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हृ

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Sanskrit

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Alternative forms

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Alternative scripts

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Alternative scripts

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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    Of uncertain origin.

    The traditional derivation by Pokorny from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- (“to want, yearn”)[1] (whence हर्य् (hary, “to like, delight in”)),[2] is not mentioned at all by Mayrhofer, who suggests a partial relation to भृ (bhṛ, “to bear, carry”), as well as contamination by both भृ (bhṛ) and घृ (ghṛ, “to besprinkle, moisten”). He mentions that ascertaining the ultimate origins of हृ (hṛ) is difficult due to the semantic overlap described above.[3][4]

    An alternative theory by De Vaan derives the root from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰer- (“to enclose”), comparing to Latin cohors (“farmyard, cohort”).[5] It is possible that the potential relations discussed above have all influenced the formation of the Sanskrit root.

    Root

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    हृ • (hṛ)

    1. to take
    Derived terms
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    Primary verbal forms
    Secondary forms
    Non-finite forms
    Derived nominal forms
    Prefixed root forms
    Sanskrit terms belonging to the root हृ (1 c, 12 e)
    Terms derived from the Sanskrit root हृ (13 c, 0 e)

    Etymology 2

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    Etymology tree
    Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰárH-
    Sanskrit हृ

      From Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́ʰárH- (“vex; to be upset”), and cognate with Persian آزردن (âzordan, “to annoy, torment”).[6][7][8]

      Root

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      हृ • (hṛ)

      1. to be angry or wroth
      Derived terms
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      References

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      1. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959), “ģher-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 440
      2. ^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011), “har⁽ᶦ⁾ [2]”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, pages 222-3
      3. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “HAR¹”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 803
      4. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1976), “hárati”, in Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎[2] (in German), volume 3, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 578
      5. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “cohors, -tis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 123
      6. ^ Cheung, Johnny (2007), “*zarH2”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 469
      7. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996), “HARᴵ”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎[3] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 805
      8. ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1956–1980), “hṛṇīté”, in Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary]‎[4] (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 604

      Further reading

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