раз-

See also: раз

Russian

Alternative forms

• разо- (razo-) (before certain consonant clusters)
• рас- (ras-) (before voiceless consonants)

Etymology

Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic [Term?], from Proto-Slavic *orz-. Doublet of роз- (roz-), the inherited East Slavic form.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [rəz]

Prefix

раз- • (raz-)

1. (used with verbs) asunder, apart
2. (used with verbs) dis-, di-, un-

   • идти́ (idtí, “to go”) → разойти́сь (razojtísʹ, “to go asunder, to disagree”)
   • дева́ть (devátʹ, “to put”) → раздева́ть (razdevátʹ, “to undress”)

3. (used with verbs) enlarged action

   • рабо́тать (rabótatʹ, “to work”) → разрабо́тать (razrabótatʹ, “to develop, to work out”)

4. (used with verbs) with reflexives, giving rein to

   • говори́ть (govorítʹ, “to talk”) → разговори́ться (razgovorítʹsja, “to talk up a storm”)

5. (used with verbs, in the negative) not quite

   • я не слы́шал (ja ne slýšal, “I didn’t hear”) → я не расслы́шал (ja ne rasslýšal, “I didn’t quite hear”)

Usage notes

When stressed, раз- (raz-) normally changes into ро́з- (róz-), and the voiceless variant рас- (ras-) correspondingly becomes ро́с- (rós-):

• разда́ть (razdátʹ, “to distribute”) → past passive participle ро́зданный (rózdannyj)
• расписа́ть (raspisátʹ, “to paint, to decorate”) + -ь (-ʹ, noun-forming suffix, which normally causes stress to move onto a prefix) → ро́спись (róspisʹ, “painting, mural”)

References

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “раз-”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačev O. N., Moscow: Progress

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Serbo-Croatian

Prefix

ра̀з- (Latin spelling ràz-)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.