تعلیم

See also: تعليم

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic تَعْلِيم (taʕlīm).

Noun

تعلیم • (talim) (definite accusative تعلیمی (talimi), plural تعلیمات)

1. instruction
2. exercise
3. practice

Descendants

• Turkish: talim
• Crimean Tatar: talim

Persian

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic تَعْلِيم (taʕlīm).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [taʔ.liːm]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰäʔ.liːm]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰäʔ.liːm]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰɑː.liːm]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰɔː.lim]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰæʔ.liːm]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [t̪ʰäʔ.lim]

Readings
Classical reading?	ta'līm
Dari reading?	ta'līm
Iranian reading?	ta'lim
Tajik reading?	taʾlim

Noun

Dari	تعلیم
Iranian Persian
Tajik	таълим

تعلیم • (ta'lim) (plural تعلیم‌ها (ta'lim-hâ) or تعالیم (ta'âlim))

1. instruction, education
   • c. 1030, Farrukhī Sīstānī, “Qaṣīda 127”, in دیوان فرخی سیستانی [Dīvān of Farrukhī]‎^[1]:

     به همه کاری تعلیم ازو خواهد میر
     ار چه او را ز کسی خواست نباید تعلیم

     ba hama karē ta'līm az ō xwāhad mīr
     ar či ō rā zi kasē xwāst na-bāyad ta'līm

     The prince asks him for instruction in every affair,
     Although he does not need instruction from anybody.

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

2. teaching, doctrine

Descendants

• Tajik: таълим (taʾlim)
• → Bengali: তালিম (talim)
• → Gujarati: તાલીમ (tālīm)
• → Hindustani:

  Hindi: तालीम (tālīm)

  Urdu: تَعْلِیم (ta'līm)

• → Kannada: ತಾಲೀಮು (tālīmu)
• → Marathi: तालीम (tālīm)
• → Punjabi:

  Gurmukhi script: ਤਾਲੀਮ (tālīm)

  Shahmukhi script: تَعلِیم (taʻlīm)

• → Turkmen: tälim
• → Uyghur: تەلىم (telim)
• → Uzbek: ta'lim

Urdu

Etymology

Etymology tree

Arabic عَلَّمَ (ʕallama)

Arabic تَعْلِيم (taʕlīm)bor.

Classical Persian تَعْلِیم (ta'līm)bor.

Urdu تَعْلِیم (ta'līm)

Borrowed from Classical Persian تَعْلِیم (ta'līm), borrowed from Arabic تَعْلِيم (taʕlīm), from عَلَّمَ (ʕallama).

Pronunciation

• (Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /t̪əʔ.liːm/, [t̪ɑː.liːm]

• Audio (Pakistan):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -iːm

Noun

تَعْلِیم • (ta'līm) f (formal plural تعلیمات, Hindi spelling तालीम)

1. education

   Synonym: پَڑھَائِی (paṛhāī)

   • 1982, اسد اریب [Asad Arīb], بچوں کا ادب : تاریخ و تنقید [Baccon̲ kā adab : tārīk̲h̲ o tanqīd, Children's Literature: History and Criticism], Multan: کاروان ادب [kārvān-e adab], →OCLC, page 42:

     اس باب میں انیسویں صدی کی ان کتابوں کا ذکر کیا جائے گا جو ابتدائی تعلیم کے لئے ایرانی طرز سے ہٹ کر لکھی گئیں

     is bāb meṉ unnīsvīṉ ṣadī kī un kitāboṉ kā ẕikr kiyā jā'e gā jo ibtidā'ī taʻlīm ke li'ye īrānī t̤arz se haṭ kar likhī ga'īṉ

     In this chapter, the books of the 19th century that were written contrasting to the Iranian style for primary education will be mentioned

   • 2021 September 13, طاہرہ سید [Tahira Syed], DW اردو‎^[2]:

     ہمارے بچوں کی تعلیم بمقابلہ ولایتی بچوں کی تعلیم

     hamāre baccoṉ kī taʻlīm bamuqābila valāyitī baccoṉ kī taʻlīm

     Our children's education compared to the children education [given] abroad

2. teaching, instruction
   • 1870, مکتوبات سر سید [maktūbāt sar sayyad], page 124:

     میں آپ کو یقین دلاتا ہوں کہ یہ میری تعلیم اس کو نہیں ہے۔

     maiṉ āp ko yaqīn dilātā hūṉ kih yih merī taʻlīm is ko nahīṉ hai.

     Believe me, this is not my teaching [that I have given] to him.

3. taming, grooming (of a horse)
4. (art, wrestling) training, practice
   • 1944, مقالات ماجد [maqālāt-e mājid], page 111:

     استاد جی ... ارباب نشاط کے تعلیم دینے والے کو کہتے ہیں، خود لفظ تعلیم بھی لکھنؤ کی زبان میں اس خاص معنے میں مستعمل ہے۔

     ustād jī ... arbāb-e naśāt̤ ke taʻlīm dene vāle ko kahte haiṉ, xod lafz̤ taʻlīm bhī lakhna'ū kī zabān meṉ is xāṣ maʻne meṉ mustaʻmal hai.

     'Ustaad ji' ... is one who gives training in arts [relating to singing and dancing], the word "taʻlīm" itself is used in this way in the Lucknow vernacular.

5. teaching, knowledge, guidance (attained by or given to a disciple, student)
   • 1855, پادری فانڈر صاحب [C.G. Pfander], اختتام دینی مباحثہ [Ikhtitámi Múbáhisah], Agra: Secundra Orphan Press. (lithograph.), →OCLC, page 33:

     اور مسیح نے حواری کو اپنی زبان مبارک سے تعلیم دی ہؠ

     aur masīḥ ne ḥavārī ko apnī zubān-e mabārik se taʻlīm dī hai

     And Christ has given the apostles guidance in his blessed language

Declension

Declension of تعلیم
	singular	plural
direct	تَعْلِیم (taʻlīm)	تَعْلِیمیں (taʻlīmẽ)
oblique	تَعْلِیم (taʻlīm)	تَعْلِیموں (taʻlīmõ)
vocative	تَعْلِیم (taʻlīm)	تَعْلِیمو (taʻlīmo)

Derived terms

• بے تَعْلِیم (be ta'līm, “uneducated”)
• تَعْلِیم خانَہ (ta'līm xāna, “arts centre, training center”)
• تَعْلِیم دینَا (ta'līm denā, “to educate”)
• تَعْلِیم یافَتَہ (ta'līm yāfata, “educated; qualified; accomplished”)
• تَعْلِیمِ اَعْلیٰ (ta'līm-i a'lā, “higher education”)
• تَعْلِیمِ اِبْتِدائی (ta'līm-i ibtidāī, “primary education”)
• تَعْلِیمی (ta'līmī, “educational”)

 

Further reading

• “تعلیم”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
• “تعلیم”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
• Fallon, Platts, Qureshi, Shakespear (2024) “تعلیم”, in Digital Dictionaries of South Asia [Combined Urdu Dictionaries]