更改

Chinese

		to change; more; even more to change; more; even more; further; still; still more	to change; to alter; to transform to change; to alter; to transform; to correct
simp. and trad. (更改)		更	改

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gēnggǎi

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄥ ㄍㄞˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gang¹ goi²
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kiên-kói / kiân-kói
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kng-kái / keng-kái

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gēnggǎi
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄥ ㄍㄞˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: genggǎi
    • Wade–Giles: kêng¹-kai³
    • Yale: gēng-gǎi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: genggae
    • Palladius: гэнгай (gɛngaj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɤŋ⁵⁵ kaɪ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: gang¹ goi²
    • Yale: gāng gói
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gang¹ goi²
    • Guangdong Romanization: geng¹ goi²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɐŋ⁵⁵ kɔːi̯³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiên-kói
    • Hakka Romanization System: gien´ goi`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gian<sup>1</sup> goi<sup>3</sup>
    • Sinological IPA: /ki̯en²⁴ koi̯³¹/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiân-kói
    • Hakka Romanization System: gian´ goi`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: gian¹ goi³
    • Sinological IPA: /ki̯an²⁴ koi̯³¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kng-kái
    • Tâi-lô: kng-kái
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kngkae
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kŋ̍³³ kai⁵⁵⁴/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: keng-kái
    • Tâi-lô: king-kái
    • Phofsit Daibuun: kengkae
    • IPA (Taipei): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kai⁵³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² kai⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ kai⁴¹/

Verb

更改

1. (transitive) to alter; to change

   保存更改  ―  bǎocún gēnggǎi  ―  to save changes

Synonyms

• 修改 (xiūgǎi)
• 切換／切换 (qiēhuàn)
• 改動／改动 (gǎidòng)
• 改換／改换 (gǎihuàn)
• 改觀／改观 (gǎiguān) (to change appearance, to change one's view)
• 改變／改变 (gǎibiàn)
• 改造 (gǎizào)
• 更動／更动 (gēngdòng)
• 更換／更换 (gēnghuàn)
• 游移 (yóuyí)
• 移 (yí)
• 移易 (yíyì) (literary)
• 竄／窜 (cuàn) (literary, or in compounds, to revise text)
• 竄亂／窜乱 (cuànluàn) (literary)
• 變／变 (biàn)
• 變換／变换 (biànhuàn)
• 變易／变易 (biànyì)
• 變更／变更 (biàngēng)
• 變變／变变 (Hokkien)
• 變革／变革 (biàngé) (chiefly social systems)
• 轉化／转化 (zhuǎnhuà)
• 轉換／转换 (zhuǎnhuàn)
• 轉變／转变 (zhuǎnbiàn)
• 遷／迁 (qiān)
• 革變／革变 (gébiàn) (literary)

 

Japanese

Kanji in this term
更	改
こう Grade: S	かい Grade: 4
on’yomi

Noun

更(こう)改(かい) • (kōkai) 

1. renewal
2. revision

Verb

更(こう)改(かい)する • (kōkai suru) suru (stem 更(こう)改(かい)し (kōkai shi), past 更(こう)改(かい)した (kōkai shita))

1. to renew
2. to revise

Conjugation

Conjugation of "更改する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	更改し	こうかいし	kōkai shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	更改し	こうかいし	kōkai shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	更改する	こうかいする	kōkai suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	更改する	こうかいする	kōkai suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	更改すれ	こうかいすれ	kōkai sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	更改せよ¹ 更改しろ²	こうかいせよ¹ こうかいしろ²	kōkai seyo¹ kōkai shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	更改される	こうかいされる	kōkai sareru
Causative	更改させる 更改さす	こうかいさせる こうかいさす	kōkai saseru kōkai sasu
Potential	更改できる	こうかいできる	kōkai dekiru
Volitional	更改しよう	こうかいしよう	kōkai shiyō
Negative	更改しない	こうかいしない	kōkai shinai
Negative continuative	更改せず	こうかいせず	kōkai sezu
Formal	更改します	こうかいします	kōkai shimasu
Perfective	更改した	こうかいした	kōkai shita
Conjunctive	更改して	こうかいして	kōkai shite
Hypothetical conditional	更改すれば	こうかいすれば	kōkai sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Korean

Hanja in this term
更	改

Noun

更改 • (gaenggae) (hangeul 갱개)

1. Hanja form^? of 갱개 (“novation”).