ܟܬܒܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Root
ܟ ܬ ܒ (k t b)
9 terms

Etymology 1

Compare Arabic كِتَاب (kitāb), Hebrew כְּתָב (kəṯāḇ).

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [kθɑːvɑː]
• (Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key): [kθɑːwɑː]
• (Urmian) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃtɑːvɑː]

Noun

ܟܬ݂ܵܒ݂ܵܐ • (kṯāḇā) m (plural ܟܬ݂ܵܒ݂ܹ̈ܐ (kṯāḇē) or ܟܬ݂ܵܒ݂ܵܢܹ̈ܐ (kṯāḇānē))

1. book, writing

   ܡܲܚܸܒܸܢ ܩܵܪܹܝܢ ܚܲܕ݇ ܟܬܵܒ݂ܵܐ ܒܩܲܝܕܵܡܬܵܐ ܘܚܲܕ݇ ܐ݇ܚܹܪ݇ܢܵܐ ܒܪܲܡܫܵܐ.

   maḥḥibin qārēn ḥa ktāḇā bqaydāmtā w-ḥa ḥēnā b-ramšā.

   I like to read one book in the morning and another in the evening.

   • 2 Timothy 4:13:

     ܐܝܼܡܲܢ ܕܐܵܬܹܝܬ ܡܲܝܬ݂ܝܼ ܠܵܗ̇ ܥܵܒܵܝܬܵܐ ܕܫܒ݂ܝܼܩ ܠܝܼ ܠܟܸܣ ܩܵܪܦܘܿܣ ܓܵܘ ܛܪܘܿܐܘܿܣ، ܐܘܼܦ ܡܲܝܬ݂ܝܼ ܠܗܘܿܢ ܟܬܵܒ݂ܹ̈ܐ، ܐܝܼܢܵܐ ܒܘܼܫ ܙܵܘܕܵܐ ܟܬܵܒ݂ܹ̈ܐ ܕܓܸܠܕܵܐ.

     īman d-ātēt mayṯī lāh ˁābāytā dšḇīq lī lkis qārpōs gāw ṭrōˀōs, ūp mayṯī lhōn ktāḇē, īnā būš zāwdā ktāḇē dgildā.

     When you come, bring the cloak that I left with Carpus at Troas, and bring the books as well, especially the parchments..

Declension

Inflection of ܟܬܵܒ݂ܵܐ (ktāḇā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܟܬܵܒ݂ܝܼ (ktāḇī)		ܟܬܵܒ݂ܲܢ (ktāḇan)
	construct	ܟܬܵܒ݂ (ktāḇ)	2nd person	ܟܬܵܒ݂ܘܼܟ݂ (ktāḇūḵ)	ܟܬܵܒ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ (ktāḇāḵ)	ܟܬܵܒ݂ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ktāḇāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܟܬܵܒ݂ܵܐ (ktāḇā)	3rd person	ܟܬܵܒ݂ܹܗ (ktāḇēh)	ܟܬܵܒ݂ܵܗ̇ (ktāḇāh)	ܟܬܵܒ݂ܗܘܿܢ (ktāḇhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܟܬܵܒ݂ܝܼ̈ (ktāḇī)		ܟܬܵܒ݂ܲܢ̈ (ktāḇan)
	construct	ܟܬܵܒ݂ܲܝ̈ (ktāḇay)	2nd person	ܟܬܵܒ݂ܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (ktāḇūḵ)	ܟܬܵܒ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (ktāḇāḵ)	ܟܬܵܒ݂ܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ktāḇāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܟܬܵܒ݂ܹ̈ܐ (ktāḇē)	3rd person	ܟܬܵܒ݂ܘܼ̈ܗܝ (ktāḇūh)	ܟܬܵܒ݂̈ܘܿܗ̇ (ktāḇōh)	ܟܬܵܒ݂ܗ̈ܘܿܢ (ktāḇhōn)

Derived terms

• ܟܬ݂ܵܒ݂ܬܵܐ (kṯāḇtā, “writing; scripture; script”)
• ܟܬ݂ܵܒ݂ܘܿܢܵܐ (kṯāḇōnā, “booklet, small book”)
• ܟܬ݂ܵܒ݂ܵܐ ܩܲܕܝܼܫܵܐ (kṯāḇā qadīšā, “Holy Book; Bible”)

Etymology 2

Related to the above; compare Arabic كَاتِب (kātib), Hebrew כּוֹתֵב (kotév).

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [kat.tɑːwɑː]
• (Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key): [kaθɑːwɑː]
• (Urmian) IPA^(key): [t͡ʃat.tɑːvɑː]

Noun

ܟܲܬܵܒ݂ܵܐ • (kattāḇā) m (plural ܟܲܬ݂ܵܒܹ̈ܐ (kaṯābē), feminine ܟܲܬܵܒ݂ܬܵܐ (kattāḇtā))

1. writer, author

Declension

Inflection of ܟܲܬܵܒ݂ܵܐ (kattāḇā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܟܲܬܵܒ݂ܝܼ (kattāḇī)		ܟܲܬܵܒ݂ܲܢ (kattāḇan)
	construct	ܟܲܬܵܒ݂ (kattāḇ)	2nd person	ܟܲܬܵܒ݂ܘܼܟ݂ (kattāḇūḵ)	ܟܲܬܵܒ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ (kattāḇāḵ)	ܟܲܬܵܒ݂ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (kattāḇāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܟܲܬܵܒ݂ܵܐ (kattāḇā)	3rd person	ܟܲܬܵܒ݂ܹܗ (kattāḇēh)	ܟܲܬܵܒ݂ܵܗ̇ (kattāḇāh)	ܟܲܬܵܒ݂ܗܘܿܢ (kattāḇhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܟܲܬܵܒ݂ܝܼ̈ (kattāḇī)		ܟܲܬܵܒ݂ܲܢ̈ (kattāḇan)
	construct	ܟܲܬܵܒ݂ܲܝ̈ (kattāḇay)	2nd person	ܟܲܬܵܒ݂ܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (kattāḇūḵ)	ܟܲܬܵܒ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (kattāḇāḵ)	ܟܲܬܵܒ݂ܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (kattāḇāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܟܲܬܵܒ݂ܹ̈ܐ (kattāḇē)	3rd person	ܟܲܬܵܒ݂ܘܼ̈ܗܝ (kattāḇūh)	ܟܲܬܵܒ݂̈ܘܿܗ̇ (kattāḇōh)	ܟܲܬܵܒ݂ܗ̈ܘܿܢ (kattāḇhōn)

Classical Syriac

Etymology

ܟܬܒܐ ܩܕܝܫܐ

From the root ܟ-ܬ-ܒ (k-t-b) related to writing; compare Arabic كِتَاب (kitāb), Hebrew כְּתָב (kəṯāḇ).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [k(ə.)ˈθɑ.vɑ]
• (Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈkθɑ.wɑ]
• (Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈkθo.wo], [ˈkθo.bo]

Noun

ܟܬܒܐ • (kəṯāḇā) m (plural ܟܬܒ̈ܐ (kəṯāḇē))

1. book
   • Peshitta, 2 Timothy 4:13:

     ܒܝܬ ܟܬܒ̈ܐ ܕܝܢ ܕܫܒܩܬ ܒܛܪܘܐܘܣ ܠܘܬ ܩܪܦܘܣ. ܡܐ ܕܐܬܐ ܐܢܬ ܐܝܬܝܗܝ. ܘܟܬܒ̈ܐ ܝܬܝܪܐܝܬ ܟܪ̈ܟܐ ܕܡܓܠ̈ܐ.

     bêṯ kəṯāḇē ḏên də-šeḇqeṯ ba-ṭərōʾōs ləwāṯ qarpōs, mā ḏə-ʾāṯē ʾa[n]t ʾaytāy[hy], wa-ḵəṯāḇē yattīrāʾīṯ kerkē ḏa-məḡallē.

     The cloke that I left at Troas with Carpus, when thou comest, bring with thee, and the books, but especially the parchments.

2. writing, scripture, script
3. handwriting
4. inscription, superscription, title
5. tattoo
6. record, agreement, contract, decree, bill, bond

Inflection

    inflection of ܟܬܒܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܟܬܒ	ܟܬܒܝܢ
construct	ܟܬܒ	ܟܬܒܝ
emphatic	ܟܬܒܐ	ܟܬܒܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܟܬܒܝ	ܟܬܒܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܟܬܒܟ	ܟܬܒܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܟܬܒܟܝ	ܟܬܒܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܟܬܒܗ	ܟܬܒܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܟܬܒܗ	ܟܬܒܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܟܬܒܢ	ܟܬܒܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܟܬܒܟܘܢ	ܟܬܒܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܟܬܒܟܝܢ	ܟܬܒܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܟܬܒܗܘܢ	ܟܬܒܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܟܬܒܗܝܢ	ܟܬܒܝܗܝܢ

Derived terms

• ܟܬܒܘܢܐ (kəṯāḇōnā, “booklet”)

References

• “ktb”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2011-10-20
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 165a
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 230b
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, pages 660b-661a