कट

Hindi

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /kəʈ/, [kɐʈ]

Verb

कट • (kaṭ)

1. inflection of कटना (kaṭnā):
   1. stem
   2. second-person singular intimate present imperative

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• কট (Assamese script)
• ᬓᬝ (Balinese script)
• কট (Bengali script)
• 𑰎𑰘 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀓𑀝 (Brahmi script)
• ကဋ (Burmese script)
• કટ (Gujarati script)
• ਕਟ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌕𑌟 (Grantha script)
• ꦏꦛ (Javanese script)
• 𑂍𑂗 (Kaithi script)
• ಕಟ (Kannada script)
• កដ (Khmer script)
• ກຏ (Lao script)
• കട (Malayalam script)
• ᡬᠠᢞᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘎𑘘 (Modi script)
• ᢉᠠᢌᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦮𑦸 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐎𑐚 (Newa script)
• କଟ (Odia script)
• ꢒꢜ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆑𑆛 (Sharada script)
• 𑖎𑖘 (Siddham script)
• කට (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩜𑩦 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚊𑚔 (Takri script)
• கட (Tamil script)
• కట (Telugu script)
• กฏ (Thai script)
• ཀ་ཊ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒏𑒙 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨋𑨔 (Zanabazar Square script)

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /kɐ.ʈɐ/
• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈkɐ.ʈɐ/

Etymology 1

Probably from a Middle Indic form of unattested *कृत (kṛta), from the root कृत् (kṛt, “to spin”).

Noun

कट • (kaṭa) stem, m

1. a twist of straw of grass, straw mat, a screen of straw
   • c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā)
   • c. 700 BCE, Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa
   • c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of कट (kaṭa)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	कटः kaṭaḥ	कटौ / कटा¹ kaṭau / kaṭā¹	कटाः / कटासः¹ kaṭāḥ / kaṭāsaḥ¹
Vocative	कट kaṭa	कटौ / कटा¹ kaṭau / kaṭā¹	कटाः / कटासः¹ kaṭāḥ / kaṭāsaḥ¹
Accusative	कटम् kaṭam	कटौ / कटा¹ kaṭau / kaṭā¹	कटान् kaṭān
Instrumental	कटेन kaṭena	कटाभ्याम् kaṭābhyām	कटैः / कटेभिः¹ kaṭaiḥ / kaṭebhiḥ¹
Dative	कटाय kaṭāya	कटाभ्याम् kaṭābhyām	कटेभ्यः kaṭebhyaḥ
Ablative	कटात् kaṭāt	कटाभ्याम् kaṭābhyām	कटेभ्यः kaṭebhyaḥ
Genitive	कटस्य kaṭasya	कटयोः kaṭayoḥ	कटानाम् kaṭānām
Locative	कटे kaṭe	कटयोः kaṭayoḥ	कटेषु kaṭeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Etymology 2

Of uncertain origin.

Perhaps from an unattested *कृत (kṛta, “curved”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)kel-to- (“to curve, bend”), and thus cognate with Ancient Greek σκέλος (skélos, “leg”) and Latin scelus (“wicked deed”).

Alternatively, borrowed from Dravidian; compare Tamil கடம் (kaṭam, “mountain side, elephant's temple”), Kannada ಕಡೆ (kaḍe, “side, end”), Telugu కడ (kaḍa, “place; end”). See also कटि (kaṭi, “side, end, hip”).

Noun

कट • (kaṭa) stem, m

1. the hip

   Synonym: कटि (kaṭi)

   • c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata
2. the hollow above the hip or the loins, the hip and loins

Etymology 3

Of unclear origin. Probably related to Etymology 1. Alternatively, borrowed from Dravidian; compare Tamil கட்டை (kaṭṭai, “corpse”).

Noun

कट • (kaṭa) stem, m

1. a corpse
2. a hearse or any vehicle for conveying a dead body
3. a burning-ground or place of sepulture

Etymology 4

Borrowed from Dravidian; compare Telugu గడ్డి (gaḍḍi, “grass, straw”). See also खट (khaṭa, “thatching grass”).

Noun

कट • (kaṭa) stem, m

1. an annual plant
2. grass

Etymology 5

Of unknown, probably substrate, origin.

Noun

कट • (kaṭa) stem, m

1. a thin piece of wood, a plank

Etymology 6

Perhaps from Etymology 1, with semantic shift; agreements would be conducted on straw mats in the Classical era. Alternatively, from कृ (kṛ, “to express”).

Noun

कट • (kaṭa) stem, m

1. agreement
2. a time or season
3. excess, superabundance
4. environs

Etymology 7

See करकट (karakaṭa, “elephant's temples”) / करट (karaṭa, “elephant's temples”).

Noun

कट • (kaṭa) stem, m

1. the temples of an elephant
   • c. 400 CE, Kālidāsa, Raghuvaṃśa
2. a glance or side look

   Synonym: कटाक्ष (kaṭākṣa)

   • c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa
3. a throw of the dice in hazard

Etymology 8

Not listed in etymological dictionaries. Perhaps related to Etymologies 3 or 4.

Noun

कट • (kaṭa) stem, n

1. (at the end of compounds) dust of flowers

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of कट (kaṭa)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	कटम् kaṭam	कटे kaṭe	कटानि / कटा¹ kaṭāni / kaṭā¹
Vocative	कट kaṭa	कटे kaṭe	कटानि / कटा¹ kaṭāni / kaṭā¹
Accusative	कटम् kaṭam	कटे kaṭe	कटानि / कटा¹ kaṭāni / kaṭā¹
Instrumental	कटेन kaṭena	कटाभ्याम् kaṭābhyām	कटैः / कटेभिः¹ kaṭaiḥ / kaṭebhiḥ¹
Dative	कटाय kaṭāya	कटाभ्याम् kaṭābhyām	कटेभ्यः kaṭebhyaḥ
Ablative	कटात् kaṭāt	कटाभ्याम् kaṭābhyām	कटेभ्यः kaṭebhyaḥ
Genitive	कटस्य kaṭasya	कटयोः kaṭayoḥ	कटानाम् kaṭānām
Locative	कटे kaṭe	कटयोः kaṭayoḥ	कटेषु kaṭeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms

• अप्रकट (aprakaṭa)
• उत्कट (utkaṭa)
• कटाक्ष (kaṭākṣa)
• निकट (nikaṭa)
• निकट (nikaṭa)
• निकटता (nikaṭatā)
• प्रकट (prakaṭa)
• प्रकटीकरण (prakaṭīkaraṇa)
• विकट (vikaṭa)
• संकट (saṃkaṭa)

 

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “कट”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 243/2.
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 290
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (2001) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[2] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 46
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1956) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 141-2
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “kaṭi”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press