duce
English[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from Italian duce. Doublet of duke.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
duce (usually uncountable, plural duci)
- (fascism) an authoritarian leader, especially Benito Mussolini
Translations[edit]
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Italian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from Latin ducem (“leader”), from the nomen agentis form of Proto-Indo-European *dewk-, whence also dūcō (“to lead”). Compare the likewise borrowed doublets duca and doge.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
duce m (plural duci)
- (archaic or literary) captain, leader, helm
- Synonyms: capitano, capo, condottiero
- (by extension, after the Fascist era) an authoritarian leader
- Synonyms: autocrate, despota, dittatore, oppressore, tiranno
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
Latin[edit]
Verb[edit]
dūce
- Alternative form of dūc (“lead!, guide!”), second-person singular present active imperative of dūcō.
Usage notes[edit]
While common in Plautus, dūc is the far more common variant in the classical period.
Noun[edit]
duce
Old English[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From the original meaning of "diver," from Proto-West Germanic *dūkan (“to duck, dive”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
dū̆ce f
Declension[edit]
Descendants[edit]
Romanian[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Inherited from Latin dūcere,[1] present active infinitive of dūcō, from Proto-Italic *doukō, from Proto-Indo-European *déwketi, from the root *dewk-.
Verb[edit]
a duce (third-person singular present duce, past participle dus) 3rd conj.
- (transitive) to carry, lead, take
- Trebuie să fie duși copiii la școală.
- The children must be taken to school.
- (intransitive) to lead, to go
- Drumul ăsta duce la casa mea.
- This road leads to my house.
- (reflexive) to go
- Mă duc acasă. ― I’m going home.
- (reflexive, figuratively) to die
- (transitive or intransitive; mildly informal) to withstand, handle, weather, deal with
- O să-ți dau de lucru de să nu poți duce.
- I’ll give you so much to do that you won’t be able to take it.
Usage notes[edit]
The negative imperative is known to always be identical to the infinitive. However, like many of the verbs with a short imperative, duce often does not follow this rule in colloquial usage, keeping the same form as the imperative: Nu (te) duce (prescribed); nu (te) du (common in practice).[2]
The same applies to the derived verbs.
Conjugation[edit]
infinitive | a duce | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | ducând | ||||||
past participle | dus | ||||||
number | singular | plural | |||||
person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |
indicative | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
present | duc | duci | duce | ducem | duceți | duc | |
imperfect | duceam | duceai | ducea | duceam | duceați | duceau | |
simple perfect | dusei | duseși | duse | duserăm | duserăți | duseră | |
pluperfect | dusesem | duseseși | dusese | duseserăm | duseserăți | duseseră | |
subjunctive | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
present | să duc | să duci | să ducă | să ducem | să duceți | să ducă | |
imperative | — | tu | — | — | voi | — | |
affirmative | du | duceți | |||||
negative | nu duce | nu duceți |
Derived terms[edit]
Related terms[edit]
See also[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
Modified, to be adapted to the Latin, from the older form ducă, itself from Italian duca, and partly through Byzantine Greek δούκα (doúka), ultimately from Latin dux, ducem.
Alternative forms[edit]
Noun[edit]
duce m (plural duci)
Declension[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ duce in DEX online—Dicționare ale limbii române (Dictionaries of the Romanian language)
- ^ Gramatica limbii române [Grammar of the Romanian language], volume 1, Bucharest: Romanian Academy, 2005, →ISBN, page 380
- English terms borrowed from Italian
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- en:Fascism
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