שלום

Hebrew

Etymology

Root
שׁ־ל־ם‎ (š-l-m)

Common Northwest Semitic, Phoenician 𐤔𐤋𐤌‎ (šlm /⁠šalōm⁠/), Aramaic שְׁלָמָא‎ (šlāmā) / ܫܠܡܐ‎ (šlāmā), Ugaritic 𐎌𐎍𐎎 (šlm /⁠šalāmu⁠/).

Cognate with Arabic سلام‎ (salām).

Pronunciation

• (Modern Israeli Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ʃaˈlom/
• (Ashkenazi Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ʃɔˈloɪm/, /ˈʃɔ.loɪm/
• (Tiberian Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ʃɔˈlom/
• (Biblical Hebrew) IPA^(key): /ʃaloːm/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

שָׁלוֹם • (shalóm) m (no plural forms, singular construct שְׁלוֹם־)

1. (uncountable) peace
   • Leviticus 26:6, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

     ‏וְנָתַתִּי שָׁלוֹם בָּאָרֶץ וּשְׁכַבְתֶּם וְאֵין מַחֲרִיד וְהִשְׁבַּתִּי חַיָּה רָעָה מִן־הָאָרֶץ וְחֶרֶב לֹא־תַעֲבֹר בְּאַרְצְכֶם׃‎‎

     v'natatí shalóm ba'árets ush'khavtém v'éin makharíd v'hisbatí khayá ra'á min-ha'árets v'khérev lo-ta'avór b'arts'khém.
     wənāṯattī šālōm bāʾā́reṣ ūšəḵaḇtem wəʾēn maḥărīḏ wəhišbattī ḥayyā rāʿā min-hāʾā́reṣ wəḥéreḇ lō-ṯaʿăḇōr bəʾarṣəḵem.

     And I will give peace in the land, and ye shall lie down, and none shall make you afraid; and I will cause evil beasts to cease out of the land, neither shall the sword go through your land.

   • 1977, “נוֹלַדְתִּי לַשָּׁלוֹם (“I Was Born for Peace”)”, Uzi Hitman (music):

     ‏אני נולדתי לשלום שרק יגיע / אני נולדתי לשלום שרק יבוא‎‎

     'aní noládti lashalóm sherák yagía' / 'aní noládti lashalóm sherák yavó

     I was born for peace, that it may finally arrive / I was born for peace, that it may finally come

2. (uncountable) rest, quietude

   ‏שַׁבָּת שָׁלוֹם!‎‎ ― shabát shalóm! ― Peaceful Sabbath!

3. (uncountable) well-being, welfare

   ‏מַה שְּׁלוֹמְךָ?‎‎ ― má sh'lom'khá? ― How are you?

   • 2 Kings 4:26, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:

     ‏עַתָּה רוּץ־נָא לִקְרָאתָהּ וֶאֱמָר־לָהּ הֲשָׁלוֹם לָךְ הֲשָׁלוֹם לְאִישֵׁךְ הֲשָׁלוֹם לַיָּלֶד וַתֹּאמֶ שָׁלוֹם׃‎‎

     'atá ruts-ná lik'ratáh ve'emor-láh ha-shalóm lákh ha-shalóm l'ishékh ha-shalóm layáled vatómer shalóm.
     ʿattā rūṣ-nā liqərāṯāh weʾĕmor-lāh hăšālōm lāḵ hăšālōm ləʾīšēḵ hăšālōm layyā́leḏ wattṓmer šālōm.

     Run, I pray thee, now to meet her, and say unto her: ‘Is it well with thee? is it well with thy husband? is it well with the child?’ And she answered: ‘It is well.’

Declension

Declension of שָׁלוֹם

Number	Isolated forms		With possessive pronouns
	State	Form	Person	singular		plural
				m.	f.	m.	f.
singular	indefinite	שָׁלוֹם	first	שְׁלוֹמִי‎		שְׁלוֹמֵנוּ‎
	definite	הַשָּׁלוֹם‎	second	שְׁלוֹמְךָ‎	שְׁלוֹמֵךְ‎	שְׁלוֹמְכֶם‎	שְׁלוֹמְכֶן‎
	construct	שְׁלוֹם־	third	שְׁלוֹמוֹ‎	שְׁלוֹמָהּ‎	שְׁלוֹמָם‎	שְׁלוֹמָן‎

Derived terms

• חַס וְשָׁלוֹם‎ (khas v'shalóm)

Interjection

שָׁלוֹם • (shalóm)

1. (conventional greeting) hello
2. goodbye

Derived terms

• שָׁלוֹם עֲלֵיכֶם‎ (shalóm 'alekhém)

Proper noun

שָׁלוֹם • (shalóm) m

1. A title of God.
2. a male given name, Shalom

Descendants

• → Arabic: شَالُوم‎ (šālōm)
• → Armenian: շալոմ (šalom)
• → Belarusian: шало́м (šalóm)
• → Bulgarian: шало́м (šalóm)
• → Chinese: 沙龍／沙龙 (shālóng)
• → Czech: šalóm
• → Dutch: sjalom
• → English: shalom
• → Finnish: šalom
• → French: chalôm
• → Georgian: შალომი (šalomi)
• → German: Schalom
• → Greek: σαλόμ (salóm)
• → Hindi: शालोम (śālom)
• → Hungarian: salom
• → Japanese: シャーローム (shārōmu)
• → Judeo-Tat: шолум (şolum)
• → Korean: 샬롬 (syallom)
• → Ladino: shalom
• → Lithuanian: šalom
• → Macedonian: шало́м (šalóm)
• → Persian: شالوم‎ (šâlom)
• → Polish: szalom
• → Portuguese: shalom
• → Russian: шало́м (šalóm)
• → Serbo-Croatian: шалом (shalom)
• → Slovak: šalóm
• → Slovene: šalom
• → Spanish: shalom
• → Turkish: şalom
• → Ukrainian: шало́м (šalóm)
• → Yiddish: שלום‎ (sholem)

References

• H7965 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible

Yiddish

Etymology

From Hebrew שָׁלוֹם‎ (shalóm, “peace”).

Pronunciation

• (YIVO, Litvish) IPA^(key): /ˈʃɔ.ɫəm/
• (Poylish) IPA^(key): /ˈʃuː.ɫəm/
• (Ukraynish) IPA^(key): /ˈʃu.ɫəm/

Noun

שלום • (sholem) m

1. peace
2. A greeting

Derived terms

• שלומדיק‎ (sholemdik, “peaceful”)

Related terms

• שלום עליכם‎ (sholem aleykhem)

Proper noun

שלום • (sholem) m

1. a male given name, Shalom

See also

• שלמה‎ (shloyme)