歟

See also: 欤

歟 U+6B5F, 歟 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6B5F ← 歞 [U+6B5E] CJK Unified Ideographs 歠 → [U+6B60]

Translingual

Han character

歟 (Kangxi radical 76, 欠+14, 18 strokes, cangjie input 竹金弓人 (HCNO), four-corner 7788₂, composition ⿰與欠)

1. a final particle used to express admiration, doubt, surprise, or to mark a question

Descendants

• 𛀝

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 573, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16226
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2152, character 10
• Unihan data for U+6B5F

Chinese

trad.		歟
simp.		欤

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (舁) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
攑	*kʰlan
藇	*sla, *ljaʔ, *la, *laʔ, *las
嶼	*ljaʔ
鱮	*ljaʔ
舉	*klaʔ
櫸	*klaʔ
舁	*la
與	*la, *laʔ, *las
輿	*la, *las
旟	*la
璵	*la
歟	*la, *laʔ, *las
譽	*la, *las
嬩	*la
擧	*la
鸒	*la, *las
礜	*las
穥	*las

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *la, *laʔ, *las) : phonetic 與 (OC *la, *laʔ, *las) + semantic 欠.

Etymology

question particle

Contraction of 也 (OC *laːlʔ) and 乎 (OC *ɢaː) (Pulleyblank, 1995, p. 139).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yú (yu²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄩˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): jyu⁴
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): û

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yú
    • Zhuyin: ㄩˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yú
    • Wade–Giles: yü²
    • Yale: yú
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yu
    • Palladius: юй (juj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /y³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: jyu⁴
    • Yale: yùh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jy⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: yu⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jyː²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: û
    • Tâi-lô: û
    • Phofsit Daibuun: uu
    • IPA (Xiamen): /u²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /u²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /u¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /u²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /u²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: yo, yoX, yoH

Rime
Character	歟	歟	歟
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
Initial (聲)	以 (36)	以 (36)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	魚 (22)	魚 (22)	魚 (22)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III	III
Fanqie	以諸切	余吕切	羊洳切
Baxter	yo	yoX	yoH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jɨʌ/	/jɨʌX/	/jɨʌH/
Pan Wuyun	/jiɔ/	/jiɔX/	/jiɔH/
Shao Rongfen	/iɔ/	/iɔX/	/iɔH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jɨə̆/	/jɨə̆X/	/jɨə̆H/
Li Rong	/iɔ/	/iɔX/	/iɔH/
Wang Li	/jĭo/	/jĭoX/	/jĭoH/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯wo/	/i̯woX/	/i̯woH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yú	yǔ	yù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jyu4	jyu5	jyu6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*la/, /*laʔ/, /*las/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	歟	歟	歟
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
No.	15896	15902	15911
Phonetic component	舁	舁	舁
Rime group	魚	魚	魚
Rime subdivision	0	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	余		豫
Old Chinese	/*la/	/*laʔ/	/*las/

Definitions

歟

1. used for expressing an exclamatory, doubtful or questioning tone
   • 1046 October 17, 范仲淹 [Fan Zhongyan], 岳陽樓記 [Memorial to Yueyang Tower]:

     其必曰：「先天下之憂而憂，後天下之樂而樂」歟！ [Literary Chinese, trad.]
     其必曰：「先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐」欤！ [Literary Chinese, simp.]

     Qí bì yuē: “Xiān tiānxià zhī yōu ér yōu, hòu tiānxià zhī yuè ér yuè” yú! [Pinyin]

     They will have said,”Worry before everyone else worries, be happy after everyone else becomes happy”!

Japanese

Shinjitai	欤
Kyūjitai	歟

Kanji

歟

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 欤)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: よ (yo)
• Kan-on: よ (yo)
• Kun: か (ka, 歟); や (ya, 歟)

Definitions

For pronunciation and definitions of 歟 – see the following entry.

【か】H [particle] final interrogative particle, similar to a question mark ("?"). [particle] particle marking alternatives in a list; "or" [particle] whether (or not) [particle] indication of doubt [prefix] (emphatic, before an adjective, non-productive) very [suffix] forms 形容動詞 (keiyō dōshi, “-na adjectives”) from stems, indicating the state or feeling of an object Alternative spelling 乎

(This term, 歟, is an alternative spelling (literary, obsolete) of the above term.)

Korean

Hanja

歟 (eum 여 (yeo))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

歟: Hán Nôm readings: ru

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.