хун

Buryat

Etymology

From Proto-Mongolic *kun.

Noun

хун • (xun)

1. swan

Chuvash

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Turkic *kagan.

Pronunciation

• (Anatri dialect) IPA^(key): /ˈxun/
• (Viryal dialect) IPA^(key): /ˈxɔn/
• Rhymes: -un
• Hyphenation: хун

Adjective

хун • (hun)

1. (historical, archaic) khan

   Хусан хунӗсем ― Hus̬an hunĕs̬em ― khans of Kazan

   хун ҫарӗ ― hun śarĕ ― Khan's army

2. (historical) Hun, related to Hun ethnicity, language, or culture

Noun

хун • (hun) (3rd person possessive хунӗ, plural хунсем) 

1. (historical, archaic) khan
2. (historical) Hun (A member of a nomadic tribe who invaded Europe in the fourth century from Central Asia)

   Авал пӗтӗм тӗнчене хумхантарнӑ хун йӑхӗ.

   Aval p̬ĕt̬ĕm t̬ĕnč̬ene h̬umh̬ant̬arnă hun jăh̬ĕ.

   In ancient times, the Hun tribe worried the whole world.

Declension

Declension of хун

	singular	plural
nominative	хун (hun)	хунсем (huns̬em)
dative-accusative	хуна (huna)	хунсене (huns̬ene)
genitive	хунӑн (hunăn)	хунсен (huns̬en)
instrumental	хунпа (hunp̬a)	хунсемпе (huns̬emp̬e)
locative	хунра (hunra)	хунсенче (huns̬enč̬e)
ablative	хунран (hunran)	хунсенчен (huns̬enč̬en)
abessive	хунсӑр (huns̬ăr)	хунсемсӗр (huns̬ems̬ĕr)
causative	хуншӑн (hunš̬ăn)	хунсемшӗн (huns̬emš̬ĕn)

Descendants

• → Eastern Mari: он (on, “ruler”)

References

• Fedotov, M. R. (1996), “хон/хун”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ čuvašskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Chuvash Language] (in Russian), volume II, Cheboksary: Chuvash State Institute of Humanities, page 357
• Jegorov, V. G. (1964), “хун”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ čuvašskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Chuvash Language] (in Russian), Cheboksary: Čuvašskoje knižnoje izdatelʹstvo, pages 303-304

Further reading

• “хун”, in Электронлӑ сӑмахсар [Elektronlă s̬ămahsar]‎^[1] (overall work in Russian and Chuvash), 1996.

East Circassian

Etymology

Compare West Circassian фын (fən).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [xʷən]

Verb

хун • (xʷun)

1. to drive

   шыхэр псым хун.

   šəxɛr psəm xʷun.

   To drive the horses to the water.

2. to roll out (to cause to revolve)

   тхьэв хун.

   tḥɛv xʷun.

   To roll out the dough.

Kalmyk

Noun

хун • (xun)

1. swan

Lezgi

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Lezghian *ʔäχa- (“to chop, cut”), from Proto-Northeast Caucasian *=ǟχV (“to break, destroy”). Cognate with Tsakhur гярхас (gʲarꭓas, “to chop, cut down”).

Verb

хун • (ꭓun) (aorist ха́на, imperative хух, imperfective converb хаз)

1. (transitive) to break
2. (transitive) to chop, tear off
3. (intransitive) to break

Related terms

• хер (ꭓer, “wound, cut”)

References

• Aleksejev, Mixail (1985), Вопросы сравнительно-исторической грамматики лезгинских языков. Морфология. Синтаксис [Issues of comparative-historical grammar of Lezghian languages. Morphology. Syntax], Moscow: Nauka, page 109
• Erckert, Roderich von (1895), Die Sprachen des kaukasischen Stammes. I. Theil. Wörterverzeichniss‎^[2] (in German), Vienna: Alfred Hölder, →DOI, § 525, page 197b
• Kerimova, S. Q̄.; Melikmamedov, M. N. (2015), “хун ӏ”, in Lezgi č̣alanni azerbajžan č̣alan gafargan [Lezgi–Azerbaijani Dictionary]‎^[3], Baku: “Azərbaycan” nəşriyyatı, page 687b
• Nikolaev, Sergei L.; Starostin, Sergei A. (1994), “*=ǟχV”, in A North Caucasian Etymological Dictionary‎^[4], Moscow: Asterisk Publishers, page 284
• Uslar, Peter von (1896), “хун”, in Этнография Кавказа. Языкознание. VI. Кюринский язык [Ethnography of the Caucasus. Linguistics. VI. The Lezgi Language] (in Russian), Tiflis, pages 577–578
• Schiefner, Anton (1873), “xun”, in Ausführlicher Bericht uber Baron P. von Uslar's kürinische Studien (Mémoires de l’Académie des Sciences de St.-Pétérsbourg, VII-e serie; t. XX. no. 2) (in German), Saint Petersburg: Imperial Academy of Sciences, page 169ab

Mongolian

Mongolian	Cyrillic
ᠬᠤᠨ qun	хун xun

Etymology

From Proto-Mongolic *kun (“white swan”).

Pronunciation

• (Ulaanbaatar) IPA^(key): /xʊn/

Noun

хун • (xun)

1. swan

Tajik

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Iranian *wahūnīder.

Classical Persian خُون (xūn)

Tajik хун

Inherited from Classical Persian خُون (xūn).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /xun/, [χun]

Noun

хун • (xun) (Persian spelling خون)

1. blood

Derived terms

• хунафшон (xunafšon)
• хунбор (xunbor)
• хунолуд (xunolud)
• хуншор (xunšor)

Further reading

• “хун”, in Вожаҷӯ / واژه‌جو [Vožajü] (in Tajik), 2026

Wakhi

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /χun/

Noun

хун (xun)

1. home

Yaghnobi

Etymology

From *xumn < *xubn, compare Tajik хоб (xob), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *swep-. Compare Northern Kurdish xew.

Noun

хун (xun)

1. dream
2. sleep