شہر
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Punjabi
[edit]
Etymology
[edit]Etymology tree
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Punjabi) Phonetic: śǽră IPA(key): /ʃɛː˦ɾə̆/
Noun
[edit]شَہَر • (śahar) m (Gurmukhi spelling ਸ਼ਹਿਰ)
- city, metropolis (urban area)
- اَسِیں شَہَر توں آئے آں۔
- asīṉ śahar toṉ ā'e āṉ.
- We've come from the city.
Declension
[edit]| Declension of شہر | ||
|---|---|---|
| dir. sg. | شَہِر (śahir) | |
| dir. pl. | شَہِر (śahir) | |
| singular | plural | |
| direct | شَہِر (śahir) | شَہِر (śahir) |
| oblique | شَہِر (śahir) | شَہِراں (śahirāṉ) |
| vocative | شَہِرا (śahirā) | شَہِرو (śahiro) |
| ablative | شَہِروں (śahiroṉ) | شَہِراں (śahirāṉ) |
| locative | شَہِرے (śahire) | شَہِرِیں (śahirīṉ) |
| instrumental | شَہِروں (śahiroṉ) | – |
Further reading
[edit]- Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002) “شہر”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz
- Bashir, Kanwal (2012) “شہر”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Hyattsville, MD: Dunwoody Press
- “ਸ਼ਹਿਰ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2024
Urdu
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Etymology tree
Borrowed from Classical Persian شَهر (šahr), from Middle Persian 𐭱𐭲𐭥𐭩 (štʿy /šahr/), from Proto-Iranian *xšaθram (likely through Avestan 𐬑𐬱𐬀𐬚𐬭𐬀 (xšaθra, “kingdom”)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kšatrám, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *tek- (“to attain”). Cognate with Sanskrit क्षत्र (kṣatrá, “dominion, kingdom”), and Parthian 𐭇𐭔𐭕𐭓 (ḥštr /xšahr/). Doublet of کھاتا (khātā).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /ʃəɦɾ/, [ʃɛ.ɦɛɾ]
- (Punjabic Urdu) IPA(key): [ʃɛːɾ]
- Rhymes: -əɾ
Noun
[edit]شَہْر • (śahr) m (Hindi spelling शहर)
Declension
[edit]| Declension of شہر | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |||||||
| direct | شَہَر (śahr) | شَہَر (śahr) | ||||||
| oblique | شَہَر (śahr) | شَہَروں (śahrō̃) | ||||||
| vocative | شَہَر (śahr) | شَہَرو (śahrō) | ||||||
Related terms
[edit]- شہری (śahrī, “citizen”)
- شہریت (śahriyat, “citizenship”)
Further reading
[edit]- “شہر”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
- “شہر”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
- Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “شہر”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
Categories:
- Punjabi terms derived from Middle Persian
- Punjabi terms derived from Classical Persian
- Punjabi terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Punjabi terms borrowed from Classical Persian
- Punjabi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Punjabi lemmas
- Punjabi nouns
- Punjabi nouns in Shahmukhi script
- Punjabi masculine nouns
- Punjabi terms with usage examples
- Punjabi nouns with declension
- Urdu terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Urdu terms derived from Classical Persian
- Urdu terms borrowed from Classical Persian
- Urdu terms derived from Middle Persian
- Urdu terms derived from Proto-Iranian
- Urdu terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Urdu doublets
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- Rhymes:Urdu/əɾ
- Rhymes:Urdu/əɾ/2 syllables
- Urdu lemmas
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- Urdu masculine nouns
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- ur:Places