بیش

See also: بيش

Brahui

Alternative forms

• بھِیش (bhīś)

Etymology

Unknown. Compare Sanskrit वेसर (vesara), वेशर (veśara, “mule”).

Noun

بِیش (bīś)

1. donkey

Derived terms

• بِیشِی (bīśī, “donkey man”)

References

• Bray, Denys (1934), “bīsh”, in The Brahui Language‎^[1], Calcutta, India: Superintendent Government Printing, Part II: The Brāhūī Problem; Part III: Etymological Vocabulary, page 75

Chagatai

Chagatai cardinal numbers

<  ۴	۵	۶  >
Cardinal : بیش (beş)     Distributive : بیشار (byšār)

Numeral

بیش • (beş)

1. five (5)

Descendants

• Ili Turki: besh
• Uyghur: بەش (besh)
• Uzbek: besh

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian [script needed] (wyš /⁠wēš⁠/, “more”), probably borrowed from Avestan 𐬠𐬌𐬱 (biš, “twice”), from 𐬛𐬀𐬌𐬠𐬌𐬙𐬌𐬌𐬀 (daⁱbitiia).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈbeːʃ/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [beːʃ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [beːʃ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [beːʃ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [beːʃ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [biːʃ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [beʃ]

• Rhymes: -eːʃ

Readings
Classical reading?	bēš
Dari reading?	bēš
Iranian reading?	biš
Tajik reading?	beš

Adverb

بیش • (bēš / biš) (Tajik spelling беш)

1. more

   Synonym: بیشتر (bēštar / bištar)

   این کشور بیش از پیش ثروتمند است.

   in kešvar biš az piš servatmand ast.

   This country is wealthier than before.

Descendants

• → Assamese: বেছি (besi)
• → Bengali: বেশ (beś)
• → Urdu: بیش (beś)

Etymology 2

From Middle Persian [script needed] (byš /⁠bīš⁠/, “aconite”), from Sanskrit विषा (viṣā, “Aconitum ferox”), from विष (viṣa, “poison”), whence English bikh.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈbiːʃ/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [biːʃ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [biːʃ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [biːʃ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [biʃ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [biːʃ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [biʃ]

• Rhymes: -iːʃ

Readings
Classical reading?	bīš
Dari reading?	bīš
Iranian reading?	biš
Tajik reading?	biš

Noun

بیش • (bīš / biš) (Tajik spelling биш)

1. aconite

Descendants

• → Arabic: بِيش (bīš)
• → Middle Armenian: բէշ (bēš), բիշ (biš), պէշ (pēš), պիշ (piš)

Further reading

• Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971), “բէշ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, pages 446–447
• Laufer, Berthold (1919), Sino-Iranica: Chinese contributions to the history of civilization in ancient Iran, with special reference to the history of cultivated plants and products (Fieldiana, Anthropology; 15), volume 3, Chicago: University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, page 582
• MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 18
• Palatecʻi, Gēorg Dpir (1829), “պիյշ [piyš]”, in Baṙaran Parskerēn əst kargi haykakan aybubenicʻ [Persian Dictionary in the Order of the Armenian Alphabet] (in Armenian), Constantinople: Boghos Arabian Press, page 442b
• Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892), “بیش”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary (overall work in English), London: Routledge & K. Paul, page 221

Torwali

Etymology

From Sanskrit वंशी (vaṃśī, “flute”). Compare Hindi बाँसुरी (bā̃surī).

Noun

بیش (bīš)

1. flute

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian بیش (bēš).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /beːʃ/

Adjective

بیش • (beš)

1. more, greater
2. excess, too much, a lot

   Synonyms: کافِی (kāfī), بَہَت (bahat), خُوب (xūb), اَنیک (anek)

References

• “بیش”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “بیش”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2026.

Ushojo

Noun

بیش (beš)

1. beam
2. beam made of wood