千早ぶ

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
千 早
ち
Grade: 1 		はや
Grade: 1
kun'yomi

Etymology

From Old Japanese.

Shift from classical verb 逸早ぶ (ichihayabu, “to move or act quickly and strongly”).[1]

Compare the development of 茨 (ibara, “bramble”) → 薔薇 (bara, “rose”).

Verb

千(ち)早(はや)ぶ • (chihayabu) intransitive †nidan

  1. (archaic) to move or act ferociously, with terrible godly power

Conjugation

Classical conjugation of "千早ぶ" (バ行上二段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 千早び ちはやび tifayabi
Continuative (連用形) 千早び ちはやび tifayabi
Terminal (終止形) 千早ぶ ちはやぶ tifayabu
Attributive (連体形) 千早ぶる ちはやぶる tifayaburu
Realis (已然形) 千早ぶれ ちはやぶれ tifayabure
Imperative (命令形) 千早びよ ちはやびよ tifayabiyo
Key constructions
Negative 千早びず ちはやびず tifayabizu
Contrasting conjunction 千早ぶれど ちはやぶれど tifayaburedo
Causal conjunction 千早ぶれば ちはやぶれば tifayabureba
Conditional conjunction 千早びば ちはやびば tifayabiba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 千早びき ちはやびき tifayabiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 千早びけり ちはやびけり tifayabikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 千早びつ ちはやびつ tifayabitu
Perfect tense (natural event) 千早びぬ ちはやびぬ tifayabinu
Perfect-continuative tense 千早びたり ちはやびたり tifayabitari
Volitional 千早びむ ちはやびむ tifayabimu

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Old Japanese

Etymology

Shift from verb 逸早ぶ (itipayabu, “to move or act quickly and strongly”).[1]

Verb

千早ぶ (tipapabu) (kana ちはやぶ)

  1. to move or act ferociously, with terrible godly power
    • 711–712, Kojiki, First scroll, subjugation of Ashihara no Nakatsukuni:
      ...故、以為於此國道速振、荒振國神等之多在。
      (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 2, first variant poem 199, first variant:
      , text here
      ...鷄之鳴吾妻乃國之御軍士乎喚賜而千磐破人乎和為跡不奉仕國乎治跡...
      ...to2ri ga naku aduma no2 kuni no2 mi1-ikusa wo me1si-tamapi1te tipayaburu hi1to2 wo yapase to2 maturo1panu kuni wo wosame2 to2...
      ...let us summon the glorious troops from the Eastern Lands where birds cry to vanquish the unruly peoples and conquer the defiant lands.[2]
      [Note: Another variant says 國乎掃部等 (kuni wo parape1 to2, “purify (literally ‘sweep’) these lands”) instead of kuni wo wosame2 to2.]

Conjugation

Classical conjugation of "千早ぶ" (バ行上二段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 千早び ちはやび tifayabi
Continuative (連用形) 千早び ちはやび tifayabi
Terminal (終止形) 千早ぶ ちはやぶ tifayabu
Attributive (連体形) 千早ぶる ちはやぶる tifayaburu
Realis (已然形) 千早ぶれ ちはやぶれ tifayabure
Imperative (命令形) 千早びよ ちはやびよ tifayabiyo
Key constructions
Negative 千早びず ちはやびず tifayabizu
Contrasting conjunction 千早ぶれど ちはやぶれど tifayaburedo
Causal conjunction 千早ぶれば ちはやぶれば tifayabureba
Conditional conjunction 千早びば ちはやびば tifayabiba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 千早びき ちはやびき tifayabiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 千早びけり ちはやびけり tifayabikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action) 千早びつ ちはやびつ tifayabitu
Perfect tense (natural event) 千早びぬ ちはやびぬ tifayabinu
Perfect-continuative tense 千早びたり ちはやびたり tifayabitari
Volitional 千早びむ ちはやびむ tifayabimu

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Japanese: 千早ぶ (chihayabu)

References

  1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ Lua error in Module:languages/errorGetBy at line 16: Please specify a language or etymology language code in the parameter "1"; the value "2012" is not valid (see Wiktionary:List of languages).
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