صبح

See also: ص ب ح

Arabic

Root
ص ب ح (ṣ b ḥ)
15 terms

Etymology 1.1

Noun

صُبْح • (ṣubḥ) m (plural أَصْبَاح (ʔaṣbāḥ))

1. (chiefly Modern Standard Arabic) the time from sunrise to noon, morning

   Synonym: (literary) ضَحْوَة (ḍaḥwa, “forenoon”)

2. (archaic) the time from morning twilight to sunrise, dayspring

   Synonym: فَجْر (fajr, “dawn”)

   1. (Islam) the first of the five obligatory Islamic daily prayers, the daybreak prayer

      Synonym: فَجْر (fajr, “the dawn prayer”)

Declension

Declension of noun صُبْح (ṣubḥ)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	صُبْح ṣubḥ	الصُّبْح aṣ-ṣubḥ	صُبْح ṣubḥ
Nominative	صُبْحٌ ṣubḥun	الصُّبْحُ aṣ-ṣubḥu	صُبْحُ ṣubḥu
Accusative	صُبْحًا ṣubḥan	الصُّبْحَ aṣ-ṣubḥa	صُبْحَ ṣubḥa
Genitive	صُبْحٍ ṣubḥin	الصُّبْحِ aṣ-ṣubḥi	صُبْحِ ṣubḥi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	صُبْحَيْن ṣubḥayn	الصُّبْحَيْن aṣ-ṣubḥayn	صُبْحَيْ ṣubḥay
Nominative	صُبْحَانِ ṣubḥāni	الصُّبْحَانِ aṣ-ṣubḥāni	صُبْحَا ṣubḥā
Accusative	صُبْحَيْنِ ṣubḥayni	الصُّبْحَيْنِ aṣ-ṣubḥayni	صُبْحَيْ ṣubḥay
Genitive	صُبْحَيْنِ ṣubḥayni	الصُّبْحَيْنِ aṣ-ṣubḥayni	صُبْحَيْ ṣubḥay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَصْبَاح ʔaṣbāḥ	الْأَصْبَاح al-ʔaṣbāḥ	أَصْبَاح ʔaṣbāḥ
Nominative	أَصْبَاحٌ ʔaṣbāḥun	الْأَصْبَاحُ al-ʔaṣbāḥu	أَصْبَاحُ ʔaṣbāḥu
Accusative	أَصْبَاحًا ʔaṣbāḥan	الْأَصْبَاحَ al-ʔaṣbāḥa	أَصْبَاحَ ʔaṣbāḥa
Genitive	أَصْبَاحٍ ʔaṣbāḥin	الْأَصْبَاحِ al-ʔaṣbāḥi	أَصْبَاحِ ʔaṣbāḥi

Descendants

• Maltese: sebħ
• → Azerbaijani: sübh
• → Baluchi: صهب (sauhb)
• → Hausa: asubahi / asuba
• → Malay: subuh
• → Maranao: sobo
• → Ottoman Turkish: صبح (subh)
• → Persian: صبح (sobh)
  • → Hindustani:

    Hindi: सुबह (subah)

    Urdu: صبح (subh)

  • → Punjabi:
    • Gurmukhi script: ਸੁਬ੍ਹਾ (subhā)
    • Shahmukhi script: صُبْح (ṣubḥ)
  • → Mazanderani: صوی (sevi)
• → Swahili: asubuhi
• → Tajik: субҳ (subh)
• → Tausug: subu
• → Uzbek: subh
• → Wolof: suba

Etymology 1.2

Verb

صَبَحَ • (ṣabaḥa) I (non-past يَصْبَحُ (yaṣbaḥu), verbal noun صَبْح (ṣabḥ))

1. to offer a morning draught to (someone)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of صَبَحَ (I, sound, a ~ a, full passive, verbal noun صَبْح)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						صَبْح ṣabḥ
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						صَابِح ṣābiḥ
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَصْبُوح maṣbūḥ
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	صَبَحْتُ ṣabaḥtu	صَبَحْتَ ṣabaḥta	صَبَحَ ṣabaḥa		صَبَحْتُمَا ṣabaḥtumā	صَبَحَا ṣabaḥā		صَبَحْنَا ṣabaḥnā	صَبَحْتُمْ ṣabaḥtum	صَبَحُوا ṣabaḥū
	f		صَبَحْتِ ṣabaḥti	صَبَحَتْ ṣabaḥat			صَبَحَتَا ṣabaḥatā			صَبَحْتُنَّ ṣabaḥtunna	صَبَحْنَ ṣabaḥna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَصْبَحُ ʔaṣbaḥu	تَصْبَحُ taṣbaḥu	يَصْبَحُ yaṣbaḥu		تَصْبَحَانِ taṣbaḥāni	يَصْبَحَانِ yaṣbaḥāni		نَصْبَحُ naṣbaḥu	تَصْبَحُونَ taṣbaḥūna	يَصْبَحُونَ yaṣbaḥūna
	f		تَصْبَحِينَ taṣbaḥīna	تَصْبَحُ taṣbaḥu			تَصْبَحَانِ taṣbaḥāni			تَصْبَحْنَ taṣbaḥna	يَصْبَحْنَ yaṣbaḥna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَصْبَحَ ʔaṣbaḥa	تَصْبَحَ taṣbaḥa	يَصْبَحَ yaṣbaḥa		تَصْبَحَا taṣbaḥā	يَصْبَحَا yaṣbaḥā		نَصْبَحَ naṣbaḥa	تَصْبَحُوا taṣbaḥū	يَصْبَحُوا yaṣbaḥū
	f		تَصْبَحِي taṣbaḥī	تَصْبَحَ taṣbaḥa			تَصْبَحَا taṣbaḥā			تَصْبَحْنَ taṣbaḥna	يَصْبَحْنَ yaṣbaḥna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَصْبَحْ ʔaṣbaḥ	تَصْبَحْ taṣbaḥ	يَصْبَحْ yaṣbaḥ		تَصْبَحَا taṣbaḥā	يَصْبَحَا yaṣbaḥā		نَصْبَحْ naṣbaḥ	تَصْبَحُوا taṣbaḥū	يَصْبَحُوا yaṣbaḥū
	f		تَصْبَحِي taṣbaḥī	تَصْبَحْ taṣbaḥ			تَصْبَحَا taṣbaḥā			تَصْبَحْنَ taṣbaḥna	يَصْبَحْنَ yaṣbaḥna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِصْبَحْ iṣbaḥ			اِصْبَحَا iṣbaḥā				اِصْبَحُوا iṣbaḥū
	f		اِصْبَحِي iṣbaḥī							اِصْبَحْنَ iṣbaḥna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	صُبِحْتُ ṣubiḥtu	صُبِحْتَ ṣubiḥta	صُبِحَ ṣubiḥa		صُبِحْتُمَا ṣubiḥtumā	صُبِحَا ṣubiḥā		صُبِحْنَا ṣubiḥnā	صُبِحْتُمْ ṣubiḥtum	صُبِحُوا ṣubiḥū
	f		صُبِحْتِ ṣubiḥti	صُبِحَتْ ṣubiḥat			صُبِحَتَا ṣubiḥatā			صُبِحْتُنَّ ṣubiḥtunna	صُبِحْنَ ṣubiḥna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُصْبَحُ ʔuṣbaḥu	تُصْبَحُ tuṣbaḥu	يُصْبَحُ yuṣbaḥu		تُصْبَحَانِ tuṣbaḥāni	يُصْبَحَانِ yuṣbaḥāni		نُصْبَحُ nuṣbaḥu	تُصْبَحُونَ tuṣbaḥūna	يُصْبَحُونَ yuṣbaḥūna
	f		تُصْبَحِينَ tuṣbaḥīna	تُصْبَحُ tuṣbaḥu			تُصْبَحَانِ tuṣbaḥāni			تُصْبَحْنَ tuṣbaḥna	يُصْبَحْنَ yuṣbaḥna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُصْبَحَ ʔuṣbaḥa	تُصْبَحَ tuṣbaḥa	يُصْبَحَ yuṣbaḥa		تُصْبَحَا tuṣbaḥā	يُصْبَحَا yuṣbaḥā		نُصْبَحَ nuṣbaḥa	تُصْبَحُوا tuṣbaḥū	يُصْبَحُوا yuṣbaḥū
	f		تُصْبَحِي tuṣbaḥī	تُصْبَحَ tuṣbaḥa			تُصْبَحَا tuṣbaḥā			تُصْبَحْنَ tuṣbaḥna	يُصْبَحْنَ yuṣbaḥna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُصْبَحْ ʔuṣbaḥ	تُصْبَحْ tuṣbaḥ	يُصْبَحْ yuṣbaḥ		تُصْبَحَا tuṣbaḥā	يُصْبَحَا yuṣbaḥā		نُصْبَحْ nuṣbaḥ	تُصْبَحُوا tuṣbaḥū	يُصْبَحُوا yuṣbaḥū
	f		تُصْبَحِي tuṣbaḥī	تُصْبَحْ tuṣbaḥ			تُصْبَحَا tuṣbaḥā			تُصْبَحْنَ tuṣbaḥna	يُصْبَحْنَ yuṣbaḥna

Etymology 1.3

Verb

صَبُحَ • (ṣabuḥa) I (non-past يَصْبُحُ (yaṣbuḥu), verbal noun صَبَاحَة (ṣabāḥa))

1. to be beautiful, to be handsome, to be pretty
2. to be graceful
3. to beam, to be radiant

Conjugation

    Conjugation of صَبُحَ (I, sound, u ~ u, no passive (?), verbal noun صَبَاحَة)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						صَبَاحَة ṣabāḥa
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						صَبِيح, صَبُوح ṣabīḥ, ṣabūḥ
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	صَبُحْتُ ṣabuḥtu	صَبُحْتَ ṣabuḥta	صَبُحَ ṣabuḥa		صَبُحْتُمَا ṣabuḥtumā	صَبُحَا ṣabuḥā		صَبُحْنَا ṣabuḥnā	صَبُحْتُمْ ṣabuḥtum	صَبُحُوا ṣabuḥū
	f		صَبُحْتِ ṣabuḥti	صَبُحَتْ ṣabuḥat			صَبُحَتَا ṣabuḥatā			صَبُحْتُنَّ ṣabuḥtunna	صَبُحْنَ ṣabuḥna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَصْبُحُ ʔaṣbuḥu	تَصْبُحُ taṣbuḥu	يَصْبُحُ yaṣbuḥu		تَصْبُحَانِ taṣbuḥāni	يَصْبُحَانِ yaṣbuḥāni		نَصْبُحُ naṣbuḥu	تَصْبُحُونَ taṣbuḥūna	يَصْبُحُونَ yaṣbuḥūna
	f		تَصْبُحِينَ taṣbuḥīna	تَصْبُحُ taṣbuḥu			تَصْبُحَانِ taṣbuḥāni			تَصْبُحْنَ taṣbuḥna	يَصْبُحْنَ yaṣbuḥna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَصْبُحَ ʔaṣbuḥa	تَصْبُحَ taṣbuḥa	يَصْبُحَ yaṣbuḥa		تَصْبُحَا taṣbuḥā	يَصْبُحَا yaṣbuḥā		نَصْبُحَ naṣbuḥa	تَصْبُحُوا taṣbuḥū	يَصْبُحُوا yaṣbuḥū
	f		تَصْبُحِي taṣbuḥī	تَصْبُحَ taṣbuḥa			تَصْبُحَا taṣbuḥā			تَصْبُحْنَ taṣbuḥna	يَصْبُحْنَ yaṣbuḥna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَصْبُحْ ʔaṣbuḥ	تَصْبُحْ taṣbuḥ	يَصْبُحْ yaṣbuḥ		تَصْبُحَا taṣbuḥā	يَصْبُحَا yaṣbuḥā		نَصْبُحْ naṣbuḥ	تَصْبُحُوا taṣbuḥū	يَصْبُحُوا yaṣbuḥū
	f		تَصْبُحِي taṣbuḥī	تَصْبُحْ taṣbuḥ			تَصْبُحَا taṣbuḥā			تَصْبُحْنَ taṣbuḥna	يَصْبُحْنَ yaṣbuḥna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اُصْبُحْ uṣbuḥ			اُصْبُحَا uṣbuḥā				اُصْبُحُوا uṣbuḥū
	f		اُصْبُحِي uṣbuḥī							اُصْبُحْنَ uṣbuḥna

Etymology 1.4

Verb

صَبَّحَ • (ṣabbaḥa) II (non-past يُصَبِّحُ (yuṣabbiḥu), verbal noun تَصْبِيح (taṣbīḥ))

1. to offer a morning draught
2. to come in the morning
3. to wish a good morning

Conjugation

    Conjugation of صَبَّحَ (II, sound, full passive (?), verbal noun تَصْبِيح)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَصْبِيح taṣbīḥ
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُصَبِّح muṣabbiḥ
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُصَبَّح muṣabbaḥ
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	صَبَّحْتُ ṣabbaḥtu	صَبَّحْتَ ṣabbaḥta	صَبَّحَ ṣabbaḥa		صَبَّحْتُمَا ṣabbaḥtumā	صَبَّحَا ṣabbaḥā		صَبَّحْنَا ṣabbaḥnā	صَبَّحْتُمْ ṣabbaḥtum	صَبَّحُوا ṣabbaḥū
	f		صَبَّحْتِ ṣabbaḥti	صَبَّحَتْ ṣabbaḥat			صَبَّحَتَا ṣabbaḥatā			صَبَّحْتُنَّ ṣabbaḥtunna	صَبَّحْنَ ṣabbaḥna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُصَبِّحُ ʔuṣabbiḥu	تُصَبِّحُ tuṣabbiḥu	يُصَبِّحُ yuṣabbiḥu		تُصَبِّحَانِ tuṣabbiḥāni	يُصَبِّحَانِ yuṣabbiḥāni		نُصَبِّحُ nuṣabbiḥu	تُصَبِّحُونَ tuṣabbiḥūna	يُصَبِّحُونَ yuṣabbiḥūna
	f		تُصَبِّحِينَ tuṣabbiḥīna	تُصَبِّحُ tuṣabbiḥu			تُصَبِّحَانِ tuṣabbiḥāni			تُصَبِّحْنَ tuṣabbiḥna	يُصَبِّحْنَ yuṣabbiḥna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُصَبِّحَ ʔuṣabbiḥa	تُصَبِّحَ tuṣabbiḥa	يُصَبِّحَ yuṣabbiḥa		تُصَبِّحَا tuṣabbiḥā	يُصَبِّحَا yuṣabbiḥā		نُصَبِّحَ nuṣabbiḥa	تُصَبِّحُوا tuṣabbiḥū	يُصَبِّحُوا yuṣabbiḥū
	f		تُصَبِّحِي tuṣabbiḥī	تُصَبِّحَ tuṣabbiḥa			تُصَبِّحَا tuṣabbiḥā			تُصَبِّحْنَ tuṣabbiḥna	يُصَبِّحْنَ yuṣabbiḥna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُصَبِّحْ ʔuṣabbiḥ	تُصَبِّحْ tuṣabbiḥ	يُصَبِّحْ yuṣabbiḥ		تُصَبِّحَا tuṣabbiḥā	يُصَبِّحَا yuṣabbiḥā		نُصَبِّحْ nuṣabbiḥ	تُصَبِّحُوا tuṣabbiḥū	يُصَبِّحُوا yuṣabbiḥū
	f		تُصَبِّحِي tuṣabbiḥī	تُصَبِّحْ tuṣabbiḥ			تُصَبِّحَا tuṣabbiḥā			تُصَبِّحْنَ tuṣabbiḥna	يُصَبِّحْنَ yuṣabbiḥna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		صَبِّحْ ṣabbiḥ			صَبِّحَا ṣabbiḥā				صَبِّحُوا ṣabbiḥū
	f		صَبِّحِي ṣabbiḥī							صَبِّحْنَ ṣabbiḥna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	صُبِّحْتُ ṣubbiḥtu	صُبِّحْتَ ṣubbiḥta	صُبِّحَ ṣubbiḥa		صُبِّحْتُمَا ṣubbiḥtumā	صُبِّحَا ṣubbiḥā		صُبِّحْنَا ṣubbiḥnā	صُبِّحْتُمْ ṣubbiḥtum	صُبِّحُوا ṣubbiḥū
	f		صُبِّحْتِ ṣubbiḥti	صُبِّحَتْ ṣubbiḥat			صُبِّحَتَا ṣubbiḥatā			صُبِّحْتُنَّ ṣubbiḥtunna	صُبِّحْنَ ṣubbiḥna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُصَبَّحُ ʔuṣabbaḥu	تُصَبَّحُ tuṣabbaḥu	يُصَبَّحُ yuṣabbaḥu		تُصَبَّحَانِ tuṣabbaḥāni	يُصَبَّحَانِ yuṣabbaḥāni		نُصَبَّحُ nuṣabbaḥu	تُصَبَّحُونَ tuṣabbaḥūna	يُصَبَّحُونَ yuṣabbaḥūna
	f		تُصَبَّحِينَ tuṣabbaḥīna	تُصَبَّحُ tuṣabbaḥu			تُصَبَّحَانِ tuṣabbaḥāni			تُصَبَّحْنَ tuṣabbaḥna	يُصَبَّحْنَ yuṣabbaḥna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُصَبَّحَ ʔuṣabbaḥa	تُصَبَّحَ tuṣabbaḥa	يُصَبَّحَ yuṣabbaḥa		تُصَبَّحَا tuṣabbaḥā	يُصَبَّحَا yuṣabbaḥā		نُصَبَّحَ nuṣabbaḥa	تُصَبَّحُوا tuṣabbaḥū	يُصَبَّحُوا yuṣabbaḥū
	f		تُصَبَّحِي tuṣabbaḥī	تُصَبَّحَ tuṣabbaḥa			تُصَبَّحَا tuṣabbaḥā			تُصَبَّحْنَ tuṣabbaḥna	يُصَبَّحْنَ yuṣabbaḥna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُصَبَّحْ ʔuṣabbaḥ	تُصَبَّحْ tuṣabbaḥ	يُصَبَّحْ yuṣabbaḥ		تُصَبَّحَا tuṣabbaḥā	يُصَبَّحَا yuṣabbaḥā		نُصَبَّحْ nuṣabbaḥ	تُصَبَّحُوا tuṣabbaḥū	يُصَبَّحُوا yuṣabbaḥū
	f		تُصَبَّحِي tuṣabbaḥī	تُصَبَّحْ tuṣabbaḥ			تُصَبَّحَا tuṣabbaḥā			تُصَبَّحْنَ tuṣabbaḥna	يُصَبَّحْنَ yuṣabbaḥna

Etymology 1.5

Noun

صَبْح • (ṣabḥ) m

1. verbal noun of صَبَحَ (ṣabaḥa) (form I)

Declension

Declension of noun صَبْح (ṣabḥ)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	صَبْح ṣabḥ	الصَّبْح aṣ-ṣabḥ	صَبْح ṣabḥ
Nominative	صَبْحٌ ṣabḥun	الصَّبْحُ aṣ-ṣabḥu	صَبْحُ ṣabḥu
Accusative	صَبْحًا ṣabḥan	الصَّبْحَ aṣ-ṣabḥa	صَبْحَ ṣabḥa
Genitive	صَبْحٍ ṣabḥin	الصَّبْحِ aṣ-ṣabḥi	صَبْحِ ṣabḥi

Etymology 2.1

Verb

صَبِحَ • (ṣabiḥa) I (non-past يَصْبَحُ (yaṣbaḥu), verbal noun صَبَح (ṣabaḥ) or صُبْحَة (ṣubḥa)) (Classical Arabic)

1. to be reddish, have reddish locks among grey hair

   Synonyms: اِصْبَاحَّ (iṣbāḥḥa), صَهِبَ (ṣahiba)

Conjugation

    Conjugation of صَبِحَ (I, sound, i ~ a, impersonal passive (?), verbal nouns صَبَح, صُبْحَة)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						صَبَح, صُبْحَة ṣabaḥ, ṣubḥa
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						أَصْبَح ʔaṣbaḥ
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَصْبُوح maṣbūḥ
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	صَبِحْتُ ṣabiḥtu	صَبِحْتَ ṣabiḥta	صَبِحَ ṣabiḥa		صَبِحْتُمَا ṣabiḥtumā	صَبِحَا ṣabiḥā		صَبِحْنَا ṣabiḥnā	صَبِحْتُمْ ṣabiḥtum	صَبِحُوا ṣabiḥū
	f		صَبِحْتِ ṣabiḥti	صَبِحَتْ ṣabiḥat			صَبِحَتَا ṣabiḥatā			صَبِحْتُنَّ ṣabiḥtunna	صَبِحْنَ ṣabiḥna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَصْبَحُ ʔaṣbaḥu	تَصْبَحُ taṣbaḥu	يَصْبَحُ yaṣbaḥu		تَصْبَحَانِ taṣbaḥāni	يَصْبَحَانِ yaṣbaḥāni		نَصْبَحُ naṣbaḥu	تَصْبَحُونَ taṣbaḥūna	يَصْبَحُونَ yaṣbaḥūna
	f		تَصْبَحِينَ taṣbaḥīna	تَصْبَحُ taṣbaḥu			تَصْبَحَانِ taṣbaḥāni			تَصْبَحْنَ taṣbaḥna	يَصْبَحْنَ yaṣbaḥna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَصْبَحَ ʔaṣbaḥa	تَصْبَحَ taṣbaḥa	يَصْبَحَ yaṣbaḥa		تَصْبَحَا taṣbaḥā	يَصْبَحَا yaṣbaḥā		نَصْبَحَ naṣbaḥa	تَصْبَحُوا taṣbaḥū	يَصْبَحُوا yaṣbaḥū
	f		تَصْبَحِي taṣbaḥī	تَصْبَحَ taṣbaḥa			تَصْبَحَا taṣbaḥā			تَصْبَحْنَ taṣbaḥna	يَصْبَحْنَ yaṣbaḥna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَصْبَحْ ʔaṣbaḥ	تَصْبَحْ taṣbaḥ	يَصْبَحْ yaṣbaḥ		تَصْبَحَا taṣbaḥā	يَصْبَحَا yaṣbaḥā		نَصْبَحْ naṣbaḥ	تَصْبَحُوا taṣbaḥū	يَصْبَحُوا yaṣbaḥū
	f		تَصْبَحِي taṣbaḥī	تَصْبَحْ taṣbaḥ			تَصْبَحَا taṣbaḥā			تَصْبَحْنَ taṣbaḥna	يَصْبَحْنَ yaṣbaḥna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِصْبَحْ iṣbaḥ			اِصْبَحَا iṣbaḥā				اِصْبَحُوا iṣbaḥū
	f		اِصْبَحِي iṣbaḥī							اِصْبَحْنَ iṣbaḥna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	—	—	صُبِحَ ṣubiḥa		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	—	—	يُصْبَحُ yuṣbaḥu		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	—	—	يُصْبَحَ yuṣbaḥa		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	—	—	يُصْبَحْ yuṣbaḥ		—	—		—	—	—
	f		—	—			—			—	—

Etymology 2.2

Noun

صَبَح • (ṣabaḥ) m

1. verbal noun of صَبِحَ (ṣabiḥa, “to have reddish locks among grey hair”) (form I)

Declension

Declension of noun صَبَح (ṣabaḥ)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	صَبَح ṣabaḥ	الصَّبَح aṣ-ṣabaḥ	صَبَح ṣabaḥ
Nominative	صَبَحٌ ṣabaḥun	الصَّبَحُ aṣ-ṣabaḥu	صَبَحُ ṣabaḥu
Accusative	صَبَحًا ṣabaḥan	الصَّبَحَ aṣ-ṣabaḥa	صَبَحَ ṣabaḥa
Genitive	صَبَحٍ ṣabaḥin	الصَّبَحِ aṣ-ṣabaḥi	صَبَحِ ṣabaḥi

References

• Freytag, Georg (1833) “صبح”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[1] (in Latin), volume 2, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 475–476
• Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “صبح”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc‎^[2] (in French), volume 1, Paris: Maisonneuve et C^ie, pages 1303–1304
• Wehr, Hans (1979) “صبح”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
• Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “صبح”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎^[3] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, pages 692–693

Gujarati

Etymology

From Classical Persian صبح (subh), from Arabic صُبْح (ṣubḥ).

Noun

صبح • (subah) f (Standard Gujarati સુબહ) (Lisan ud-Dawat)

1. morning, dawn

Malay

Noun

صبح (plural صبح-صبح or صبح۲, informal 1st possessive صبحکو, 2nd possessive صبحمو, 3rd possessive صبحڽ)

1. Jawi spelling of subuh‎

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic صُبْح (ṣubḥ).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [suβh]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [sʊbʰ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [sʊbʰ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [sʊb], [soːb]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [sub̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [sobʰ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [subʰ]

Readings
Classical reading?	suḇh
Dari reading?	subh
Iranian reading?	sobh
Tajik reading?	subh

• Audio (Iran):

  (file)

Noun

Dari	صبح
Iranian Persian
Tajik	субҳ

صبح • (sobh)

1. morning

   Synonyms: صباح, بامداد

Derived terms

• صبحانه (sobhâne)

Descendants

• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: सुबह (subah)

  Urdu: صبح (subh)

• → Punjabi:
  • Gurmukhi script: ਸੁਬ੍ਹਾ (subhā)
  • Shahmukhi script: صُبْح (ṣubḥ)
• → Mazanderani: صوی (sevi)

South Levantine Arabic

Etymology

From Arabic صُبْح (ṣubḥ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sˤubħ/, [ˈsˤʊ.b(o)ħ]

• Audio (Amman):

  (file)

Noun

صبح • (ṣubḥ) m

1. morning

See also

• (times of day) أوقات اليوم (ʔawʔāt il-yōm); نهار (nhār, “daytime”), فجر (fajr, “dawn”), صبحية (ṣabaḥiyye, “early morning”), صبح (ṣubḥ, “morning”), ضهر (ḍuhr, “noon”), عصر (ʕaṣr, “late afternoon”), مغرب (maḡreb, “sunset”), مسا (masa, “evening”), ليل (lēl, “nighttime”) ^{(Category: ajp:Times of day)}

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian صبح (subh), from Arabic صُبْح (ṣubḥ).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /sʊb.ɦ/, /sʊ.bəɦ/, /sʊ.buːɦ/
• (common) IPA^(key): [sʊ.bʱɑː], [sʊ.bʱoː], [sʊ.bʱeː]

Noun

صُبْح • (subh) f (Hindi spelling सुबह)

1. morning

   Antonym: شام (śām)

2. dawn

   Synonym: سَویرا (saverā)

3. (figuratively, Islam) fajr – salat (the dawn prayer).

Declension

Declension of صبح
	singular	plural
direct	صبح (subh)	صبحیں (subhẽ)
oblique	صبح (subh)	صبحوں (subhõ)
vocative	صبح (subh)	صبحو (subho)

Adverb

صبح • (subah) (Hindi spelling सुबह)

1. in the morning

Further reading

• “صبح”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “صبح”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
• Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “صبح”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.