梅雨

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Chinese

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fruit of Prunus mume rain
trad. (梅雨)
simp. #(梅雨)
alternative forms 霉雨
Literally:plum rain”.
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Etymology

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Refers to the season when fruits of Prunus mume ripen.

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/2
Initial () (4) (35)
Final () (42) (24)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Closed Closed
Division () I III
Fanqie
Baxter mwoj hjuX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/muʌi/ /ɦɨoX/
Pan
Wuyun
/muoi/ /ɦioX/
Shao
Rongfen
/muɒi/ /ɣioX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/mwəj/ /ɦuə̆X/
Li
Rong
/muᴀi/ /ɣioX/
Wang
Li
/muɒi/ /ɣĭuX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/muɑ̆i/ /i̯uX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
méi
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
mui4 jyu5

Noun

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梅雨

  1. Meiyu (the East Asian rainy season)
  2. rain that falls during the Meiyu season; summer rain

Synonyms

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (梅雨):
  • Japanese: (ばい)() (baiu)
  • Korean: 매우(梅雨) (mae'u)

See also

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Japanese

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
つゆ
Grade: 4 Grade: 1
jukujikun
Alternative spellings
梅雨 (kyūjitai)
黴雨
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First attested in the mid-Muromachi period.[1]

Derivation unclear, likely theories include:

  • May be cognate with (tsuyu, dew, dewdrop), from the way the rainy season causes everything to be covered in drops that may look like dew. However, the pitch accent differs, as (tsuyu) has either an 頭高型 (atamadaka-gata) or 尾高型 (odaka-gata) pattern, while 梅雨 (tsuyu) has a 平板型 (heiban-gata) pattern.
  • Alternatively, may be cognate with classical verb 熟ゆ (tsuyu, modern 熟える (tsueru), “to become ripe), as plums ripen during the rainy season. In light of the pitch accent and semantics, this derivation appears more likely.

Orthographic borrowing from Chinese 梅雨 (méiyǔ).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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梅雨(つゆ) (tsuyu

  1. the East Asian rainy season (from early June to early/mid-July)
    Synonym: 五月雨 (samidare)
Derived terms
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Idioms
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Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
ばい
Grade: 4

Grade: 1
kan'on
Alternative spellings
梅雨 (kyūjitai)
黴雨

From Middle Chinese compound 梅雨 (MC mwoj hjuX), in poetic reference to the season when plums grow or ripen.[1][3]

Alternatively, the 黴雨 spelling may have been the original spelling. This is homophonous in Middle Chinese, and literally means “mold + rain”, in reference to how moldy things get during this season of constant humidity.[1][3][4]

Pronunciation

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  • (Tokyo) いう [báꜜìù] (Atamadaka – [1])[2][3]
  • IPA(key): [ba̠iɯ̟]
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

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(ばい)() (baiu

  1. the East Asian rainy season (from early June to early/mid-July)
    Synonym: 五月雨 (samidare)
Derived terms
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References

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  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. 2.0 2.1 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja in this term

Noun

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梅雨 (mae'u) (hangeul 매우)

  1. hanja form? of 매우 (East Asian rainy season)