دین

See also: دين and ڈین

Azerbaijani

Noun

دین (din) (definite accusative دینی (dini), plural دینلر (dinlər))

1. Arabic spelling of din (“religion”)

Declension

Declension of دین

	singular	plural
nominative	دین	دینلر
definite accusative	دینی	دینلری
dative	دینه	دینلره
locative	دینده	دینلرده
ablative	دیندن	دینلردن
definite genitive	دینین	دینلرین

Central Kurdish

Etymology

Compare Persian دین (din, “religion”), Parthian 𐫅𐫏𐫗 (dyn, “religion”), Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬉𐬥𐬁 (daēnā, “religion, vision”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /diːn/

Noun

Northern Kurdish	dîn

دین (dîn)

1. religion

   Synonym: ئایین (ayîn)

Derived terms

• بێدین (bêdîn)
• دیندار (dîndar)
• دینی (dînî)

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic دِين (dīn, “religion, creed”), with some influence from Middle Persian [script needed] (dyn' /⁠dēn⁠/), which developed from Old Persian *dainah (“a religious-informed or conscientious way of life”).

Noun

دین • (din) (definite accusative دینی (dini), plural ادیان (edyân))

1. religion, faith, belief in a spiritual or metaphysical reality, accompanied by practices or rituals pertaining to the belief

   Synonym: مذهب (mezheb)

Derived terms

• دین فروش (din furuş, “hypocrite”)
• دین پرور (din perver, “pious”)
• دیندار (dindâr, “religious, pious”)
• دینسز (dinsiz, “atheist; merciless”)
• دینی (dinî, “religious”)
• كیزلو دین قوللانمق (kizli din kullanmak, “to be hypocritical”)

Descendants

• Turkish: din
• → Albanian: din

Further reading

click to expand

• Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1881), “دین”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume I, Paris: E. Leroux, page 784
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “din6”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1227
• Hindoglu, Artin (1838), “دین”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎^[1], Vienna: F. Beck, page 240a
• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “دین”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[2] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 601
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687), “Religio”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[3], Vienna, column 1456
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “دین”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[4], Vienna, column 2217
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “din”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “دین”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 940

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic دَيْن (dayn, “debt, obligation”).

Noun

دین • (deyn) (definite accusative دینی (deyni), plural دیون (düyun))

1. (finance) debt, money that a person or entity owes or is required to pay to another, generally as a result of a loan or other financial transaction

   Synonym: بورج (borc)

2. debt, obligation, an action, state of mind, or object one has an obligation to perform for another, adopt toward another, or give to another

   Synonym: بورج (borc)

Derived terms

• تحویل دین ایتمك (tâhvil-i deyn etmek, “to transform a debt”)
• دین مصفی (deyn-i musaffa, “liquid debt”)
• دین ممتاز (deyn-i mümtâz, “privileged debt”)
• رهنلو دین (rehenly deyn, “mortgage debt”)
• رونسز دین (rehensiz deyn, “chirographic debt”)

Descendants

• Turkish: deyn

Further reading

click to expand

• Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1881), “دین”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume I, Paris: E. Leroux, page 784
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007), “deyn”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1193
• Devellioğlu, Ferit (1962), “deyn”, in Osmanlıca-Türkçe Ansiklopedik Lûgat‎‎^[6] (in Turkish), Istanbul: Türk Dil Kurumu, page 216
• Kélékian, Diran (1911), “دین”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[7] (in French), Constantinople: Mihran, page 601
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687), “Debitum”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[8], Vienna, column 324
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “دین”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[9], Vienna, column 2216
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “deyn”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890), “دین”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[10], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 939

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian [script needed] (dyn' /⁠dēn⁠/), from Old Persian *dainah (“a religious-informed or conscientious way of life”), already influenced by Avestan 𐬛𐬀𐬉𐬥𐬁 (daēnā, “religion, vision”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰayHanā- (compare Sanskrit ध्यान (dhyāna)), and Semitic words, see Arabic دِين (dīn), from which the broken plural ادیان (adyân) is borrowed.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈdiːn/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪íːn]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪íːn]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [d̪íːn]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [d̪ín]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪íːn]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ín]

Readings
Classical reading?	dīn
Dari reading?	dīn
Iranian reading?	din
Tajik reading?	din

Noun

Dari	دین
Iranian Persian
Tajik	дин

دین • (din) (plural دین‌ها (din-hâ), or ادیان (adyân))

1. religion
   • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 1770:

     ملت عشق از همه دینها جداست
     عاشقان را ملت و مذهب خداست

     millat-i 'išq az hama dīnhā judā-st
     'āšiqān rā millat u mazhab xudā-st

     The religion of Love is apart from all religions:
     for lovers, the (only) religion and creed is—God.

Derived terms

• دیندار (dindâr)
• دینور (dinvar)
• بهدین (beh-din)
• بی‌دین (bi-din)

Descendants

• Judeo-Persian: דין (dīn)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic دَيْن (dayn).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): /ˈdajn/

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ájn]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ájn]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [d̪ájn]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [d̪ájn]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪éjn]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [d̪ájn]

Readings
Classical reading?	dayn
Dari reading?	dayn
Iranian reading?	deyn
Tajik reading?	dayn

Noun

دین • (dayn / deyn) (Tajik spelling дайн)

1. loan

   زیر دین کسی ― zir-e deyn-e kasi ― in debt to someone

2. debt

Descendants

• → Bengali: দেনা (dena)
• → Urdu: دین (dain)

Urdu

Etymology 1

From Sanskrit दीन (dīna).

Adjective

دین • (dīn) (Hindi spelling दीन)

1. poor
2. needy
3. indigent
4. distressed

Etymology 2

From Sanskrit दिन (dina).

Adjective

دین • (dain) (Hindi spelling दैन)

1. daily
2. diurnal

Etymology 3

Borrowed from Classical Persian دِین (dīn), from Middle Persian dyn' (dēn).

Noun

دین • (dīn) m (Hindi spelling दीन)

1. faith
2. religion

Etymology 4

From Arabic دَيْن (dayn).

Noun

دین • (dain) m (Hindi spelling दैन)

1. debt
2. loan

Etymology 5

From Sanskrit दीन (dīna).

Noun

دین • (dain) m (Hindi spelling दैन)

1. poverty
2. misery
3. lowliness