingly

Descendants

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Japanese

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Kanji in this term

Grade: 3
しん
Grade: 2
goon on'yomi

Etymology

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From () (ku, hard, energetically) + (しん) (shin, heart).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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()(しん) (kushinくしん (kusin)?

  1. pains, efforts, hard work

Derived terms

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Idioms

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Verb

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()(しん)する (kushin suruくしん (kusin)?intransitive suru (stem ()(しん) (kushin shi), past ()(しん)した (kushin shita))

  1. make strenuous efforts, be at pains to, struggle to
    ()(しん)して
    kushin shite
    with great pains

Conjugation

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References

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  1. 1.0 1.1 Yamada, Tadao et al., editors (2011), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Seventh edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja in this term

Noun

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苦心 (gosim) (hangeul 고심)

  1. hanja form? of 고심