拵える

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Japanese

[edit]
Kanji in this term
こしら
Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Etymology

[edit]

From Old Japanese. First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.[1]

Reconstructed by Samuel Martin as Proto-Japonic *kəsirapu, a compound of Old Japanese elements (ko2, this) +‎ 知ら (sira, the 未然形 (mizenkei, irrealis form) of 知る (siru, to know)) +‎ (pu, auxiliary suffix).[2] However, this is very problematic semantically, considering that the attested senses for this verb have nothing to do with either "this" or .

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • IPA(key): [ko̞ɕiɾa̠e̞ɾɯ̟]
  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「こしらえる
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
こしらえる しらえる [kòshíráérú]
Imperative (命令形) こしらえろ しらえろ [kòshíráéró]
Key constructions
Passive こしらえられる しらえられる [kòshíráérárérú]
Causative こしらえさせる しらえさせる [kòshíráésásérú]
Potential こしらえられる しらえられる [kòshíráérárérú]
Volitional こしらえよう しらえよ [kòshíráéyóꜜò]
Negative こしらえない しらえない [kòshíráénáí]
Negative perfective こしらえなかった しらえなかった [kòshíráénáꜜkàttà]
Formal こしらえます しらえま [kòshíráémáꜜsù]
Perfective こしらえた しらえた [kòshíráétá]
Conjunctive こしらえて しらえて [kòshíráété]
Hypothetical conditional こしらえれば しらえれ [kòshíráéréꜜbà]

Verb

[edit]

(こしら)える (koshiraerutransitive ichidan (stem (こしら) (koshirae), past (こしら)えた (koshiraeta))

  1. [from 720] to speak in such a way as to cause others to feel or do something
  2. [from early 1200s] to cook, to make food
    彼女(かのじょ)()どもに食事(しょくじ)をさっとこしらえた[2]
    kanojo wa kodomo ni shokuji o satto koshiraeta
    She quickly made the children a meal
    サラダをこしらえる[3]
    Sarada o koshiraeru.
    I make a salad.
  3. dress oneself up
  4. prepare
  5. manufacture
  6. have

Conjugation

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ 拵・慰・喩・誘”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
  2. ^ Samuel E. Martin (1987) The Japanese Language Through Time, New Haven, London: Yale University Press, →ISBN