지
Definition from Wiktionary, a free dictionary
Contents |
[edit] Korean
[edit] Etymology 1
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지 - 직 - 짂 - 짃 - 진 - 짅 - 짆 |
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← 즤 |
짜 → |
[edit] Syllable
지 (transliterations: Revised ji, Yale ci)
[edit] Usage notes
- Keystroke sequence on standard South Korean dubeolsik keyboard: w-l.
- In the Unicode standard, this syllable block is assigned the hexadecimal value C9C0.
[edit] Etymology 2
Of native Korean origin.
[edit] Noun
지 (ji, McCune-Reischauer chi, Yale ci)
- since (somebody) last (did something); from the time that
- Free pronunciation variant of colloquial 쟤.
[edit] Usage notes
In the sense of "since", 지 indicates a period of time. The verb or adjective immediately preceding 지 must be in the attributive form (-ㄴ). This attributive form may follow the adverbs 못 or 안. Although 지 means ‘since’ as used with durations, usage differs from English ‘since’ insofar as the Korean verb preceding 지 should be negated where the English clause containing ‘since’ would not, and vice versa: Compare negative Korean “… 안 한 지” with positive English “since (somebody) last …ed”.
The 지 sentence must end in the combination of a timespan (for example 오래 or 이주일) or a question verb asking “how long” (for example 얼마나 or 몇 [주일]) and a verb such as 되었- or 지났-.
Examples:
- 어머니를 뵌 지 벌써 오래되었다.
- “It has already been a long time since I've seen mother.”
- 머리를 못/안 감은 지 이주일 됐을 때 느낌이 어떨까요?
- “What will it feel like when (somebody hasn't) washed (their) hair for two weeks?”
Compare -ㄴ 만에, -부터 and 후부터 which differ from 지 in usage.
[edit] Particle
지 (ji, McCune-Reischauer chi, Yale ci)
- (after attributive) whether
- The preceding verb or adjective must be in the attributive forms -ㄹ/-는/-ㄴ/-던.
- 지 can optionally receive the topic marker -는 or an accusative case marker -를.
- In indirect speech, questions are usually tagged with 냐 instead of 지. Compare:
- (used after a question word with copula, a question word with verb, or after question verbs)
- Used as explained above. Examples:
- After question word 누구 with copula:
“… 누구였는 지 알-(모르-)”
= “(not) know who … was” - After question adverb 어떻게 with verb 쓰다:
“어떻게 쓰는 지 알아 내-”
= “find out how (something) is used/written; find out how (somebody) uses/writes (something)” - After question word 무엇 with verb 하다:
“… 무엇이라고 했는 지 기억이 (안) 나-”
= “(not) remember what … was called; (not) remember what … said” - After question verb 어떻다:
“… 어땠는 지 알-(모르-)”
= “(not) know how … was”
- After question word 누구 with copula:
- Used as explained above. Examples:
- verb suffix used to seek affirmation, or to give the listener(s) an opportunity to express whether they can follow or not, to agree, or to confirm what ist said:
“어렵지요?” = “It's difficult, isn't it?”
“한국말을 이해하시지요?” = “You understand Korean, right?” - verb suffix a speaker uses to recommend a change in the listener's behaviour, or to soften imperatives:
(To a hasty eater) “천천히 먹지.” = “Eat slowly.” - suffix marking either the verb that is negated by following 못하-/않-, or marking what a following 말- says not to do, for example “담배를 피우지 맙시다.” = “Let's not smoke cigarettes.”
- 지 can optionally receive the topic marker -는 or the nominative case marker -가: 많지가 않아요 = “… is not much”
- 지 is not used to form a negative copula:
“다가 아니-” = “… is not all” - 지 is used when saying some action was a mistake (for example when regretting something), and when thinking about better not doing something:
“… 서울에 오지 말 걸 그랬네요.”
= “… shouldn't have come to Seoul”
“… 서울에 가지 말까 생각도 해 봤지만 …”
= “… have/has been thinking about not going to Seoul, but …”
But: “서울에 안 가는 게 나을 것 같지요.”
= “Not going to Seoul seems to be the right thing to do, don't you think so?”
[edit] Etymology 3
Korean reading of various Chinese characters.
[edit] Noun
지 (ji, hanja 篪, McCune-Reischauer chi, Yale ci)
- an ancient bamboo flute with five finger holes; used in aak
